香草资源开发利用前景分析

香草具有观赏、食用和药用等多种功能和利用价值,对其合理的开发利用,不仅可提高城市园林绿化和娱乐休闲园建设、居室点缀装饰和有机安全果园生产趋避等的生态观赏价值,而且香草及其深加工产品,会带来可观的经济和社会效益。现从香草的基本涵义出发,对香草资源的主要类群及成分、功能特性及用途进行了较为科学的论述,且从国内外香草资源的研究和开发利用现状,分析了香草资源的开发利用前景,并提出了其开发利用的战略性对策。     

草本植物在地面装饰中的应用研究

通过分析草本植物特点及作用,对其在地面装饰中的应用进行研究。实践证明,草本植物在地面装饰中起着美化城市,装饰地面,展现自然景观等重要作用,为地面装饰增添了无限生趣,也为钢筋混凝土的城市涂上了一抹靓丽的色彩。     

中草药饲料添加剂对獭兔生产性能的影响

选用健康关系獭兔60只,按性别对等原则分成6组,在基础饲粮中分别添加不同比例的中草药添加剂。探讨中草药添加剂对獭兔生产性能的影响。结果显示：中草药添加剂对獭兔平均日增重、体长和皮张面积三个性状有显著的促进作用,以中草药添加量为1．2％时,獭兔增重最快,比对照组提高了18％,且差异显著（P〈0．05）。     

长白山阔叶红松林早春草本层植物的数量特征

通过对长白山西部５０年代择伐过的阔叶红松林早春阶段（４月２５日～２９日）草本植物的调查，结果表明其分布是均匀的，没有明显的优势种，生态优势度较低．ＳｈａｎｎｏｎＷｉｅｎｅｒ多样指数、种数及个体总数明显与坡向、坡位有关．     

Nutritive value of forage species grown in the warm temperate climate of Australia for dairy cows: Herbs and grain crops

The objective of this study was to quantify the nutritive characteristics of 6 grain crops and 4 herb forages over 4 seasons, when all species were grown at the same site, under the same climatic and edaphic conditions, and with soil moisture and nutrient availability being non-limiting to growth. The forages grown were maize (Zea mays), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), millet (Pennisetum americana), wheat (Triticum aestivum), triticale (Triticum × secale), oats (Avena sativa), fodder radish (Raphanu sativa), rape (Brassica rapa), chicory (Cachorium intybus) and plantain (Plantago lanceolata). The in sacco degradation characteristics of organic matter (OM) and crude protein of herbages were measured in the rumen of cannulated sheep in order to calculate the availability of effective rumen degradable protein (ERDP), rumen by pass protein, metabolisable protein (MP) and the synchrony index (I_s), which describes the efficiency of utilization of degradable nitrogen (N) and OM for microbial protein synthesis (MPS) in the rumen.In this study, all grain crops except maize had a ERDP/fermentable metabolizable energy (FME) ratio varying from 14 for millet to 23 for wheat, well above the ratio of 11 required for optimum MPS in the rumen of dairy cows. In contrast, maize had the lowest ERDP/FME ratio of 3, indicating that ERDP would be limiting MPS in the rumen. The availability of MP varied from 58 g/kg DM in maize to 153 g/kg DM in wheat and all forage species except maize were be able to meet the MP requirement of high-producing dairy cows (30 L/milk/day) provided they were able to consume 11 to13 kg DM/cow/day of the forage.The availability of MP from herbs varied from 95 g/kg DM in fodder radish to 163 g/kg DM in plantain, which would be sufficient for high-producing cows, however, most dairy cows could not consume sufficient forage to achieve these high levels of production due to very high nitrate content in rape (mean of 11.1 g/kg DM) and fodder radish (mean of 8 g/kg DM).     

中药合剂对雏鸡淋巴细胞培养的免疫抑制效果研究

60只健康雏鸡随机分为A、B、C、D四组,每组15只。9日龄时,C、D两组人工感染传染性法氏囊炎病毒(IBDV),复制动物免疫抑制模型;B、D组同时饲喂中药;A组设为对照组。结果表明:免疫抑制的D组和A组在给药3 d后淋巴细胞转化率显著高于C组(P<0.01);喂药7 d后,B组转化率显著高于A组(P<0.05);中药合剂直接刺激A、C组的淋巴细胞,中药浓度为1:1000细胞转化率最高,显著高于0、1:100、1:500(P<0.01),略高于1:2000(P<0.05);ELISA检测中,D组IL-2水平显著高于C组(P<0.01),但与A组差异不显著(P>0.05)。实验提示该中药合剂可有效缓解免疫抑制病,增强机体免疫力。     

发酵中草药添加剂在动物生产上的应用

中草药因其无耐药性、无残留性等优点,已经成为动物饲料生产的天然绿色添加剂。微生物在对中草药的发酵过程中发生一系列生化反应,使中草药中大量活性物质析出,提高了中草药有效成分含量,提高了药效,降低中草药毒性,并产生了多种代谢产物,扩大了中药功能范围。本文主要对中草药发酵技术、作用特点及在动物生产上的应用进行了综述。     

中草药提取物对植物病菌抑制和病害防治作用

测定了中草药对植物病原真菌的室内抑菌作用和田间防效。结果表明，白藓皮对小麦赤霉病、小麦纹枯病菌、小麦黑粉病菌、番茄灰霉病菌、番茄早疫病菌的菌丝生长，对番茄早疫病菌、番茄灰霉病菌、小麦赤霉病菌的孢子萌发具有较强抑制作用，0．2g／mL白藓皮对番茄早疫病、番茄灰霉病、小麦赤霉病的防效分别为76．3％、82．3％和75．1％；胡椒对小麦纹枯病菌、小麦黑粉病菌、番茄早疫病菌、山芋黑疤病菌的菌丝生长，对番茄早疫病菌孢子萌发具有较强抑制作用，0．2g／mL胡椒对番茄早疫病防效为74．5％：甘草对番茄早疫病菌菌丝生长和孢子萌发有较强抑制作用，0．2g／mL甘草对番茄早疫病防效为70．9％。     

几种热带亚热带牧草生长性能测定

本文对１０种引进的热带亚热带牧草物候期、花籽的形态特征、产籽量、种籽净度、发芽率等项目进行测定，测定结果，１０种牧草在我地区均可以完成生殖生长，收到种子。但在产籽量，发芽度等方面存在着很大的差异。