刚性暗管结构形式与排水性能关系的三维电模拟研究

作者选用电解液模型对农田排水暗管的五种结构处理进行了三维渗流测试，揭示了其渗流场的基本形态及势场变化规律，定性地描述了此五种暗管结构排水性能的优劣，同时采用能综合反映暗管排水性能的流量系数值，对不同结构在各种参数组合条件下的排水性能作了定量的分析对比，结合以往室内砂槽试验成果，提供了合理的暗管结构设计依据。此外，应用保角变换法求得了仅有纵缝和全管壁进水的两种结构的二维渗流量解析式，并通过对试验资料的统计分析和线性回归分析法推导出三维渗流量的近似计算式。     

管网中泵破坏瞬变流的数值模拟

建立了管网中泵破坏瞬变流的数值模拟，该模型考虑了泵破坏无量纲非线性边界条件，运用特征线法对方程进行了求解。经验证，证明模型是可靠的，可用于工程分析计算。     

微型自吸施涡管道泵的研制

针对市场要求，构思了一种新型结构的旋涡管道泵。文章了阐述其工作原理、自吸机理及水力设计方法，通过对样机20GL1.5-10-0.25试验结果进行分析，验证了该泵的设计方面的可取性和独到性。     

基于管道模型理论的树形结构分析

依据长白落叶松生物量标准地的调查数据,研究发现,在树冠以下,不同部位树干的断面积生长量基本相同;心材的形成(按颜色的不同区分)在同一年轮内是由上向下的渐变过程。在树冠内,树干边材断面积生长量与其上部的枝条边材断面积生长量大致相等。但这一关系受到树木直立及叶片空间伸展的静力学需求的制约,即树形结构是树木生理需求和力学需求的统一。     

Localization of denitrification activity in macropores of a riparian wetland

Soil structure heterogeneity in the form of macropores and preferential flow channels can complicate efforts to quantify the physical and biological characteristics of wetland systems. We collected soil cores from two riparian wetlands to determine whether soil associated with macropores had elevated denitrification potentials compared to bulk soil from the same core. Cores were inspected for obvious macropores, which were distinguished as visible holes in the core, sometimes with decaying root matter, or as highly unconsolidated layers that appeared to have a substantially lower bulk density than the surrounding soil. Denitrification potentials were significantly higher in pores (P<0.05) for six of the 16 cores that were obtained from the Cheraw State Park site. In cores obtained from a second site, denitrification potentials were significantly higher in pores for six of 20 cores and the trend of higher denitrification in pores was present in the majority of cores that had measurable activity. In cores with significant differences, denitrification was often 1-2 orders of magnitude greater in soil surrounding the macropore than in the bulk soil. Denitrification potentials of the bulk soils were similar in magnitude to the potentials measured in composited cores from previous studies. It is possible that the difference between macropore and bulk denitrification rates developed due to preferential flow of nitrate-rich water through the macropores. Previous work showed that water entering these riparian systems in groundwater and storm runoff had elevated levels of NO₃⁻.     

常压列管式灭菌器研究

以对流换热理论为依据,对常压列管式灭菌器的结构、传热方式、换热系的计算及其设计进行了讨论和研究。这种灭菌器中的传热热阻主要发生在列管内壁与被加热物料之间的对流中。对牛奶等含水率大于85％的流体食品物料,其部分热物性参数可参照水的相应参数的变化规律推断计算。对其它物性参数可视其随温度或其它条件变化规律推算,以便在灭菌温度下物料物性参数未知的条件下进行有关的换热计算。其结果用经验数据和实验分别进行验算和验证是可靠、可行的,可在有关食品物料的热计算中推广应用。     

住宅楼卫生间暖卫管道根部渗漏原因分析及其防治

本文分析了住宅楼卫生间暖卫管渗漏的原因:管道孔洞未预留或预留的位置不当:管洞堵塞质量低劣:不重视堵塞管洞的支模材料。对此渗漏应采取的防治办法:正确预留管道孔洞:重视堵洞材料和堵洞质量:扣强对防水层和地漏排水的施工管理:在管道四周做馒头状档水台。     

电化学机械加工在碳钢管内孔光整中的应用

结合电化学机械加工特点,针对碳钢管内孔原始表面质量现状,基于适度强化机械作用的设想,试验分析了电化学机械加工主要工艺参数对碳钢管内孔光整效果的影响;验证了表面毛化对光整效果及生产率的提高是有益的;并在此基础上实现了碳钢管内孔表面的光整,使其表面粗糙度达到0．2μm以内。     

封闭式管道栽培番茄新技术节水性研究

为研究新型全封闭式管道栽培模式对番茄品质、产量以及水肥利用率的效果,以‘欧官’番茄为试验材料,研究全封闭管道栽培与膜下滴灌土壤栽培2 种栽培模式对番茄植株生长、果实品质和产量、耗水量以及水分利用效率等方面的影响。结果表明,与膜下滴灌土培番茄相比全封闭管道栽培不仅促进了番茄植株株高、茎粗,而且提高了番茄果实中可溶性糖、维生素C以及糖酸比,提高了番茄果实的风味,增加了产量;在对番茄前四穗果的测产中,全封闭管道栽培模式比膜下滴灌土培高产15.0%,耗水量相应减少764.0 m3/hm2,水分利用效率提高了49.3%。     

假蒟的研究进展

综述国内外在假蒟提取物的化学成分、药理活性如抑菌、杀虫、化感、驱避、抗氧化作用等研究进展,旨在为假蒟作为饲料添加剂在畜禽养殖业中的开发利用提供科学依据。