Changes of urinary albumin and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase in high altitude polycythemia at different altitudes and its mechanism

AIM:To study the changes of excretive amount of albumin(ALB), N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase(NAG) in patients with high altitude polycythemia(HAPC) at different altitude and its mechanism.METHODS:Urinary ALB, NAG, activity of red blood cell superoxide dismutase(RBC-SOD), malonyldialdehyde(MDA) and erythrocyte filtration index(EFI) of 231 healthy subjects and 86 patients with HAPC at different altitude were detected.RESULTS:Excretive amount of urinary ALB, NAG, and plasma MDA, EFI were higher, and RBC-SOD was lower in patients with HAPC than those in healthy subjects, the changes were significantly obvious, with increasing altitude. Urinary ALB and NAG were negatively correlates to EFI, and no correlated to the content of MDA and RBC-SOD.CONCLUSIONS:EFI exertes an independent influence on urinary ALB and NAG. The decrease in erythrocyte deformability caused by the increase of peroxidation of lipids might participate in the pathogenesis and progress of the increase of excretive amount of ALB and NAG in HAPC.     

铁元素对农田人参丙二醛含量及防御酶活性的影响

[目的]研究Fe2＋对人参（Panax ginseng Meyer）叶中防御酶活性和丙二醛（MDA）含量的影响。[方法]采用叶面供Fe2＋的方法。试验共设5个处理,Fe2＋浓度分别为：0（对照）、0.005%、0.050%、0.500%、2.000%。[结果]随着供Fe2＋水平的升高,MDA含量先降低后升高,过氧化物酶（POD）活性呈持续上升趋势,过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性先升高后降低,超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性呈先升高后降低再升高的趋势。[结论]从生理角度揭示了铁元素在人参生长发育中的作用机理,为人参的合理施肥提供理论参考。     

Mechanisms for protection of berberine against LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice

AIM:To investigate the mechanisms by which berberine attenuates LPS-induced acute lung injury, and provide a new strategy for the treatment of the lung injury due to LPS. METHODS:BALB/c mice were randomly assigned into three groups (control, LPS group, and berberine treatment group). Mice were administered intragastrically with distilled water (0.1 mL/10 g) or neutral sulfate berberine (50 mg/kg) once a day for 3 days, 1 h after intragastrical treatment on day 3, LPS (20 mg/kg) or normal saline was injected intraperitoneally (ip). All animals were sacrificed 12 h after LPS injection, the left lung tissue sections were prepared for histology analysis and the right lung were used to determine the ratio of wet to dry lung tissue weight (W/D). In another experiment, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected, and then the total protein content, and the amounts of white blood cells (WBC) and polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) in BALF were determined. Furthermore, the phosphorylation of cytosolic phospholipase A₂ (cPLA₂) was detected with immunohistochemical analysis by using phospho-cPLA2(Ser505) antibody, and the contents of thromboxane B₂ (TXB₂) in BALF, malondialdehyde (MDA) in the lungs, and activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in lung tissues were also determined.RESULTS:LPS induced acute lung injury, activated cPLA₂, and increased TXB₂ content in the BALF and MDA level in the lung tissue. The pretreatment with berberine significantly attenuated lung injury, lung edema and protein leakage induced by intraperitoneal injection of LPS. The expression of phospho-cPLA₂ in the lung tissues and TXB₂ content in the BALF in the berberine treatment group were lower than those in LPS group (P<0.05). In addition, the content of MDA in the lung tissue was lower in the berberine treatment group than LPS group (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in activity of lung SOD between the berberine treatment and LPS group (P>0.05). CONCLUSION:Pretreatment with berberine remarkably reduces the LPS-induced lung injury, which is, at least in part, through inhibiting phosphorylation of cPLA₂ and decreasing lipid peroxidation. These findings provide a new strategy for the prevention and treatment of LPS-induced acute lung injury.     

Effect of DADLE on lung injury in rats with acute global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion

AIM：To observe the effects of δ opioid receptor agonist DADLE on acute lung injury (ALI) induced by acute global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats. METHODS：SD rats (n=30) were randomly divided into sham group, model (I/R) group and DADLE treatment group. Global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model was established by a modified 2-vessel occlusion plus hypotension. DADLE (5 mg/kg) treatment was performed via the left jugular injection before reperfusion. After 120-min reperfusion, the pathological changes of the lung tissues were observed under light microscope and electronic microscope. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) level were detected. The partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) was also measured. RESULTS：In I/R group, widened alveolar septum, capillary dilatation and congestion, endovascular and perivascular cells in the lung with neutrophil infiltration, and significantly reduced type II epithelial cell surface microvilli, alveolar lumen cavity and trachea with serous exudate were observed. SOD activity decreased, but the MDA level increased. Compared with I/R group, the SOD activity increased and MDA level decreased in DADLE treatment group, with significantly reduced lung congestion, the degree of lung injury, and the infiltration of neutrophils. Compared with I/R group, the PaO2 and oxygenation index in DADLE treatment group were increased. CONCLUSION：Various degrees of pulmonary injury were observed in acute global cerebral ischemia reperfusion model. DADLE might have a protective effect on lung tissues of ALI in rats.     

叶面喷施氮肥对油松生长及电导率、丙二醛含量的影响

研究了叶片喷施氮肥对油松生长及电导率、丙二醛含量的影响规律,以期为生产中确定适宜的喷施浓度提供理论依据。试验结果表明:所有喷肥处理株高均高于对照,其中1.60%处理处于最高值,9月份比对照提高了39.75%,差异显著;9月地径0.80%和1.60%处理分别比对照提高32.41%、52.78%,两个处理均显著高于对照;电导率和丙二醛含量1.60%处理最低,显著低于对照。综合分析认为,油松育苗中尿素喷施浓度以1.60%为宜。     

比色法测定鸭油中的丙二醛

利用丙二醛与硫代巴比妥酸在高温和酸性条件下能发生缩合反应生成粉红色产物三甲川来测定鸭油中酸败产生的丙二醛。本方法的加标回收率为87.0%~93.2%,检出限为0.02 mg/kg,可用于鸭油中丙二醛含量的测定。     

SO2对玉米幼苗POD、Pro和MDA的影响

本文采用室内水培及密闭箱静态熏气方法,研究了4个不同浓度（0mg/m3,10mg/m3,30mg/m3和90mg/m3）SO2对晋单51和农大108两个品种玉米幼苗过氧化物酶（POD）、脯氨酸（Pro）和丙二醛（MDA）的影响。研究结果表明,随着SO2浓度的升高,两种玉米幼苗的POD活性呈下降的趋势,且当SO2浓度为10mg/m3、30mg/m3和90mg/m3时POD活性分别降至对照的22.6%、18.9%和12.1%;而结果发现Pro含量随SO2浓度升高逐渐升高,且当SO2浓度与POD处理相同时脯氨酸含量分别上升至对照的195.0%、235.4%和496.5%,SO2浓度为90mg/m3时Pro含量最高,且不同浓度处理时农大108Pro含量均比晋单51高;然而,MDA含量随SO2浓度的升高呈先降低后逐渐升高的趋势,在90mg/m3处升至最高值为对照的310.6%,仍然是农大108MDA含量比晋单51高。因此研究显示低浓度SO2能使玉米幼苗适应胁迫,但高浓度SO2暴露会影响植物生长发育。     

干旱胁迫对柔枝松幼苗丙二醛含量的影响

[目的]探讨干旱胁迫对柔枝松(Pinus flexilis James.)幼苗丙二醛(MDA)含量的影响。[方法]采用硫代巴比妥酸(TBA)法,测定了6个柔枝松种源2年生苗(Ra、Rsi、Rs、Rg、Rsd和Rl)在干旱胁迫过程中的MDA含量。[结果]在整个干旱胁迫过程中种源Ra和Rsi的MDA含量变化较小,膜质受损程度较小,抵抗干旱的能力较强;种源Rs的MDA含量变化最大,膜质受损最严重,抵抗干旱的能力最弱。[结论]为柔枝松的抗旱机理研究提供了理论依据。     

Use of apigenin from Cordia dichotoma in the treatment of colitis

Cordia dichotoma f. (Boraginaceae) is a small deciduous tree from India. The bark of was used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) and colic pain traditionally hence present work was undertaken to identify the phytoconstituent responsible for this activity. Apigenin is isolated by column chromatography from methanol fraction of crude methanol extract of C. dichotoma bark. Structure of apigenin is established by various spectroscopic studies. Apigenin (5 mg/kg, p.o.) showed significant healing and reduction in inflammatory enzymes when screened for UC. It can be concluded that apigenin from C. dichotoma bark may be responsible for the treatment of UC.     

稀土对水分胁迫下小麦幼苗膜脂过氧化作用的影响

稀土元素能缓解水分胁迫下小麦幼苗叶片渗透势的降低,减少离子的渗漏,明显提高抗旱性.经过稀土处理的小麦幼苗,体内超氧物歧化酶和过氧化物酶活性减弱.抗旱品种比不抗旱品种膜脂过氧化程度低,丙二醛在叶片中积累减少,表现出明显的差异.