果树自交不亲和性的遗传与生理机制及其研究

在简要介绍植物（包括果树）自交不亲和性与生理控制机制的基础上，着重对梨、苹果、杏等果树自交不亲和性的研究进行了综述，内容包括花柱内花粉管生长特点、花柱S糖蛋白的特性与作用机理以及果树自交不亲和的分子生物学研究，并提出了该领域有待研究的问题。     

茉莉酸对苹果气孔运动及抗旱性的影响

50、75、100、150 mg／L JA处理苹果叶片表皮，使开放气孔的气孔开度分别减小27．4％、37．5％、56．9％和63．8％，使关闭后的气孔在光下开放时气孔开度分别减小15％、18％、28．8％、52．5％、61．3％；处理植株后干旱胁迫，叶片相对电导率分别降低15％、18％、31％、58％，脯氨酸含量分别提高0．09％、0．40％、0．42％、0．54 ng／gFW，可溶性糖含量分别提高1．89％、2．53％、3．80％、5．06％。25 mg／L JA处理与对照均无显著差别。JA的作用表现出明显的浓度效应。     

苹果梨花芽孕育期生长锥细胞超微结构的观察

利用透射电镜对苹果梨花芽孕育期芽内生长锥细胞进行了观察，结果显示，在花芽孕育形成的过程中，生长锥细胞的超微结构发生了一系列变化：蛋白体和脂类小滴逐渐增加；核外膜向外延伸到胞质中与内质网相连，其上分布的核糖体增多；线粒体和内质网数目丰富且分布均匀；核糖体大量游散在胞质中；质体呈浅裂，中央缢缩；微管分布于靠近质膜处等。以上超微结构的变化表现出细胞旺盛分裂和分化的特点，反映了花芽孕育过程中的细胞学特征。     

一种监测棉铃虫对Bt杀虫晶体蛋白抗性的技术

研究了以诊断试剂盒监测棉铃虫对苏云金杆菌(Bt)杀虫晶体蛋白(ICP)抗性的技术。将1日龄幼虫在含诊断剂量的饲料中(每毫升饲料含Bt ICP0.01mg)取食7天,以生长至3龄以上的个体作为抗性个体的判断指标;筛选出人工饲料中防腐剂剂量的最佳值为每350毫升饲料中含丙酸2.5ml。经对多个棉铃虫不同抗性种群的验证试验,证明诊断试剂盒检测抗性个体频率较为精确且应用简便。     

Evidence of diadromy in the French Polynesian Kuhlia malo (Teleostei: Percoidei) inferred from otolith microchemistry analysis

Abstract – Strontium/Calcium (Sr/Ca) and Barium/Calcium (Ba/Ca) ratios were measured in 60 otoliths of the French Polynesian flagtail Kuhlia malo. Both elemental ratios were needed to correctly distinguish residence in marine, brackish and fresh water. High Sr/Ca and low Ba/Ca around the nucleus of all otoliths provided evidence of marine residency during the early life of all individuals. At about 0.5 mm from the core, Ba/Ca increased rapidly and remained high in all otoliths. High and unstable Sr/Ca ratios were attributed to estuarine residency, whereas low and stable Sr/Ca ratios were attributed to freshwater residency. These chemical signatures inferred that following recruitment to rivers, some fish remained in the estuary, while others moved upstream. Some individuals shared their time between fresh and brackish waters later in life. The findings of this study have important implications for the protection of nearshore, brackish and freshwater environments for the conservation of this French Polynesian diadromous species.     

苏云金芽胞杆菌ICP基因工程菌的研究进展

综述了近年来国内外利用杀虫细菌苏云金杆菌ＩＣＰ基因构建工程菌，包括植物根际定居菌、植物疫苗、重组杀蚊蓝细菌和杆状病毒Ｂｔ重组菌等研究的历程及现状、成功的范例及存在问题．文中亦讨论了该研究领域的应用前景．     

森林经营方案实施效益计算机评价系统的研制与应用

本文论述“国营林场、采育场森林经营方案实施效益评价系统”的计算机程序设计思想以及程序实现的方法,介绍福建省来舟林业试验场及其森林经营方案概况,把各种量化的数据输入计算机,对该场森林经营方案实施效益进行了评价,并讨论分析了计算机输出的评价结果。     

Blackening of Diospyros genus xylem in connection with boron content

The amount of boron contained in the xylem of Japanese persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) and ebony (Diospyros ebenum Koen) was determined by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) emission spectrometry and a modified curcumin–acetic acid method. The boron content was compared between the heartwood and sapwood of ebony as well as between a blackened portion (“kurogaki”) and normal portion of Japanese persimmon. The kurogaki contained a higher level of boron than the normal portion of the same individual, although the boron content varied among individuals. Moreover, the boron content of the heartwood of ebony was much higher than that of the sapwood. These results suggest the participation of boron in the blackening of Japanese persimmon. Because both kurogaki and heartwood of ebony are durable to fungal attack, the blackening of Diospyros genus appears to be related to the formation of defensive substances in which boron seems to take part. The convenient curcumin–acetic acid method is an alternative to the ICP method with comparable accuracy.     

干法消解——等离子光谱法同时测定大米中的铜和镉

采用干灰化消解技术处理样品,用等离子光谱法（ICP—AES法）同时测定了大米中的铜和镉。实验结果表明：该法测定大米中的铜和镉与用国家标准方法测定结果基本一致,且该方法具有简便、快速、结果准确可靠的优点。     

化学调节剂诱导转Bt基因棉花杀虫蛋白和主要抗虫次生物的变化

初步探讨了水杨酸和缩节胺处理转 Bt基因棉花后顶端嫩叶中 Bt杀虫蛋白和主要抗虫次生物发生的变化。结果发现 ,水杨酸和缩节胺处理不能明显影响转 Bt基因棉花顶端嫩叶中 Bt杀虫蛋白的表达量 ;适宜浓度的水杨酸和缩节胺处理能够明显提高转 Bt基因棉花顶端嫩叶中缩合单宁和芸香苷的含量 ;适宜浓度的水杨酸处理还能够明显提高转 Bt基因棉花顶端嫩叶中总抗虫萜烯类物质的含量 ;而缩节胺处理对转 Bt基因棉花顶端嫩叶中总抗虫萜烯类物质的含量影响不大。水杨酸和缩节胺能够在一定程度诱导棉花抗虫次生物的表达