单纯疱疹病毒脑炎模型的研究

对单纯疱疹病毒(HSV)感染小鼠致病特点进行了观察,小鼠感染HSV第3天后开始发病,感染后第2天脑内可检测出病毒核酸,第3天脑内可分离出病毒,第4天病毒滴度达到高峰,发病2天内死亡。电镜观察感染鼠脑内组织出现超微结构改变,并可找到病毒颗粒。结果说明所建立的HSV脑炎模型可用于评价抗HSV药物。     

狐狸脑炎病毒的分离鉴定

通过ＭＤＣＫ传细胞从黑龙江某狐场疑似狐狸脑炎病狐的肝脏中分离到对本动物具有较强致病能力的强毒株,定名为ＦＥＶ－Ｈ。经系统鉴定,并与已知国内分离毒株狐狸脑炎病毒ＦＥＶ－８８０１,狐喉气管炎病毒ＦＡＶ－２比较,证实为狐狸脑炎病毒,属犬１型腺病毒（ＣＡＶ－１）。     

乙型脑炎病毒NS1基因重组伪狂犬病毒的构建

设计1对引物从含有乙型脑炎病毒NS1基因的质粒pNS1上亚克隆NS1基因,将NS1基因插入到中间转移载体pUSK中，获得重组中间转移质粒pUSK—NS1。将pUSK—NS1与伪狂犬病毒Ea株TK／gG／LacZ^ 突变株基因组共转染真核细胞IBRS-2，通过空斑纯化得到了乙型脑炎病毒NS1基因重组伪狂犬病毒株TK／gG^-／NS^ 1。经检测,重组病毒能表达具有生物活性的NS1蛋白。该重组病毒可作为猪乙型脑炎和伪狂犬病双价基因工程疫苗用毒株。     

Study on the Change Rule of Egg Yolk Antibody in Laying Hens after First Immunization by Japanese Encephalitis Virus

The purpose of this experiment was to study the immunization rule of the egg yolk antibody affected by different vaccines,immunization dose and injection ways and further to discuss the optimal immunization procedures of the laying hens for the preparation of egg yolk antibody against swine Japanese encephalitis virus.180 brown laying hens without any vaccines were selected and divided into 18 groups randomly,each group of 10 hens.Groups 1,2 were the control groups,injected with the sterile saline;Groups 3 to 10 were injected with subcutaneous or intramuscular injection,and the vaccine was injected with 0.2,0.5,1.0 and 1.5 mL successively.Groups 11 to 18 were also adopted two kinds of injection,followed by the same dose of vaccine immunization.Six eggs of each experimental group were gathered before immune day and after 3,7,10,14,18,21 and 28 days,the egg yolk antibody was extracted and the titer was determined.As a result,the egg yolk antibody titers of groups 1 to 6,11 and 12 were all 0,and no significant immune response produced;The hens from 7 to 10 groups were injected with the inactivated vaccine.After 7 days,the average antibody titer reached the peak,and the duration of the antibody was 14 days.The hens from 13 to 18 groups were injected with the attenuated virus vaccine.After 14 days,the average antibody titer reached the highest value,and the duration of the antibody was 21 days.The egg yolk antibody titers were not significantly different in the two compared experiment groups with the same injection dose but with different injection ways (P>0.05).With the same injection way of each experiment group,and the difference was significant (P>0.05).Compared with some groups with the same injection and vaccine,the titer of yolk antibody was gradually increased with the increase of the immune dose,and the difference was significant (P<0.05).The results showed that,no matter intramuscular or subcutaneous injection,in order to produce a significant immune response to hens,the immune antigen dose was 1.0 mL inactivated vaccine or 0.5 mL attenuated vaccine at least.Compared with the attenuated and inactivated vaccine,inactivated vaccine stimulated the body to produce the antibody faster,but the maintenance time was shorter;The lower dose of attenuated vaccine could stimulate the body to produce antibodies,but the speed was slower,the maintenance time was longer.     

Prokaryotic Expression and Antigenicity Analysis of Porcine Japenese Encephalitis Virus Envelope Protein Domain Ⅲ

In order to analyze the antigenicity of porcine Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) E protein domain Ⅲ, which was expressed by pET-28a vector with His-tag and purified through Ni-NTA, the BALB/c mice were immunized with the purified protein.We identified the antigenicity of domain Ⅲ of E protein and the anti-mice and anti-porcine JEV E Ⅲ protein specific antibody titers by SDS-PAGE, Western blotting, indirect ELISA and IFA.SDS-PAGE results showed the expressed target protein existed mainly in the form of inclusion body.Western blotting, ELISA test results showed that the protein had good reactivity with anti-serum.The mice immunized with the purified JEV E Ⅲ protein generated 1×10⁵ anti-JEV E Ⅲ protein specific antibody titers by ELISA, and the porcine immunized with the porcine JEV generated 5.1×10⁴ anti-JEV specific antibody titers.The IFA results showed that JEV E Ⅲ protein anti-serum could identify JEV antigen.The above results showed that the recombinant JEV E Ⅲ had good antigenicity.These results provided important basis for development of diagnostic antigen for JEV.     

Tick-borne encephalitis epidemic in Hungary 1951–2021: The story and lessons learned

The authors analysed epidemiological data of the Hungarian tick-borne encephalitis epidemic from the past seven decades. A total of 911 meningitis serosa cases were described from 1930-1950 s by local hospital physicians, indicating that the virus had been present in the country decades before its official identification in 1952. The virus spread freely in the 1950s–1960s, occupying almost all habitats where ticks occurred in large numbers. The increasing number of cases drove authorities to classify this illness as a notifiable disease in 1977 and to organize the first measures to stop the epidemic. Statistical analysis revealed that the large-scale vaccination launched from the 1990s was responsible for the sharp decrease in the number of human cases from 1997. A significant negative correlation was found between the number of vaccine doses sold and human cases 6 years later. The TBEV endemic area covers 16.57% of the territory and 16.65% of the population of the country. In the last 10 years, 186,000 vaccine doses/year in average were enough to keep the incidence of human TBEV infections between 0.45 and 0.06/100,000 persons. A 20-year-long study found evidence for easing clinical signs in TBEV-infected hospitalized patients. Statistics found a sharp decrease in the number of samples sent for TBEV diagnosis after 1989. Male dominance of patients was characteristic of the epidemics since the 1940s, but now analysis of detailed data from the 1981–2021 period (60.5%–87.5%) proved the statistical significance of this dominance. Obviously, the voluntary vaccination programme was the tool which broke the spread of the epidemic. Widespread public awareness of the disease and the tick vector, probable evolutionary spread of less pathogenic virus strains supplemented with the vaccination campaign led to a negligible level of human TBE cases in Hungary in the last years.     

淮北狐传染性脑炎混感大肠杆菌的试验研究

[目的]明确淮北狐急性、大量死亡的原因。[方法]结合病死淮北狐的流行病学材料和临床症状,对该狐进行了病理剖检、病毒检测、细菌分离及生化鉴定。[结果]初步判定导致该淮北狐急性、大量死亡的原因为狐狸传染性脑炎混合感染大肠杆菌。对有临床症状的病狐紧急注射康复狐狸的血清和丙种球蛋白,并全群使用经药敏试验筛选的敏感药物治疗大肠杆菌,10 d内基本上控制了疫情。[结论]广大狐狸养殖户应提高警惕,对幼狐进行传染性脑炎病毒的疫苗免疫。     

毛皮动物犬瘟热、细小病毒性肠炎和脑炎防治技术指南

为了预防、控制和消灭毛皮动物犬瘟热、细小病毒性肠炎和脑炎,依据《中华人民共和国动物防疫法》及有关法律法规,制定毛皮动物犬瘟热、细小病毒性肠炎和脑炎防治技术指南,指导毛皮动物犬瘟热、细小病毒性肠炎和脑炎防控。     

MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING AND PATHOLOGIC FINDINGS ASSOCIATED WITH NECROTIZING ENCEPHALITIS IN TWO YORKSHIRE TERRIERS

Two young adult Yorkshire terriers had neurologic signs consistent with forebrain and brainstem involvement or forebrain involvement alone. On magnetic resonance imaging studies there were asymmetric bilateral lesions mainly in the cerebral cortex, and in the diencephalon. These areas were hyperintense on T2-weighted and FLAIR images, but hypointense or isointense on T1-weighted images. Lesions had a varying degree of contrast enhancement. Areas which were isointense on T1-weighted images had no contrast enhancement or only foci of contrast enhancement. Lesions with hypointensity in T1-weighted images had no enhancement or more frequently ring-like enhancement around the lesion. Necrotizing encephalitis was confirmed pathohistologically in both dogs. The degree of contrast enhancement appeared to be related to the degree of lymphohistiocytic inflammation on histologic examination.     

乙脑病毒PrME基因在杆状病毒表达系统中的表达

本试验将乙型脑炎病毒（ＪＥＶ）的ＰｒＭ／Ｅ基因的ＨｉｎｄⅢ－ＢｇｌⅡ片段（２．１ｋｂ）插入到杆状病毒载体ｐＡｃＵＷ３１的ＢａｍＨＩ位点,使外源基因置于多角体蛋白启动予下游,构建成转移载体ｐＡｃＵＷ３１ＪＥ,以Ｌｉｐｏｆｅｃｔｉｎ作为共转染试剂,将纯化的ｐＡｃＵＷ３１ＪＥ与Ｂｓｕ３６Ｉ线性化的杆状病毒ＡｃＭＮＰＶ．ＬａｃＺＤＮＡ共转染昆虫ｓｆ９经病毒蚀斑纯化技术和Ｘ－ｇａｌ与中性红双重染色技术,随机