管道对接环焊缝裂纹的防治措施

针对甬沪宁进口原油管道工程开工初期对接环焊缝常出现裂纹的现象,结合射线检测和解剖结果,对裂纹产生的位置和断口特征进行了具体分析.通过对下向焊焊接工艺和焊口的受力分析,解析出其产生裂纹的原因,提出了相应的防止对策.     

Grouping of banana clones based on genomic groups,ploidy, and seasons of planting for sucker production in Musa spp.

ABSTRACT

Sucker production of important clones belonging to different ploidy levels and genomic groups were assessed in three different planting seasons at Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur, India. The study revealed that morphological characters such as plant height, collar girth, and total number of leaves recorded very strong, significant, and positive correlation with sucker production characters but negative correlation was observed with average leaf production interval and bunch weight. The number of dead suckers was found to be positively correlated with plant height, collar girth, “D” leaf area, bunch weight, and average leaf production interval. In a cluster analysis, six banana varieties that were planted in different three seasons (18 entries) and their pooled data (6 entries) were grouped into four distinct clusters each. In factor/principle component analysis, the first three major factors/principle components amounted to a total of 85.9% of the variability. The communality values of the factor analysis revealed that collar girth was the major relative contributory trait for deciding the sucker yield and production in banana.

Abbreviations: EVS: Early vegetative stage; AVS: Active vegetative stage; FBI: Flower bud initiation; FBD: Flower bud differentiation; PCA: Principle component analysis; FA: Factor analysis     

Tailoring codend mesh size to improve the size selectivity of undifferentiated trawl species

Tiger flathead, Neoplatycephalus richardsoni (Castelnau), and sand flathead, Platycephalus bassensis Cuvier, are undifferentiated and managed with a common legal minimum length (LML). The Commonwealth Trawl Sector (CTS) and the Tasmanian Danish‐seine fishery (TDSF) use a minimum codend mesh sizes of 90 and 70 mm, respectively. The codend mesh size should be tailored to the LML, which is based on the length of first maturity of females (M₅₀). This study found the length–girth relationship of N. richardsoni and P. bassensis was not significantly different. Using the covered codend method, these two species had 50% retention lengths (L₅₀) of 294 ± 2 and 307 ± 3 mm, in 70‐mm and 90‐mm codends, respectively. L₅₀ estimates for mesh sizes from this study and others produced a curvilinear relationship: y = 120 ln(x) ? 214, with an r² of 0.8504. The size at maturity (M₅₀) for female N. richardsoni was 337 mm, which is larger than the estimate for female P. bassensis (247 mm). There is a mismatch between the estimates of L_50, the estimates of M₅₀ and the LMLs in each fishery, leading to suboptimal exploitation of female Platycephalus. The model produced in this paper recommends a codend mesh size of 98 mm for both fisheries to exploit Platycephalus species sustainably.     

管道计算机辅助断裂评定系统研究

管道断裂评定工作是管道系统安全运行的重要保证，应用计算机辅助手段进行油气管道断裂评定能够大大简化工程人员的工作，使断裂评定工作更趋科学化。重点分析了油气管道计算机辅助断裂评定系统的研究和开发，介绍了系统的设计原则、系统构成、总体设计、设计流程和系统的实现，并简要分析了系统评定过程及结果的可靠性，为管道断裂评定提供了科学依据。     

不同浓度赤霉素对白枪杆种子萌发的影响

通过配制不同浓度的赤霉素溶液处理白枪杆种子,人工气候箱培养40天,并对发芽八指标和芽长、根长、根粗等指标进行统计与分析。结果表明,(1)不同浓度赤霉素溶液对白枪杆种子发芽影响显著。200mg/L的赤霉素溶液能显著提高白枪杆种子的发芽率等指标。(2)不同浓度赤霉素溶液对白枪杆种子的芽长和根长影响不显著,但对根粗的影响极为显著(sig.=0.007<0.01)。经多重比较,200mg/L的赤霉素溶液能显著提高根粗,且优于其他处理。(3)通过对芽长、根长和根粗进行相关性分析,得到根长与芽长之间具有极显著的相关关系(sig.=0.000<0.01),根长与根粗具有显著的相关关系(sig.=0.019<0.05)。     

新一代超高清亚毫米级管道内检测技术的研发与应用

针对油气管道中普遍存在的环焊缝缺陷、类裂纹缺陷以及针孔小缺陷检测能力和识别率较低的难题,通过理论分析、建模仿真、设备研制、现场应用等环节,自主研发了新一代超高清管道漏磁内检测器.该检测器实现了探头通道间距0.6 mm、轴向采样间距1mm,满足海量数据存储和采集要求,信号数据采集量增加15倍,并将漏磁检测、变形检测及定位...     

Tensions used on girths on thoroughbred racehorses

OBJECTIVE: To determine commonly used girth tensions in Thoroughbred racehorses in the Melbourne metropolitan area. DESIGN: A prospective industry survey. METHODS: Strappers were instructed to tension girths, using the same saddle, under-saddle packing and girth, sufficiently to hold the saddle for racing. These tensions were continuously recorded by an in-line load cell in the girth. Seventeen strappers from five stables participated in the study, which was conducted on 91 horses. RESULTS: Resting girth tensions varied considerably. The mean tension on inhalation was 13 +/- 0.4 kg. Male strappers recorded higher tensions than females for all indices measured. Age and girth size of the horse did not significantly influence results. CONCLUSION: This study confirms that there is no standard for application of a girth and saddle in the Thoroughbred racing industry and the range of tensions applied was large. Strappers were unable to reliably apply the same tensions between horses. Values recorded at the extremes of the range seem inappropriate for racing conditions as low values would result in slippage of the saddle and higher values may result in girth galls and possible reduction in athletic performance. Further work is necessary to determine the point at which girth tension affects performance.