扑翼飞行器低频大行程组合伞式推进装置设计与试验

传统仿生扑翼飞行器需要在较高的扑动频率下才能获得足够的扑动升力,直接限制其向大型化发展。为解决这一问题,该文基于仿生学原理提出了一种低频大行程组合伞式推进技术,设计了推进装置结构并进行了悬停状态下的试验样机性能测试。结果表明:组合伞式推进装置通过一组扑翼在较低频率下进行同步相反方向的往复运动能够产生有效的推进力;当伞式扑翼向上运动时可以大幅减小其产生的负升力,增大伞翼展长和运动速度,其产生的空气动力均随之增大。与传统柔性扑翼相比,组合伞式扑翼具有较好的推进性能,其推进力与输入功率的比值在0.01~0.04 N/W,高于传统柔性扑翼的测试结果(-0.02~0.01 N/W)。该研究为仿生扑翼向大型化应用提供了参考。     

Numerical study on hydraulic performance of submerged propellers in oxidation ditch

The submerged propeller is an efficient diving mix device,which is applicable for oxidation ditch treatment in industry,city and village wastewater-treatment plant. The impeller structure and reasonable rotating speed are important factors that determine flow field distribution and energy conversion efficiency. So it is necessary to use modern design methods to develop new kinds of high efficiency submerged propellers,and research the flow field characteristics of submerged propellers. On the basis of the existing form drawing,three-dimensional model of submerged propellers and unstructured tetrahedral mesh were generated. Based on Navier- Stokes equations and standard k- ε turbulence model,the flow was simulated by using a simple algorithm. Through changing some design parameters of propellers,the corresponding numerical simulation results reveal that for the same impeller diameter and service area of submerged propellers,the power consumption could be reduced effectively by optimizing blade mounting angle,which can determine the best blade mounting angle and most suitable rotational speed under given conditions. The study can provide theoretical and project guidance for submerged propellers design.     

弯道导流墙对氧化沟水力特性影响的数值模拟

【目的】对两沟道氧化沟内水下推动器、曝气转盘同时运行时,增设弯道导流墙后沟内的流场及流速分布进行研究,以期提高沟内水流混合能力并降低能耗。【方法】在试验模型右侧增设弯道导流墙,并采用数值计算的方法求解气-液两相流时均方程,紊流模型采用RNG模型,自由水面捕捉采用VOF(Volume of fluid)法,速度与压力耦合方程组求解时使用SIMPLE(Semi-Implicit Method for Pressure-Linked Equations)算法,对氧化沟内的流场及流速分布进行模拟研究。【结果】数值模拟表明,在水下推动器、曝气转盘同时运行时增设弯道导流墙后,氧化沟内的流场及流速分布更加均匀,整个氧化沟内流速大于0.3m/s的流体体积百分比由不增设弯道导流墙时的40.8%提高至47.6%,显著提高了氧化沟内的流速。【结论】水下推动器、曝气转盘同时运行时,增设弯道导流墙能够明显改善氧化沟内流场及流速的分布,可以提高沟内整体流速,防止或减少沟内污泥沉积。