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1.
Aamir Lal Eui-Joon Kil Vo T. B. Thuy Chairina Fadhila Phuong T. Ho Hee-Seong Byun Hang T. Dao Ji-Kwang Kim Sukchan Lee 《Plant pathology》2020,69(6):1026-1033
Milk vetch dwarf virus (MDV) is an important member of the genus Nanovirus and is transmitted by the aphid Aphis craccivora. MDV has multiple single-stranded DNA genome components, each approximately 1 kb, and two or three alpha-satellite molecules. It mainly infects plants of the legume family Fabaceae. Recently, papaya (Carica papaya) collected in Yesan, South Korea, displaying symptoms of leaf yellowing and dwarfism, was identified as a new host for MDV. To examine the geographical distribution of MDV, papaya samples with symptoms were harvested in South Korea, Vietnam, and Taiwan in August 2018, along with tomato and pepper samples grown in adjacent fields in Vietnam. The results revealed the presence of MDV not only in papaya but also in pepper and tomato. This MDV infection in members of the Solanaceae family was confirmed by Southern blot hybridization performed using a PCR product of segment S as a probe. Based on sequence analysis of three MDV components (M, S, and C3), we verified the presence of three different isolates of MDV in these three countries and homology between sequences of isolates from papaya and from members of the Solanaceae from Vietnam. Taken together, our results clearly demonstrate MDV infection in Vietnam and Taiwan for the first time and confirm that MDV can infect economically important pepper and tomato. 相似文献
2.
N. L. Robertson 《Plant pathology》2004,53(5):569-576
A new virus named Nootka lupine vein-clearing virus (NLVCV) was isolated from Lupinus nootkatensis plants that were confined to a relatively small area in the Talkeetna mountains of south-central Alaska. Annual surveys (2000–03) consistently found leaf symptoms of pronounced vein clearing and mosaic on 3- to 4-week-old plants in late June. Spherical particles ≈30 nm in diameter were isolated from these leaves. Virions contained a single-stranded RNA of ≈4·0–4·2 kb and one species of capsid protein estimated to be ≈40 kDa. The double-stranded RNA profile from naturally infected leaves consisted of three major bands ≈4·2, 1·9 and 1·5 kbp. Protein extractions from either sap or virions of diseased plants reacted to polyclonal antiserum made against the virions in Western blot assays. A predicted PCR product ≈500 bp was synthesized from virion RNA using primers specific to the carmovirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RDRP) gene. The nucleotide sequence of the amplified DNA did not match any known virus, but contained short regions of identity to several carmoviruses. Only species belonging to the Fabaceae were susceptible to NLVCV by mechanical inoculation. Based on dsRNA profile, size of virion RNA genome and capsid protein, and similarity of the RDRP gene to that of other carmoviruses, it is suggested that NLVCV is a member of the family Tombusviridae , and tentatively of the genus Carmovirus . As the host range, RDRP gene and dsRNA profile of NLVCV are different from those of known viruses, this is a newly described plant virus. 相似文献
3.
Anti-uveal melanoma activity-guided fractionation of the MeOH extract of Acacia nilotica pods resulted in the isolation of the new compound gallocatechin 5-O-gallate (5) in addition to methyl gallate (1), gallic acid (2), catechin (3), catechin 5-O-gallate (4), 1-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (6), 1,6-di-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (7) and digallic acid (8). The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated on the basis of HRESIMS, NMR spectroscopy and CD data. In addition to uveal melanoma, the antiproliferative activities of the isolated compounds and the related compound epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate (EGCG) were evaluated against cutaneous melanoma, ovarian cancer, glioblastoma and normal retinal pigmented cells. 相似文献
4.
几种木本豆科植物的过氧化物酶和多酚氧化酶同工酶研究 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
用垂直平板聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术对红花槐、龙爪槐、国槐、紫穗槐、刺槐的过氧化物酶和多酚氧化酶同工酶进行分析研究 ,并采用排序法 ,对其亲缘关系进行比较 ,结果表明 :龙爪槐与国槐的亲缘关系较近 ;龙爪槐与紫穗槐、刺槐、红花槐都较远 ;红花槐与刺槐的亲缘较近 相似文献
5.
Marike Trytsman Elizabeth L Masemola Francuois L Müller Frikkie J Calitz Abraham E van Wyk 《African Journal of Range and Forage Science》2019,36(1):27-40
In contrast to the exploration and use of southern African grass plant genetic resources over the past century, only a few indigenous legume species are currently used as forages, notwithstanding the vast untapped legume diversity available in southern Africa. The aim of this study was to assess legumes, indigenous to South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland and propose a list of species with pasture potential for further evaluation. Towards this end, legume species documented as being cultivated, grazed or browsed as well as plant collection data from the National Herbarium, South Africa, were used. The majority of cultivated, grazed or browsed species were recorded in the Central Bushveld, Lowveld and Mopane Bioregions, the Drakensberg Foothill and Coastal Region, Savanna Group and Northern Mistbelt leguminochoria and is largely enclosed by the Wolkberg Centre of Plant Endemism. The Phaseoleae tribe was found to contain the highest percentage of cultivated legume species. Legume species adapted to low soil phosphorus levels were identified, with 22 of these species previously noted for their pasture potential. It is suggested that the results of this study be used in the continued search for alternative indigenous legumes species for eventual integration into local and international pasture systems. 相似文献
6.
Ekambaranellore Prakash Patan Shaik Sha Valli Khan Thoguru Jonh Vivek Sreenivasa Rao Elu Singh Meru 《Journal of Forest Research》2006,11(5):329-335
In vitro clonal multiplication of Pterocarpus santalinus L. was achieved using mature nodal explants of a 10-year-old elite quality tree. Combinations of serial transfer technique
and incorporation of antioxidants (250 mg/l L-ascorbic acid and 50 mg/l citric acid) into the culture medium helped to minimize medium browning and improve explant survival
during shoot sprouting. About 70% of explants were sprouted on Murashige and Skoog (MS) liquid medium containing 4.4 μM 6-benzyladenine (BA). The explant harvest period also influenced the bud break and shoot sprouting in nodal explants. The
combination of 4.4 μM BA and 2.2 μM thidiazuron (TDZ) was found to be the most suitable growth regulator for obtaining the highest percentage of nodal segment
sprouting (74%–75%), the number of secondary shoots per primary shoot (two or three), the shoot length (5–6 cm), the number
of new nodal segments generated per active explant (four or five), and the multiplication coefficient (3.5) within 6 weeks.
Repeated subculturing of nodal explants obtained from shoot cultures enabled continuous production of healthy axillary shoots.
At the end of the sixth passage, about 90% of nodal explants produced five or six healthy green shoots, each being about 6.6 cm
long with six or seven nodes. Multiplication coefficient was also increased from the first subculture (5.4) to the sixth subculture
(8.3). The best rooting response was achieved on solidified half-strength MS medium supplemented with 4.9 μM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). About 70% of the micropropagated plantlets were established successfully in 20-cm pots containing
a mixture of soil and farmyard manure (4 : 1 ratio) and formed new leaflets. 相似文献
7.
Jens P. Levenfors Mariann Wikström Lars Persson Berndt Gerhardson 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2003,109(6):535-543
Host range and pathogenicity of a range of Aphanomyces spp. isolates obtained from pea roots but also from a range of other field-grown leguminous crops in southern Sweden was investigated. The Aphanomyces euteiches isolates originating from pea and the few obtained isolates originating from alfalfa, green bean and yellow sweet-clover were highly pathogenic only to pea. The A. euteiches isolated from common vetch differed from these isolates by being weakly pathogenic to pea and other legumes, but highly pathogenic to common vetch. Vetch isolates also formed a well-defined separate cluster based on principal component analysis of pathogenicity pattern on tested crops. Oospores of A. euteiches were observed in root tissue of pea as well as common vetch, alfalfa, green bean, broad bean, red clover and yellow sweet-clover in the greenhouse pathogenicity tests. An Aphanomyces sp. that morphologically differed from A. euteiches, was frequently isolated from several leguminous plants, but was non-pathogenic to all tested crops in the pathogenicity tests. In isozyme analysis the banding pattern of these isolates resembled the pattern of A. cladogamus. Another, different and so far unidentified Aphanomyces sp. from roots of green bean and broad bean, was also non-pathogenic to the tested legume species. Based on the isolates tested, the results obtained suggest that the population of Aphanomyces spp. infecting legume roots in Sweden consists of a pea-specific and a vetch-specific group of A. euteiches. Two other groups comprised (i) Aphanomyces sp. isolates that resembled A. cladogamus, and (ii) isolates, which resembled neither A. euteiches nor A. cladogamus. In addition, the host range of Swedish A. euteiches isolates was not as broad as reported for A. euteiches isolates from other countries. 相似文献
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《Southern Forests》2013,75(2):73-80
The genetic diversity among 17 populations (including 10 newly discovered) of Talbotiella gentii (Fabaceae, Caesalpinioideae), a rare tree species endemic to Ghana, was assessed using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). A total of 80 polymorphic bands were generated from eight primers and analysed by cluster and correspondence analysis. This showed a clear distinction between populations, with two major groups associated with geographical origin. AMOVA analysis showed that 94.05% of the genetic variation was partitioned among populations, while only 5.95% was found within populations suggesting little gene flow between populations. Possible reasons for the high population genetic differentiation and the low levels of genetic variation within populations are inbreeding and genetic drift. Of a total of 26 known populations, 14 are now extinct, five during the course of this study. Action to prevent complete extinction of the species is therefore urgent. 相似文献