复合絮凝剂聚合氯化铝-壳聚糖中铝形态分布的研究

制备了无机—有机天然高分子复合絮凝剂聚合氯化铝—壳聚糖(PAC-CTS),并采用A l-F erron逐时络合法研究了壳聚糖(CTS)的粘度(ηCTS)、含量(C)和聚合氯化铝(PAC)的碱化度(B)对无机—有机天然高分子复合絮凝剂PAC-CTS中铝形态分布的影响。结果表明,当B值为1.5和CηTS值为100 m Pa.s时,PAC-CTS与A l-F erron试剂反应速率最高;随着C值的增加,小分子的A l(Ⅲ)聚合物含量越小,PAC-CTS与A l-F erron试剂反应速率也越低。从PAC-CTS中A lb含量可推断PAC-CTS(B=1.5,ηCTS=800 m Pa.s,C=0.05 g/g)的絮凝效果应最佳。     

结荚期喷施壳聚糖对臭氧胁迫下大豆活性氧代谢系统的影响

为揭示外源壳聚糖对O3胁迫下农作物活性氧代谢系统的影响机理,以大豆(Glycine max)为研究材料,利用开顶式气室(OTCs)研究了结荚期喷施CTS对O3胁迫下大豆叶片活性氧自由基产生速率、含量,膜脂过氧化程度,抗氧化酶活性,抗氧化物质含量及大豆籽粒产量的影响.结果表明:在整个生育期内,与对照相比,高浓度O3处理下,大豆叶片O2-. 产生速率、H2O2含量升高, MDA含量、相对电导率增大,SOD、CAT、POD活性下降,ASA、GSH含量及大豆籽粒产量降低,对大豆表现为伤害效应.结荚期喷施外源CTS后,经O3胁迫的大豆叶片O29-.产生速率、H2O2含量降低,MDA含量、相对电导率减小,SOD、CAT、POD活性升高,ASA、GSH含量以及大豆籽粒产量增加,表明外源CTS一定程度上缓解了O3胁迫对大豆的伤害,但这种缓解作用是有限的.     

壳聚糖诱导小白菜抗霜霉病的作用研究

以小白菜(Brassica campestris ssp.chinensis L.)为材料,采用根基注射结合叶面喷洒的方法,研究了壳聚糖(CTS)对小白菜霜霉病的抗性诱导。结果发现,CTS可诱导小白菜对霜霉病的抗性,促进霜霉病胁迫下小白菜的正常生长,150mg·L-1浓度为CTS诱导小白菜对霜霉病抗性的最适浓度。     

PAC与CTS复合絮凝剂在高浓度养猪废水中的应用

采用絮凝法对猪粪废水进行絮凝烧杯试验,探讨絮凝剂的选择、废水pH、聚合氯化铝(PAC)与壳聚糖(CTS)用量对废水浊度、化学需氧量(COD_(cr))、氨氮(NH3-N)、总磷(TP)去除效果的影响。结果表明:PACCTS复合絮凝剂对猪粪废水具有良好的絮凝性能,该絮凝剂处理废水的最佳絮凝条件为废水pH为6、50g/L PAC的投加量为4mL、5g/L CTS的投加量为21mL,浊度、COD_(cr)、NH3-N和TP的去除率分别达到94.35%、85.30%、65.50%和75.90%。同时,PAC-CTS复合絮凝剂可将生化需氧量/化学需氧量(BOD5/COD_(cr))的比值从0.22提高到0.39,有效提高废水的可生化性。PAC-CTS复合絮凝剂可作为新型高效絮凝剂应用于猪粪废水的预处理工程中。     

A major QTL associated with cold tolerance at seedling stage in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Chilling injury is one of the most important limiting factors affecting rice production in temperate and high-elevation areas. In this study, 146 microsatellite markers were employed to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) conferring cold tolerance at seedling stage (CTS) .The mapping population consisted of 193 doubled haploid (DH) lines, which derived from a cross between a cold-tolerant japonica variety (AAV002863) and a cold-sensitive indica cultivar (Zhenshan97B). Tolerance to cold was assessed by the survival percentage of seedlings after cold treatment. In a climate chamber, after treatment at 6°C/10°C for 7 d, the measurement was taken on the sixth day of the recovery stage at room temperature. The phenotypic distribution of the DH population approximately fitted normality with skewness and kurtosis less than 0.3, and the difference among the three repetitions was not significant. Five main effect QTLs were identified with LOD > 4.0 on chromosomes 1, 2, 8 using a composite interval mapping approach. The accumulated contribution of the five QTLs was 62.28%, and a major QTL (LOD = 15.09) was identified on chromosome 2 flanked by RM561 and RM341, which explained 27.42% of the total phenotypic variation. Four significant epistatic interactions were also detected with a total contribution of 20.14%. Liang Chen and Qiaojun Lou had made the equal contribution for the research.     

非SO2型红地球葡萄专用保鲜剂

研究了非SO2型红地球葡萄专用保鲜剂CND的应用效果.结果表明:经过CND处理后,红地球葡萄还原糖、总酸、VC 的3种营养指标总体消耗显著降低,品质保持较好.贮藏期间呼吸强度明显低于对照组,影响红地球葡萄品质的3种主要酶类均保持较低活跃水平.说明CND能较好的控制红地球葡萄的生理代谢,保鲜效果明显.