大豆高产理想株型的构成

根据大豆理想株型的概念，分析了大豆的主要生理性状和形态性状与产量的关系，并提出了大豆高产理想株型的合理构成，以期为大豆育种的田间选择和株型育种提供理论依据和实践指导。     

离子选择电极法测定NBPG与银、镉、汞的配合物组成和稳定常数

本文用离子选择电极法测定了N,N—二甲基膦酸基甘氨酸(NBPG)与银、镉、汞的配合物组成和稳定常数。结果表明,NBPG与Ag~ 、Cd~(2 )、Hg~(2 )均生成组成为1:1的多齿质子型配合物。其lgK_稳值分别为:AgL5.28、CdH_3L3.63、CdH_2L5.16、CdHL7.30、CdL11.56、HgH_3L6.06、HgH_2L7.55、HgHL8.24、HgL12.58。     

甘氨酸锌在动物生产中的应用研究

锌是动物体内的必需微量元素之一,在动物生长发育和健康方面起着关键作用。甘氨酸锌作为有机微量元素具有生物利用率高、减排环保等优势。综述了甘氨酸锌对动物的生长性能、繁殖性能、免疫能力及肠道健康的影响,探讨了动物对甘氨酸锌的需要量,旨在为动物生产中科学利用甘氨酸锌改善动物健康,促进动物生长提供理论依据。     

春大豆抗大豆花叶病毒病鉴定初报

1990年和1991年对127个已定型的春大豆株系的抗大豆花叶病毒病的抗性及产量进行了测定.其中高抗材料有51个,中抗材料19个.在高抗材料中,有7个株系比对照增产10%以上,是很有希望的新品系,有15个材料病指在1.0以下,但产量表现不突出,可作为抗源材料,根据不同地区同一品种抗性差异较大这一结果,抗性自然鉴定圃宜设在大豆病毒病重病区.     

紫花苜蓿甘氨酸脱羧酶H-蛋白基因MsGDC-H1功能分析

光呼吸通过清除2-磷酸乙醇酸（2-PG）使氧合光合作用成为可能,该过程对C₃植物至关重要。H-蛋白是光呼吸过程中将甘氨酸转化为丝氨酸的甘氨酸脱羧酶（GDC）的关键组成蛋白之一。本研究克隆了紫花苜蓿MsGDC-H1,该基因编码166个氨基酸,具有1个硫辛酰基附着位点保守结构域和1个N6-硫辛酰赖氨酸保守位点。进化分析表明,MsGDC-H1蛋白与双子叶植物的甘氨酸脱羧酶H-蛋白（GDC-H）亲缘关系近。表达模式分析表明,MsGDC-H1在苜蓿叶中表达丰度高,且受光诱导。为了探究MsGDC-H1基因对拟南芥生长的影响,分别使用光诱导的茎叶特异性启动子ST-LS1和组成型启动子CaMV 35S驱动MsGDC-H1（ST-LS1：：MsGDC-H1; CaMV 35S：：MsGDC-H1）在拟南芥中异源表达。检测过表达植株生物量、淀粉、可溶性糖含量以及光合速率。数据分析显示,CaMV 35S：：MsGDC-H1过表达拟南芥（G系列植株）生长受阻,淀粉含量比ST-LS1：：MsGDC-H1特异性表达拟南芥（GS系列植株）增加了34%~67%,比野生型（WT）增加了7.3%~33.7%;可溶性糖含量比GS系列降低了36%~38%,比WT增加了44.3%~49.7%;与WT相比,GS系列植株生长更快,淀粉含量无显著差异（P>0.05）,可溶性糖含量显著增加（P<0.05）。试验结果表明,MsGDC-H1基因在调控拟南芥光合速率、碳水化合物合成以及生长等方面发挥重要作用,未来可作为提高苜蓿产量的基因工程育种候选基因。     

Effect of glycine betaine, a feed attractant affecting growth and feed conversion of juvenile freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii

A feeding experiment was conducted to determine the effect of the feeding attractant, glycine betaine (betaine hydrochloride) on the growth and feed conversion of juveniles of Macrobrachium rosenbergii (deMan) (mean initial weight 1.12 g). Three types of diets were prepared with the incorporation of glycine betaine at 5, 10 and 15 g kg^?1 levels along with an unsupplemented control. After 60 days, weight gain, feed intake and food conversion ratio (FCR) were higher in prawn fed the three glycine betaine‐added diets compared with the control feed. Among the glycine betaine‐added diets, prawn fed glycine betaine at 5 g kg^?1 level showed highest weight gain (2.73 g) by registering 61.5% increase in growth over control and also higher feed intake (5.79 g) and good FCR (2.12). There were highly significant differences (P < 0.01) in weight gain, feed intake, per day growth and FCR among treatments. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in survival among treatments.     

Predation by scavenging amphipods to injured hatchery-raised juvenile Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus under laboratory conditions

ABSTRACT:   The attacking potential of the scavenging amphipod Scopelocheirus onagawae on artificially injured hatchery-raised Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus juveniles was investigated in relation to the degree of injury on the fish. All injured flounder juveniles were attacked by amphipods regardless of the degree of injury, while non-injured juveniles were not attacked. The attack by amphipods on the juveniles generally depended on the amount of glycine, a main feeding stimulant for the amphipod, released from the injury opening. The swimming ability of flounder juveniles was important to avoid the attack of amphipods. Furthermore, an area of injury allowing the amphipods to cling to the fish affects to the vulnerability of juveniles against the predation of amphipods. This study suggests that scavenging amphipods are potentially involved in the rapid reduction of the number of hatchery-raised juveniles.     

The Effect of Ivermectin on Convulsions in Rats Produced by Lidocaine and Strychnine

Ivermectin is one of the most commonly used drugs in pharmacotherapy of parasitic diseases in domestic and wild animals caused by parasitic nematodes and arthropods. However, ivermectin and other avermectins very often produce side-effects in hosts. The most dominant clinical symptom of ivermectin toxicity in domestic and wild animals is CNS depression. In nematodes, the target site of ivermectin’s action is glutamate-gated chloride-channel receptor and GABA receptor. The depressive effect of ivermectin in mammals might include more than one mechanism; therefore, the anticonvulsive effect of ivermectin against convulsions caused by lidocaine and strychnine was evaluated. Ivermectin antagonized lidocaine- and strychnine-induced convulsions in rats, although these have different mechanisms. In the present study, the anticonvulsive ED₅₀ of ivermectin for lidocaine-induced convulsions was 2.44 mg/kg (95% CL 1.67 to 3.57 mg/kg), whereas for convulsions induced by strychnine it was higher at 4.25 mg/kg (95% CL 2.32 to 3.78 mg/kg). At the same time, both anticonvulsive doses are significantly lower then the observed LD₅₀ of ivermectin (18.20 mg/kg). Furthermore, flumazenil (0.1 and 0.2 mg/kg), an antagonist of benzodiazepine receptors, antagonizes just one part of these anticonvulsive effects of ivermectin. Our results show the significant anticonvulsive properties of ivermectin and support the findings that ivermectin in the CNS of mammals produces multiple inhibitory effects, probably through participation in the function of GABA-sensitive and GABA-insensitive chloride channels.     

Inter‐specific variability in organic nitrogen uptake of three temperate grassland species

We tested the inter‐specific variability in the ability of three dominant grasses of temperate grasslands to take up organic nitrogen (N) in the form of amino acids in soils of differing fertility. Amino acid uptake was determined by injecting dual labeled glycine‐2‐¹³C‐¹⁵N into the soil, and then measuring the enrichment of both ¹³C and ¹⁵N in plant tissue after 50 hours. We found enrichment of both ¹³C and ¹⁵N in root and shoot material of all species in both soils, providing first evidence for direct uptake of glycine. We show that there was considerable inter‐specific variability in amino acid uptake in the low fertility soil. Here, direct uptake of amino acid was greater in the grass Agrostis capillaris, which typically dominates low fertility grassland, than Lolium perenne, which inhabits more fertile sites. Direct uptake of amino acid for Holcus lanatus. was intermediate between the above two species. Unlike in the low fertility soil, there was no difference in uptake of either ¹³C or ¹⁵N by grasses in the high fertility soil, where uptake of mineral N is thought to be the major mechanism of N uptake of these grasses. Overall, our findings may contribute to our understanding of differences in competitive interactions between grasses in soils of different fertility status.