彩纸对茶尺蠖幼虫诱集效率的研究

本文研究了不同颜色彩纸在室内、野外对茶尺蠖幼虫的诱集以及彩纸与茶树共存时对茶尺蠖的竞争诱集。结果表明,不同颜色纸对茶尺蠖一龄幼虫有不同的诱集率,柠檬黄色纸诱引力最大,土黄、黄绿色纸次之。柠檬黄、土黄、黄绿色纸与茶树竞争诱集时,彩纸比寄主植物诱引力大。     

限制取食时间对茶尺蠖生长发育的影响

研究结果表明，限食程度越高，茶尺蠖幼虫存活率越低．不论在茶叶或人工饲料上，幼虫忍耐饥饿的能力随龄期的增加而提高，适当限制取食可延长幼虫历期或各龄龄期     

13种杀虫剂防治茶尺蠖室内药效试验

本文报道了13种杀虫剂在室内水培茶树枝条上模拟田间喷雾对茶尺蠖的药效试验。结果表明：乙基多杀菌素60克／升悬浮剂3000倍液、甲胺基阿维茵素苯甲酸盐3％微乳剂15000倍液、甲氧虫酰肼240克／升悬浮剂5000倍液、氰氟虫腙240克／升悬浮剂1500倍液．药后7d的防效均在91％以上,虫酰肼20％悬浮剂1000倍液的防效为86．48％．虽然氟虫双酰胺20％水分散粒剂6000倍液的防效稍低于上述5个处理的防效,但虫粪干重为第二少．其保叶效果仅次于乙基多杀菌素60克／升悬浮剂。因此,乙基多杀菌素60克／升悬浮剂、甲胺基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐3％微乳剂、甲氧虫酰肼240克／升悬浮剂、氰氟虫腙240克／升悬浮剂、虫酰肼20％悬浮剂、氟虫双酰胺20％水分散粒剂是比较理想的防治茶尺蠖的首选药剂．建议在茶园轮换使用。而对照药剂联苯菊酯10％乳油3000倍液对茶尺蠖的防效仅为23％．已不适合用于防治茶尺蠖。     

茶尺蠖核型多角体病毒多克隆抗体的制备及检测应用

以纯化的茶尺蠖核型多角体病毒(Ectropis obliqua nucleopolyhedrovirus,EcobNPV)作为抗原免疫大耳白兔,获得多克隆抗体,Indirect-ELISA效价为1∶51 200;工作浓度分别为EcobNPV 1∶1 600、兔抗血清1∶3 200。用所制备的多克隆抗体对提纯的多角体进行Western-blot分析表明制得的抗体对茶尺蠖核型多角体病毒有良好的特异性。应用于不同来源茶园昆虫多角体病毒分离株的检测,取得了理想的检测效果。     

EoNPV对茶尺蠖两近缘种的毒力差异

茶尺蠖核型多角体病毒(Ectropis obliqua nucleopolyhedrosis virus,EoNPV)是一种重要的病原微生物,为进一步明确该病毒对茶尺蠖两近缘种的毒力差异,采用叶盘法对3龄茶尺蠖和灰茶尺蠖幼虫进行了EoNPV的毒力测定。研究显示,EoNPV对灰茶尺蠖的半致死剂量LD₅₀(median lethal dose)为茶尺蠖的28.9倍,EoNPV对灰茶尺蠖的致死中时间LT₅₀(median lethal time)大于茶尺蠖。结果表明,EoNPV对茶尺蠖两近缘种间的毒力存在差异,EoNPV对茶尺蠖具有更高的致病力,研究结果对EoNPV田间防治茶尺蠖两近缘种具有现实指导意义。     

Histopathological Changes in Third-Instar and Adult Anastrepha ludens (Diptera: Tephritidae) After in vitro Heat Treatment

The Mexican fruit fly, Anastrepha ludens Loew (Diptera: Tephritidae), is one of the most harmful pests of mango causing direct damage by oviposition on the fruit pulp. Mango for export is subjected to hydrothermal treatment as a quarantine method for the control of this pest, but exposure to heat for long periods of time reduces considerably the quality and shelf-life of treated fruit. The aim of this work was to study morphological changes of third-instar larvae and adults of A. ludens after in vitro exposure to high temperature at sublethal times. A heating block system was used to expose larvae at 46.1°C for 19.6 and 12.9 min, producing 94.6 and 70% mortality, respectively. Treated larvae were processed for optical microscopy. A fraction of surviving treated larvae was separated into containers with artificial diet to allow development into adults. Adult sexual organs were dissected and processed for transmission electron microscopy analysis. Results showed that 94.6% of the treated larvae died at 46.1°C for 19.6 min and none of the surviving larvae eclosed to adulthood, as they developed as malformed puparia. For the in vitro treatment at 46.1°C during 12.9 min, 70% of the treated larvae died and only 3.75% reached the adult stage, but ultrastructural damage in the male testes and in the female ovaries was observed. Additionally, 11.1% of the adult flies from the in vitro treatment also showed wing malformation and were incapable of flying. The analysis showed that surviving flies were unable to reproduce.     

艾蒿提取液对茶尺蠖生物活性的初步研究

采用索氏提取法制取艾蒿（Artemisia argyi）乙醇粗提物并设定5个不同的浓度,观察其对茶尺蠖3龄幼虫的生物活性。结果表明,各处理对茶尺蠖3龄幼虫具有较强的触杀、胃毒活性和一定的拒食及抑制生长发育的作用,提取物浓度越高,效果越明显。当提取物在100 mg/mL浓度下,处理72 h后,触杀和胃毒活性中的校正死亡率分别高达66.14%、78.16%;此浓度下,12 h和24 h的拒食率分别达到了56.77%和46.01%;24 h和48 h的生长抑制率分别为54.83%和68.32%。数据显示：艾蒿乙醇粗提物对茶尺蠖具有较好的毒杀作用,有开发成植物源杀虫剂的潜力,符合当前无公害茶叶生产之急需。     

桦褐孔菌不同菌株培养特性及人工栽培比较

以来自不同国家及地区的21个桦褐孔菌菌株为试材,比较菌丝长势、长速、干重及多糖产量,并分别对每个国家的1个菌株进行人工栽培比较．结果表明,不同国家的桦褐孔菌菌株菌丝培养特性及菌核形成特性明显不同,其中,中国菌株JL01菌丝长势最强,长速最快,达3．62mm／d;中国、芬兰和朝鲜菌株均产生菌核,但中国菌株的菌核干重、生物学效率及多糖产量显著高于其它2个菌株,生物学效率达27％．     

不同温度下鞍形花蟹蛛亚成蛛对茶尺蠖3日龄幼虫的捕食功能

鞍形花蟹蛛（Xysticus ephippiatus Simon）是茶园害虫的重要捕食性天敌,为了明确它对茶尺蠖（Ectropis obliqua Prout）的控制能力,在20、25、30℃ 3种不同温度条件下,研究了鞍形花蟹蛛亚成蛛对茶尺蠖3日龄（1龄末2龄初）幼虫的捕食反应。结果表明,鞍形花蟹蛛雌蛛和雄蛛对茶尺蠖3日龄幼虫的捕食功能反应均符合HollingⅡ型方程,在相同温度下,捕食量随着猎物密度的增大而增加。在25℃和30℃时,雌虫的捕食上限均为68头;雄虫的捕食上限以30℃时最大,为67头。相同条件下雌、雄蛛之间的捕食量没有明显差别,而温度对鞍形花蟹蛛的捕食量有明显影响。