全国甘蔗野生种质资源的采集和考察

１９８５～１９９３年在全国进行了甘蔗野生种质资源的采集和考察。采集到甘蔗亚族（Ｓａｃｃｈａｒｉｎａｅ）内９个属１８个种的无性系共８２４份，种植在云南农业大学校园内（昆明黑龙潭），建立了甘蔗资源圃。考察了甘蔗属（Ｓａｃｃｈａｒｕｍ）、蔗茅属（Ｅｒｉａｎｔｈｕｓ）、河八王属（Ｎａｒｅｎｇａ）和芒属（Ｍｉｓｃａｎｔｈｕｓ）中主要野生种的地理分布、开花期、形态特征、繁殖方式、生态适应性、锤度和种质流失的情况。探明了割手密（Ｓ．ｓｐｏｎｔａｎｅｕｍＬ．）和斑茅（Ｓ．ａｒｕｎｄｉｎａｃｅｕｍＲｅｔｚ）的开花期与原产地纬度和海拔的相关，探索了割手密与蔗茅（Ｅ．ｆｕｌｖｕｓＮｅｅｓ）茎秆锤度与地理分布的联系。

Investigations and Collections of Wild Germplasm Plants Related to Sugarcane in China

More than 15 investigations and collections of wild plants related to sugarcane have been carried out by our laboratory during 1985 to 1993 for basic breeding uses and the other purposes in 21 provinces,municipalities and autonomous regions of China covering Yunnan,Sichuan,Tibet, Guizhou,Shanxi,Gansu,Hebei,Beijing,Henan,Shandong,Jiangsu,Anhui,Shanghai,Hunan,Hubei,Zhejiang,Fujian,Jiangxi,Guangdong,Guangxi and Hainan,where a total of 824 clones which respectively belong to 9 genera and 19 species under subgarsugarcane(Saccharaea)were collected.Some clones of S.spontaneum and E.fulles had very high brix up to 20-22% under wild conditions.The geographic distribution,morpholosical characters,flowering time,reproductive way,ecological adaptability and germplasm erosion of wild species under Saccharum,Ertanthus,Narenga and Miscanthus in the mainland and Hainan island of China have been survied.It has been revealed that there were not only corelations between flowering time and the origin altitiude and latitude where S.spontaneum and S.arundinaceus grow but also connection between the stalk brix and the geographic distribution of S.spontaneum and E.fulvus.