昆虫生长调节剂抑食肼防治杨圆蚧和柳蛎盾蚧

抑食肼是一种昆虫生长调节剂．对杨圆蚧和柳蛎盾蚧具有特效．对天改安全。使用1％～2％抑食肼油剂防治两蚧固定著虫的药效在90％～98％：防治柳蛎盾蚧卵的药效在94％～98％．使用25％押食肼可湿性粉剂100～200ug／g．防治柳蛎盾蚧初孵著虫的药效在91％～96％。押食肼油剂具有内吸和胃毒作用并具有速效．特效．为蚧虫的防治提供一种理想，安全、经济和高教的新型杀蚧剂。     

Lipid components of mustard seeds (Brassica juncea L.) as influenced by cadmium levels

In a pot experiment the soil application of different levels of Cd²⁺ (0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 60 µg g^–1 soil) affected the lipid components of mustard seeds (Brassica juncea L. Cv. RH-30) markedly. Total lipids declined with the Cd²⁺ levels regularly while phospho and glycolipids increased only at higher levels. Fatty acids profile of total, neutral and polar lipid fractions were affected considerably. Erucic acid in total and neutral lipids was observed to increase while it decreased in polar lipids with Cd²⁺ as compared to control. On the other hand palmitic, oleic and linoleic acids had reverse trend. Cadmium concentration increased consistently with increasing levels of Cd²⁺. Plant dry weight was also decreased significantly with Cd²⁺ levels.     

抑食肼油剂防治杨干象

杨干象是一种世界性的危险性杨树检症害虫，分布广泛．危害严重．是一种毁灭性的蛀干害虫．对杨树威胁极大。为了克服长期大量使用常规杀虫剂．造成对环境的污染．杀伤天敌、害虫产生抗药性的副作用。我们研制一种新型昆虫生长调节荆抑食肼油剂．防治杨干象幼虫使用1％油剂杀虫率达95％、抑食肼油剂对杨干象幼虫具有高效．内吸作用．既有速效性又有较好的持效性、抑食肼油剂的研制为杨干象等蛀干害虫提供一种安全、高效，经济的新型杀虫剂．具有显著的生态．社会和经济效益．可以在生产上推广应用。     

抑食肼对大型溞的急慢性毒性效应研究

选择21%抑食肼可湿性粉剂为受试农药,研究其对大型溞(Daphnia magna)的急性毒性和21 d慢性毒性效应,观察大型溞各个繁殖和生长指标变化,建立毒物剂量-反应关系,并寻找其中的敏感生物学指标。急性毒性试验结果表明,21%抑食肼可湿性粉剂对大型溞的48 h-EC50为0.94 mg·L-1;慢性毒性试验结果表明,抑食肼对大型溞的初次蜕壳时间、蜕壳次数、产卵时间、产幼溞数和产幼溞胎数等都有显著的影响,其中,0.135 mg·L-1的暴露浓度可以显著减少大型溞蜕壳次数、产幼溞总数量和产幼溞胎数,综合各个繁殖毒性终点指标,21 d无可见效应浓度(NOEC)为0.045 mg·L-1。此外,研究还发现低至0.015 mg·L-1的抑食肼暴露21 d可以使母溞体长显著性下降。研究结果表明,抑食肼胁迫在一定程度上对大型溞的生长和繁殖具有抑制效应。     

新型杀虫剂对蚯蚓的毒理学研究

研究了吡虫啉与抑食肼对蚯蚓的急性毒性、生化毒性及对精子形态的影响。急性毒性结果表明,上述两种杀虫剂在不同暴露系统中,显现不同的毒性效应。吡虫啉在浓度低于０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ、抑食肼低于２５ｍｇ／Ｌ浓度范围内对蚯蚓纤维素酶活力有抑制作用。低浓度吡虫啉对蚯蚓超氧化物歧化酶活力有抑制作用,高浓度吡虫啉和抑食肼则有促进作用。两种杀虫剂对蚯蚓精子形态均有不同程度影响     

不同温度下抑食肼对小菜蛾幼虫的药效试验

利用人工气候箱，在设定的５种温度条件下，用叶片残留法测定了抑食肼（４００ｍｇ／Ｌ）及抑太保（５０ｍｇ／Ｌ）对小菜蛾２龄幼虫的药效。研究结果表明，抑食肼及抑太保对小菜蛾２龄幼虫表现为正温度系数药剂。抑食肼在高温（３３℃）时对小菜蛾幼虫的校正死亡率为８７．５０％，远高于低温（１７℃）时的结果（校正死亡率为２８．７７％）。抑太保在２５～３３℃之间药效差异不明显，校正死亡率在８７．５０％以上。     

Imidazole derivative KK-42 reduces ecdysteroid titers and interferes with reproductive processes in adult females of Tenebrio molitor

KK-42, an imidazole derivative considered as potent inhibitor of ecdysteroid biosynthesis, was tested on adult females of Tenebrio molitor. The compound was applied topically (0.1, 1, 5, and 10 μg/insect) on 0- or 2-day-old adult females or added to the culture medium (1 and 10 μM) of ovaries. To test the effect of KK-42 on the reproduction capacity, ovaries were explanted from 2- and 4-day-old females corresponding, respectively, to follicles at the beginning and the end of vitellogenesis. KK-42 treatment reduced the fecundity and the longevity of females, and in addition, it delayed oviposition and affected growth and development of oocytes as evidenced by measurements of the ovarian weight, the number of oocytes per ovaries, and the size of the basal follicle. Hence, the effects were stronger in newly emerged females compared to 2-day-old females. Interestingly, RH-0345, an ecdysteroid agonist, could partly restore the effects on reproductive events induced by KK-42. In a second series of experiments using an enzyme immunoassay to measure ecdysteroid titers, KK-42 reduced the amounts of ecdysteroids in ovaries after application on newly emerged adult females. In 2-day-old females, it caused a significant effect with the highest doses. In addition, the compound significantly reduced the amounts of ecdysteroid released into the culture medium by ovaries explanted from 2- or 4-day-old females. The results are discussed in relation to the mode of action of KK-42 on reproduction.     

水稻杆中抑食肼RH-5849的残留测定

采用乙腈法提取残留物抑食肼.用氧化铝层析柱净化,并用液相色谱法测定了稻杆中抑食肼的残留量.结果表明,液相色谱法在稻杆中的最低检出浓度为0.02mg/kg,回收率均在84%～104%,变异系数均在0.095～0.140,能满足农药残留分析的要求.     

取食不同蔬菜的菜粉蝶幼虫对抑食肼的敏感性测定

叶片残留法测定结果表明,取食芥蓝（ＢｒａｓｓｉｃａａｌｂｏｇｌｏｇｒａＢａｉｌｅｙ）白菜（ＢｃｏｍｐｅｓｔｒｉｓＬ．ｓｓｐ．ｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ（Ｌ．）Ｍａｒｋｉｎｏｖａｒ．ｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｓＴｓｅｎｅｔＬｅｅ）,菜心（Ｂ．ｃａｍｐｅｓｔｒｉｓＬ．ｓｓｐ．ｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓｕｔｉｌｉｓＴｓｅｎｅｔＬｅｅ）,萝卜（ＲａｐｈａｎｕｓｓａｔｉｕｍｖＬ．）的３,５龄菜粉蝶幼虫均对抑食腊的敏感性差异较大,ＬＣ５     

抑食肼颗粒剂防治金龟子幼虫

抑食肼(RH-5849)是一种具有蜕皮激素活性的昆虫生长调节剂。对鳞翅目，鞘翅目、双翅目等幼虫有效．具有抑制进食．加速蜕皮：对害虫以胃毒作用为主．具有较强的内吸性残效期较长．抑食肼颗粒剂斑效期为30d左右．根据虫口密度．一般施药2～3次为宜．第一次床基施药3～5g／m2．以防治越冬代2～3龄幼虫为主．第二次床面施药5g／m2．防治新生1龄幼虫为主．总防治效果达90％～94％，是目前防治地下害虫取代高残留．剧毒农药的一种无公害的新型杀虫剂。