Pt100铂热电阻在雨花茶精揉机温度控制中的应用

从铂热电阻非平衡电桥测温原理出发,分析了雨花茶精揉机揉锅温度测量与控制系统在温度信号采集过程中引入的非线性误差,提出了以Pt100铂热电阻和AT89S52单片机为核心的软件非线性补偿方案,给出了系统硬件结构图和软件设计流程图。实验结果表明该方案简便有效,能够提高温度控制系统性能。     

离子交换伏安法测定人发中痕量镉的研究

报道了一种测定痕量镉的电化学分析方法。在 pH 4.0 0的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中 ,镉离子在钠型蒙脱石修饰玻碳电极上通过离子交换有十分灵敏的阳极溶出峰 ,且峰高与镉的含量相关。据此建立了测定痕量镉离子的方法 ,优化了各种试验条件 ,如支持电解质的选择、pH值的影响、修饰剂的用量、富集电位及时间、以及扫描速率。该方法测定镉时线性范围为 8×1 0 - 9～ 2× 1 0 - 6 mol/L ,检出限为 1× 1 0 - 9mol/L。方法简便、快速 ,灵敏度高。用此法测定了人发样品中的镉离子含量 ,结果令人满意。     

Oesophageal electrocardiography in healthy horses

Reasons for performing study: In human medicine, oesophageal electrocardiography (ECG) is a well‐established technique that magnifies P waves with respect to the QRS complex. Objectives: To investigate the feasibility of oesophageal ECG recording in horses and its ability to produce larger P waves compared with base‐apex and unipolar recordings. Methods: Bipolar and unipolar ECG were performed using oesophageal and surface electrodes. Oesophageal ECG was obtained from 6 different recording configurations at different oesophageal depths. Amplitudes of P, Q, R, S and T waves were measured from 3 different cardiac cycles for each recording configuration and depth. Results: Oesophageal ECG was feasible in all horses. For all oesophageal recording configurations, significantly larger P waves were recorded from a depth that equalled ‘height of the withers + 10 cm’ (HW₊₁₀) than from any other depth. P/QRS_magn, the ratio between the P wave and QRS complex magnitudes, was largest for intraoesophageal recordings with an interelectrode distance of 10 cm, at HW₊₁₀, where it was significantly larger than base‐apex and unipolar recordings. Base‐apex recording resulted in significantly smaller P waves than all other recording configurations and significantly smaller P/QRS_magn ratios than all other recording configurations except one combined oesophageal‐surface recording (E/S_low). Conclusions: Oesophageal ECG recording is feasible in horses and effective in magnifying P wave amplitude. Potential relevance: The procedure is promising for diagnosis of supraventricular tachydysrhythmias and might be used in electrophysiological studies and for cardiac pacing.     

不同电极排列方式介电分选种子试验

为检验介电分选装置中电极排列方式对种子分选效果的影响,在同一个分选滚筒上布置轴向和圆周两种电极排列方式。采用等间距区间分组,统计不同试验条件下各区间内落入种子频数,并对种子分选后的分布进行了检验。试验结果表明,与圆周排列电极分选相比较,电极轴向排列时种子的脱落角大,并且种子分布样本标准差大,有利于将不同质量的种子分散开,有利于种子分选;落地种子分布符合正态分布,分选种子试验的重复性好,分选过程中种子相互碰撞明显减少,有利于区分不同级别的种子。试验研究结果为种子介电分选装置的设计提供了理论依据。     

便携式猪肉阻抗谱检测系统研制

基于生物阻抗谱检测原理,设计并实现了一个非破坏性的便携式肉品阻抗谱检测系统,主要包括信号发生单元和检测单元,信号源能够在0.1～250 kHz范围内自动扫频,检测单元由检测电极和增益、相位检测器构成。探讨了检测电极设计方案,比较分析了六钢针电极和四针石墨电极的性能,同时通过试验证明了系统的稳定性,1 kHz以上系统的变异系数CV＜6%;以组内相关系数ICC来评定在不同温度下系统的可靠性,系统模型中Ri、Re、C的ICC均大于65%,系统稳定可靠。选取猪肉样品进行了新鲜度指标与阻抗谱关系的初步研究,结果表明随着猪肉新鲜程度改变,猪肉复阻抗值、复阻抗实部值、复阻抗虚部值以及特征频率都表现出减小的趋势。     

不溶性草酸氧化酶的包埋及草酸快速检测方法研究

通过研究不溶性草酸氧化酶包埋方法和草酸快速检测方法,建立氧电极法测定草酸的便捷体系。以大麦麸皮为原料制备不溶性草酸氧化酶,采用5%的琼脂糖包埋,检测包埋酶的稳定性和抗离子干扰能力;以包埋酶为工具酶,通过氧电极法检测草酸含量。试验结果表明:包埋酶连续反应2 h酶活性下降低于5%,贮存30 d活性下降低于8%;草酸检测线性范围0.1～0.8mmol/L,外标法草酸回收率为83%～97%。用氧电极法与显色法测定小麦草酸含量,两种方法的测定值无显著性差异。但氧电极法测定耗时短,反应体系简单,易于推广应用。     

频率及电压对高压脉冲电场提高陈年棉种活力的影响

为研究不同频率脉冲电场对陈年棉种活力的影响,该文利用高压脉冲电源和弧形电极-平板组成的电场系统在极间距离为50 mm、电压分别为16和20 kV条件下对陈年棉种在不同频率(1、5、10、20、50 Hz)下进行了电场处理,处理时间为40 s。结果发现,频率为10 Hz时,陈年棉种的发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数等指标与不做电场处理对照相比都有明显提高,且都达到极显著差异(P0.01),16比20 kV条件下的处理效果更好,达到显著性差异(P0.05)。试验结果表明,电场频率对棉种活力指标的影响是存在的,且对各指标的影响趋势是一致的,即在一定处理条件下(电场强度与处理时间)可以找到一个较优频率范围,对种子活力提高达到最大,且该试验研究结果能够为后续种子电场处理提供参考。     

Salt bridge for field redox potential measurements

Abstract

Conventional redox potential measurements in the field frequently become erratic during the summer season due to low moisture contents in the surface soil. A KCl‐salt bridge which circumvents this problem was designed for in situ, long‐term, nondestructive redox determinations in the subsoil. Measurements are rapid, and redox values are not affected by the use of the salt bridge, irrespective of depth of measurement.     

电极-SBBR对集中型沼液的脱氮除铜研究

为了处理集中型沼液中过高的氨氮和由饲料添加剂带入的铜,将电极生物膜法与序批式生物膜反应器(SBBR)工艺的优势进行互补,构建电极-SBBR耦合新工艺,以同时去除氮与铜。通过实验室配水与沼液试验,探讨了电极-SBBR体系同步脱氮除铜的工艺参数及其效果。结果表明,集中型沼液电极-SBBR体系的操作工序为:进水→厌氧→曝气→缺氧/厌氧→出水→闲置,运行参数为:水力停留时间7.0h,厌氧0.5h、曝气4.0h、缺氧/厌氧2.5h;电流30～60mA,溶解氧(DO)4.0～5.0mg/L,碳氮比(C/N)>10.0。电极-SBBR体系对沼液中全氮(TN)、Cu2+、化学耗氧量(COD)的去除率分别达到45.79%、86.53%和84.86%,可以作为沼液脱氮除铜的新工艺。     

酶电极表面特征对电极性能的影响

酶电极作为生物传感器已广泛应用于生命科学、化学等领域.本文通过对酶电极表面特征的研究,发现有:透析膜增加酶电极的稳定性;酶电极的感应时间同真实表面三种界面能态有关;直接涂酶层电极感应时间短等特性.