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食物安全的内涵、指标与评价方法综述 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
食物安全问题一直是国内外研究的热点。目前,全球食物安全面临严重挑战,前景并不乐观。作为世界上人口和食物消费最大的国家,中国的食物安全面临更大挑战,但对其认识学术界还存在争论。为了准确把握食物安全的内涵,科学评价中国食物安全的状况,首先分析了食物安全概念的演变,然后总结了评价食物安全状况的供需平衡指标、消费指标、营养指标、综合指标,以及评价粮食安全状况的常用指标。随着人民生活水平的提高,中国的食物结构发生了根本的改变,因此,今后食物安全的研究应由单纯的粮食安全转向包括所有食物种类的食物安全,内容应更注重食物综合保障能力及营养安全。 相似文献
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Flow alteration and thermal pollution depress modelled growth rates of an iconic riverine fish,the Murray cod Maccullochella peelii 下载免费PDF全文
Nick S. Whiterod Shaun N. Meredith Paul Humphries Bradford S. Sherman John D. Koehn Robyn J. Watts Brett A. Ingram Tom Ryan 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2018,27(3):686-698
The serial discontinuity concept (SDC) proposes that hypolimnetic‐releasing impoundments cause major disruptions to the naturally occurring physical, chemical and biological gradients of rivers but that this impact diminishes with distance downstream. Such a gradient in discharge, flow velocity and temperature regime occurs below a large hypolimnetic‐releasing impoundment, the Hume Dam, on the River Murray in south‐eastern Australia. To examine the effects of this disturbance gradient on a warm‐water large‐bodied freshwater fish, the Murray cod (Maccullochella peelii), a bioenergetics model was developed and calibrated to explore energy expended under differing water velocities and temperature regimes. Model simulations predicted negative growth of juveniles directly downstream of the impoundment, due largely to the energetic costs associated with active and, to a lesser extent, standard metabolism outweighing the achievable energetic gains through food consumption. As flow velocity and temperature regimes became more favourable downstream, so did the simulated growth of the species. It was not until +239 km downstream of the impoundment that the model predicted that flow velocity and temperature regimes were suitable for greater weight gains. The modelled growth responses of juvenile Murray cod are consistent with the predictions of the SDC, emphasising that changes in the bioenergetics of individuals are likely to be reflected in reduced growth rates under the changed flow velocity and temperature regimes imposed by disturbance gradients. This research represents a valuable step in the biological understanding of Murray cod within variable riverine environments and emphasises the urgency required to mitigate impacts associated with hypolimnetic impoundments. 相似文献
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Based on the perspective of ecological concept,this study first interpreted the background of ecological civilization construction,and combed the relationship between ecological concept and small town planning.Second,it expounded the ecological problems of natural resources,economic development,landscape system,social humanities and other aspects in the construction of contemporary small towns.According to the study,the construction of small towns based on the ecological concept should establish the concept of "ecology first",practice "multiple compliance",coordinate the relationship with other planning,make reasonable planning and design in the aspects of town scale,functional orientation,structural form,road traffic,landscape style and features,humanistic characteristics,and strengthen the implementation,supervision and management of planning.Finally,summary and outlook was made,hoping that the study will be of reference value and guidance to the planning and construction of small towns. 相似文献
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王磊 《信阳农业高等专科学校学报》2013,(3):32-34,40
以透析中西方隐私权观念差异为视角,分析中西方文化差异,并探究缩小中西交流中的文化差异的有效途径。 相似文献
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A developing method is given which based on object-oriented modeling techniques for management information systems.The modeling techniques,especially,from CDM to PDM conversion,make it possible that the method can be used for developing such management information systems which based on relational database.The result shows that it can raise the efficency of the system developing,improve the system tability,enhance the system maintenability. 相似文献
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