一例奶牛皱胃溃疡伴低血钾综合征的临床治疗

2005年12月郑州牧业工程高等专科学校附属兽医院接诊了1例皱胃溃疡伴低血钾综合征的奶牛，该牛同时患有低血钙、酮病等。病情发展中患牛在血钾含量为2.28 mmol/L时四肢无力，卧地不起，通过补钾及综合治疗血钾升至3.45 mmol/L时又能自主站立，对皱胃溃疡采取消炎、抑制胃酸分泌、收敛止血等方法进行治疗。     

苦参碱对低钾致兔左心室流出道细胞电生理异常保护作用及其机制

目的探讨苦参碱对低钾致兔左心室流出道细胞电生理异常保护作用及其机制.方法应用常规玻璃微电极细胞内记录技术,观察正常灌流液、低钾灌流液、低钾＋苦参碱（50μmol/L）灌流液对兔左心室流出道慢反应自律细胞最大舒张电位（MDP）,动作电位0相幅值（APA）,50%复极化时间（APD50）,90%复极化时间（APD90）,4...     

What is your diagnosis? Abdominal mass aspirate in a cat with an increased Na:K ratio

Abstract: A 13‐year‐old domestic shorthair cat was presented for evaluation of pollakiuria. Laboratory abnormalities included mild hypercholesterolemia, moderate hypertriglyceridemia, and a mild increase in the Na:K ratio (43, reference interval 32–41). Abdominal ultrasonography revealed urinary calculi and a soft tissue mass between the right caudate liver lobe and the right kidney. Surgery was done to remove the cystic calculi, and aspirates of the mass were obtained. Cytologic specimens contained a population of large, round to angular cells with round nuclei, coarse irregularly stippled chromatin, 1–2 prominent round to angular nucleoli, and abundant pale basophilic cytoplasm distended by numerous well‐delineated vacuoles. Rare binucleated cells and micronuclei, and moderate anisocytosis, anisokaryosis, and anisonucleoleosis were noted. The cytologic interpretation was adrenal neoplasia, consistent with adrenal carcinoma. Approximately 4 months later, the cat developed vomiting, dehydration, weakness, and cervical ventroflexion. Serum biochemical alterations at that time included marked hypokalemia (2.4 mmol/L, reference interval 3.4–5.6 mmol/L) and a markedly increased Na:K ratio (65, reference interval 32–41). Mean systolic blood pressure was 205 mmHg. Surgical removal of the mass was accomplished via right adrenalectomy and a diagnosis of adrenal carcinoma was confirmed histologically. Plasma aldosterone concentration (measured preoperatively) was 1358 pmol/L (reference interval 194–388 pmol/L). Primary hyperaldosteronism caused by a functional adrenal carcinoma is an uncommon condition in cats.     

ST段抬高型急性心肌梗死患者早期血钾水平的检测及其临床意义

目的了解ST段抬高型急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者早期低钾血症的发生情况及其临床意义。方法对123例ST段抬高型AMI患者于入院时抽血测定血钾、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、肌钙蛋白I(cTnI),根据血钾水平分为低血钾组(血钾<3.5 mmol/L)和正常血钾组(血钾3.5~5.5 mmol/L),同时观察住院期间室性心动过速、心室颤动和猝死等严重不良事件的发生情况。结果低钾血症的总发生率为30.1%,下壁 后壁AMI的发生率较低(7.4%),明显低于前间壁和广泛前壁心肌梗死(P<0.01);发病至抽血时间≤3 h的低钾血症发生率为53.1%,明显高于发病时间>3 h者(P<0.01);低血钾组的CK和cTnI峰值明显高于正常血钾组(P<0.05或0.01);低血钾组总的严重不良事件发生率(32.9%)明显高于正常血钾组(10.8%)(P<0.01)。结论低钾血症与AMI患者的梗死时间、部位和面积有关,并严重影响患者的预后。     

Suspected Albuterol Intoxication In A Dog

A suspected case of intoxication of a dog by the beta₂-adrenergic agonist albuterol is discussed. Clinical abnormalities observed included hypokalemia, weakness, tachycardia, tachypnea, hyperthermia, and delirium. Treatment with high-dose potassium supplementation helped to resolve these abnormalities.
Adrenergic control of potassium homeostasis is beta₂-mediated and causes the intracellular uptake of potassium, primarily in liver and muscle. The mechanism of action of albuterol in decreasing serum potassium, its clinical applications in humans, and possible application in dogs are discussed.