鸭源流感病毒感染对鸡和家鸭红细胞免疫功能的影响

采用商品来航鸡、樱桃谷鸭分别接种鸭源流感病毒株Ａ／ｄｕｃｋ／Ｎａｎｊｉｎｇ／２１／９５（Ｈ９Ｈ？），研究了禽流感病毒（ＡＩＶ）感染对红细胞免疫功能的影响。结果发现，流感发生与红细胞ＣＲ１花环率之间存在着反向关系；正常鸭的红细胞ＣＲ１花环率极显高于正常鸡的红细胞ＣＲ１花环率，即使接种ＡＩＶ后，鸭红细胞ＣＲ１花环率有所下降，但也显著高于正常鸡的红细胞ＣＲ１花环率，这些结果表明，鸭的红细胞免疫功能在一定     

土党参多糖对环磷酰胺所致小鼠白细胞减少症的影响

研究土党参多糖(CJP)对环磷酰胺所致小鼠白细胞减少症的影响。小鼠腹腔注射环磷酰胺,建立白细胞减少模型,以高、中、低3个不同剂量的土党参多糖分别灌胃给药,测定外周血象、脏器指数、骨髓DNA。给药组与模型组比,小鼠白细胞数量明显增高(P<0.01),脾脏指数、胸腺指数差异不明显,中剂量组骨髓DNA明显增加(P<0.05)。土党参多糖对环磷酰胺所致小鼠白细胞减少症有升高白细胞和促进小鼠骨髓造血功能的作用。     

桦木酸对小鼠血液指标及免疫器官指数的影响

目的:研究桦木酸对小鼠血液指标的影响。方法:将健康昆明系小鼠28只,随机分为空白对照组及桦木酸0.25、0.5、1.0mg/mL组,灌胃给药,1次/d,连续14d。后检测桦木酸对小鼠免疫器官指数、血液指标以及血清溶菌酶活性的影响。结果:桦木酸能提高机体的免疫器官指数;使白细胞、淋巴细胞、红细胞数目等血液指标显著升高,并呈现量效关系;桦木酸还能够提高血清溶菌酶活性(P0.01)。结论:桦木酸对小鼠血液指标及免疫器官指数升高有积极作用。     

GC02鸡球虫病疫苗免疫对鸡红白细胞数的影响

通过GC02鸡球虫病疫苗免疫雏鸡,研究其对鸡红白细胞数的影响。选择100只1日龄肉杂鸡随机分成两组,每组50只。Ⅰ组为对照组,Ⅱ组为试验组,饲喂同种日粮。Ⅱ组分别在7日龄、14日龄给每只鸡免疫8000个GC02鸡球虫病疫苗孢子化卵囊。Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组分别在21、28、35和42日龄采血,进行红、白细胞计数。结果表明在21日龄,Ⅱ组红、白细胞数与Ⅰ组相比差异均显著（P〈0．05）,28、35和42日龄Ⅱ组与Ⅰ组相比差异均不显著（P〉0．05）。从试验组与对照组的红、白细胞数百分比[（E／C）％]来看,免疫后试验组红细胞数先减少,21日龄最低（为对照组的93．89％）,随后慢慢升高,超过对照组,最大值出现在35日龄（为对照组的100．36％）,42日龄又下降;试验组白细胞数均高于对照组,21日龄最高（为对照组的106．64％）,随后慢慢降低,最低值出现在35日龄（为对照组的100．85％）,42日龄稍稍上升。说明GC02鸡球虫病疫苗免疫雏鸡后,对鸡的红白细胞数影响不大。     

红细胞免疫与免疫复合物疾病

20世纪90年代,天然免疫研究升温,成了现代免疫学研究前沿,红细胞天然免疫研究又掀起了新的高潮。红细胞具有许多与免疫有关的物质,它们具有识别、黏附、浓缩、杀伤抗原、清除循环免疫复合物,还参与机体免疫的调控。随着免疫学的不断发展、免疫技术的不断改进,免疫复合物疾病越来越引起临床工作者的重视。本文主要研究红细胞对免疫复合物的调控作用,以及红细胞Ⅰ型补体受体(CR1)在循环免疫复合物清除中的作用机理,阐明红细胞CR1数量与活性的改变对免疫复合物疾病的影响。     

The effect of combined iron-selenium treatment on erythropoiesis and weight gain of piglets

Ten sows were during their last month of gestation and first 4 weeks of lactation kept on a low Se ratio (0.014 ppm Se). Their 1-3 days old piglets (n = 108) were divided in 2 groups, the experimental and the control group. Blood samples were taken from the piglets before the age of 3 days. Each of the piglets of the experimental group (n = 54) was treated subcutaneously in connection with the blood sampling with 200 mg Fe⁺³ as iron dextran and 0,30 mg Se⁴⁴ as sodium selenite (Pigfer-Se, Orion Corporation Ltd., Orion Pharmaceutics Espoo, Finland). The piglets of the control group (n = 54) were correspondingly treated with 200 Fe⁺³ as iron dextran. Blood samples were again taken 7, 14 and 28 days after the first sample.The results showed that the mean increase in the number of erythrocytes during the first 7 days was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group (p = 0.006). No significant differences between the whole groups could be found in the later blood samples.When some haematological parameters of those of the piglets of the experimental and the control group, which before the age of 3 days had the whole blood Se ^ 55 μg/1 were compared (n = 16 and n = 22 respectively) the mean increase in the number of erythrocytes was found to be significantly higher both at 7 days and 14 days in the low Se piglets of the experimental group than the corresponding means of the control group (p = 0.005 and p = 0.016 respectively). At 28 days the difference between the means was not significant.The weekly mean weight gains of the low Se piglets of the experimental group were consistently higher at the successive weekly weighings than the corresponding means of the control group.     

The effect of lead poisoning on hematologic and biochemical values in trumpeter swans and Canada geese

BACKGROUND: Lead is a persistent contaminant in the environment, and waterfowl are susceptible to lead toxicity from ingestion of lead pellets and fishing weights. Lead affects numerous physiologic processes through inhibition of enzyme activity and protein function, but its effects on commonly assessed avian blood values are incompletely understood. OBJECTIVES: Our aim was to evaluate hematologic and biochemical changes associated with blood lead concentrations in trumpeter swans and Canada geese. METHODS: Data for CBCs, plasma biochemical profiles (total protein, albumin, glucose, cholesterol, total bilirubin, calcium, phosphorus, gamma-glutamyltransferase [GGT], aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, amylase, and lipase), and whole blood lead concentrations were retrospectively analyzed for 69 trumpeter swans and 52 Canada geese. Laboratory data obtained prospectively from an additional 20 trumpeter swans also were included. RBC morphology was semiquantitated in blood smears from 70 of the birds. Data were analyzed initially by ANOVA and covariance. A statistical model then was constructed to determine the relationship between each parameter and lead concentration. RESULTS: In both avian species, PCV, hemoglobin concentration, and MCHC decreased significantly (P < .05) with increasing blood lead concentration. Uric acid concentration and GGT activity were increased in trumpeter swans and phosphorus concentration was decreased in Canada geese in association with high blood lead concentration (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Lead toxicosis induced significant changes in the values of commonly measured hematologic parameters in waterfowl. These changes may be useful indicators of severe lead intoxication during routine laboratory assessment. Changes in clinical chemistry values, although statistically significant, were too inconsistent to serve as indicators of lead toxicosis.     

三肽囊素对环磷酰胺诱导的鸡红细胞免疫功能低下的阻断作用

本文研究了三肽囊素对环磷酰胺诱导的墟岗黄鸡红细胞免疫功能的抑制模型的影响。180只一日龄墟岗黄母鸡随机分成对照组,三肽囊素组,三肽囊素 环磷酰胺组,环磷酰胺组四个组,三肽囊素组和环磷酰胺 三肽囊素组每只鸡肌注0.01mg/kg剂量的三肽囊素;环磷酰胺组和环磷酰胺 三肽囊素组每只鸡肌注40mg/kg剂量的环磷酰胺,对照组鸡注射等量的生理盐水。结果表明,14日龄和35日龄时各试验组鸡的红细胞总数没有显著差异,而在56日龄时,环磷酰胺组显著低于其它三组(P<0.05);从14日龄开始,环磷酰胺纽的RBC-C3bR花环率显著低于其它三组,而环磷酰胺组的RBC-IC花环率显著高于其它三组,并持续到实验结束。结果提示,三肽囊素可阻断由环磷酰胺诱导的鸡红细胞免疫功能低下。     

酸胁迫对虎纹蛙红细胞及血红蛋白的影响

采用室内水族箱培养方法，研究了不同酸梯度对虎纹蛙(Rana tigerina rugtdosa Wiegmann)红细胞和血红蛋白的影响。结果表明，在pH3．5-pH5．0之间，酸胁迫对虎纹蛙的红细胞数量及血红蛋白含量具有较明显的剂量效应，其中pH3．5条件下对虎纹蛙红细胞和血红蛋白产生了较强的毒害作用，并且随着时间的推移对红细胞及血红蛋白的影响呈现逐渐加重的趋势。随着pH值的上升，其红细胞数量和血红蛋白含量也逐渐增大。pH值≥pH5．5可能是虎纹蛙较为适宜的水体环境。试验表明，酸胁迫可对虎纹蛙造成较为严重的危害，可将虎纹蛙红细胞数量和血红蛋白含量的变化作为检测水体酸污染的指标和手段。