一种汽车车内一氧化碳监控系统

汽车车内由于CO导致的意外安全事故常常被忽略。汽车发动机和空调在运行过程中产生的CO进入车内,极易被忽视而诱发中毒的事故。利用单片机传感器技术设计一种汽车车内CO浓度监控系统,当车内CO浓度达到200 ppm时系统发出第一次报警,当车内CO浓度达到300 ppm,系统发出第二次报警提示,并开启天窗通风,保证车内人员安全。     

马铃薯晚疫病CARAH预警模型在四川春马铃薯上的应用

为明确马铃薯晚疫病CARAH预警模型在四川春马铃薯上的适用性,选择在四川不同海拔高度的马铃薯种植基地运用CARAH预警模型监测马铃薯晚疫病的发生和进行防控指导。结果表明,海拔高度越高,马铃薯晚疫病侵染程度越低,海拔3500 m以上时,主要以轻度侵染为主,海拔3500 m以下时,主要以中度和重度侵染为主。不同品种出现中心病株时的马铃薯晚疫病侵染循环代数不同,相同品种在不同地区出现马铃薯晚疫病中心病株时所处的侵染循环有所差别,可能与不同地区马铃薯晚疫病菌致病力存在差异有关。利用马铃薯晚疫病CARAH预警模型指导药剂防治,5种药剂仍表现出较高的防治效果,且不存在显著性差异。     

Application of Multivariate Statistics in Early-warning of Corporation Financial Crisis

This paper is focused on early warning of corporation financial crisis for the China's household electric appliance manufacturers in stock market. Firstly, using company's open-disclosed annual statements as data resource, the financial indexes system is constructed. Secondary, adopting the multivariable statistical analysis method, such as cluster, discriminate and principle component analysis, the multivariate models for the empirical study on early warning of financial crisis by making use of SPSS statistical software are set up. The corporation might discover the financial affairs crisis that shall probably arise beforehand by using the financial affairs crisis early warning system. This study and analysis may serve as reference for domestic industries and enterprises.     

大数据时代山东农业病虫害监测预警体系建设

在大数据时代,海量的数据资源是推动经济发展和社会进步的基石,丰富、透明、完善的农业大数据资源是加快农业信息化建设步伐的前提,先进、有序、完备的农业病虫害监测预警体系是服务绿色农业发展的支撑。该研究试图在研究国内外农业病虫害监测预警体系的基础上,在农业专家的指导下,进行大数据时代农业病虫害监测预警体系构建。山东农业病虫害监测预警体系的建设应主动适应大数据时代的发展需求,分步构建病虫害监测预警体系,分层划分病虫害数据中心工作,合理布局病虫害数据采集站点,科学制定病虫害监测预警任务,共建共享病虫害监测数据信息,有效加强病虫害联合监测预警,努力研发病虫害智能识别终端,为发展现代高效农业提供坚实的保障。     

后金融危机时代中小企业财务危机预警管理

2008年的全球性金融危机给我国中小企业带来了巨大的冲击，绝大多数中小企业陷入了财务困境，甚至破产倒闭。在后金融危机时代，我们应该吸取经验教训，提高中小企业财务危机意识，加强财务危机的预警，防患于未然，因此建立中小企业财务危机预警模型成为刻不容缓的任务之一。文章尝试在传统的基于功效系数法下构建的中小企业财务危机预警模型中加入了关键性的非财务指标，试图通过定量与定性指标的结合，以期增加模型的全面性与准确性。     

森林火灾预警与预防工作探讨——以杭州市西湖区为例

介绍了森林火灾预警方法和国内外森林火灾预报研究情况,以杭州市西湖区为例,介绍了西湖区历年森林火灾发生情况、森林火灾预防工作和森林火灾预防等级划分情况,并对其进行了历史火情分析和森林火灾预警四级预案分级。     

Surveillance and Early Warning of West Nile Virus Lineage 2 Using Backyard Chickens and Correlation to Human Neuroinvasive Cases

In 2010, a West Nile virus (WNV) epidemic was reported in Central Macedonia, Northern Greece, with 197 neuroinvasive disease (WNND) cases in humans. The following 3 years, WNV spreads to new areas of Greece and human cases reoccurred during the transmission periods. After the initial outbreak, a WNV surveillance system using juvenile backyard chickens was established in Central Macedonia (after the 2011 outbreak) and Eastern Macedonia‐Thrace (after the 2012 outbreak). Sera were screened for the presence of antibodies against WNV using cELISA and serum neutralization test, to monitor the spread of WNV and to assess the correlation between the WNV point seroprevalence in chickens and the incidence rates of human WNND cases in the aforementioned areas. WNV seroprevalence in chickens was 10.4% (95% CI: 7–15) in Central Macedonia (2011) and 18.1% (95% CI: 14–23) in Eastern Macedonia‐Thrace (2012). Seroprevalence in chickens and incidence rates of human WNND cases in Eastern Macedonia‐Thrace were strongly positively correlated (ρ = 0.98, P = 0.005) at the regional unit level, with the incidence of WNND in humans increasing with increasing WNV point seroprevalence in chickens. In Central Macedonia, the correlation was weaker (ρ = 0.68, P = 0.20), apparently due to small number of reported human WNND cases. Another study was also conducted using juvenile backyard chickens in Central Macedonia, aiming to detect early WNV enzootic circulation, before the onset of human cases during 2011 and 2013. The first seroconverted chickens were detected about 1.5 months before the laboratory diagnosis of any human WNND cases in Central Macedonia, for both years. WNV surveillance, using juvenile backyard chickens, was reliable for the identification of areas with WNV enzootic and silent transmission, and for early warning. Timely diffusion of information to public health authorities facilitated the successful implementation of preparedness plans to protect public health.     

不确定性条件下分布式农业生产预警模型构建与应用

构建了基于梯形模糊数和分布式作物模拟模型的空间分布式农业生产预警模型来实现作物产量和水分生产力综合警情预警预报。模型采用空间分布式作物产量和水分生产力作为警情指标来计算系统警级,引入梯形模糊数来表征目标产量和水分生产力的不确定性,采用空间分布式作物模拟模型来模拟常规灌溉、0.8倍常规灌溉和0.6倍常规灌溉下的作物产量和水分生产力,进而对现状1976—2012年和未来RCP4.5情景下2026—2045年不同灌溉水平下进行农业生产风险预报预警,并衡量了未来20年产量和水分生产力的静态协调度和每5年4个周期的动态协调度。结果表明,同一作物在不同土壤类型和不同灌溉水平下预警等级不同,警级随着灌溉水平的降低呈现不规则变化规律,协调性随着灌溉水平的降低而减小。模型能够识别出未来气候变化不同节水灌溉水平下的空间异质性作物产量和水分生产力的警级,实现精准化农业生产风险预警预报,有利于实现高效率降警处理。     

园林树木遮荫功效研究进展

摘要：卫星遥感是现阶段测绘领域应用较为成熟的技术,然而在农林业病虫害监测预警方面使用较为迟缓,特别是针对省级管理机构缺乏监管技术和预警能力,本研究探索了利用卫星遥感技术开展异常变色林木监测的应用实践,以服务于区域松材线虫病防控的技术指导和督查。经过3年的应用表明,高空间分辨率卫星遥感技术具有客观、科学和实时的优势,能够为上级管理机构提供决策依据。