Blue light alters infection by Penicillium digitatum in tangerines

The effect of blue light exposure on Penicillium digitatum infection of tangerines during postharvest storage was investigated. In citrus, P. digitatum is one of the most important fungi causing diseases that result in postharvest loss. There is increasing interest in development of environmentally sustainable and consumer-friendly strategies of decay control. Strategies based on a plant's immunity can minimize pathogen infection of fruit. Light signalling affects plant-pathogen interactions and blue light may modulate phospholipase activation, a key step in plant immune responses. Exposure of fruit to 410-540 nm blue light at a fluency of 40 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ reduced infection by P. digitatum and induced phospholipase A₂ (PLA₂) gene expression. Inhibition of PLA₂ activity allowed infection, whereas inhibition of phospholipase D (PLD) expression by 580-670 nm red light at the same fluency was correlated with infection. These data strongly suggest that induction of lipid signalling by light reduces fungal colonization by P. digitatum in citrus fruit.     

外源乙烯与脱落酸对牡丹切花衰老进程的影响

通过对胡红牡丹切花施加外源乙烯、脱落酸(ABA)及相应抑制剂,研究了乙烯、ABA与牡丹切花衰老的关系,探讨了乙烯、ABA对切花衰老的调控机理。结果表明,100 mg/L外源乙烯、1 mmol/L ABA均可以明显加速牡丹切花的衰老进程1,mmol/L STS作为乙烯信号转导途径抑制剂可明显延缓切花衰老进程,磷脂酶D(PLD)特异性抑制剂——1-丁醇(1%)可延缓牡丹切花的衰老进程,PLD途径在ABA诱导衰老的信号转导中起重要作用。研究表明,乙烯和ABA信号途径是调控牡丹切花衰老进程中两个重要支路,可共同调控牡丹切花衰老进程,为进一步阐明牡丹花衰老调控机制,克隆牡丹衰老控制基因,培育出长花期牡丹品种奠定了基础;同时为牡丹切花保鲜制剂研究提供了理论依据。     

Effect of polidatin on the activity of phospholipase A2and pulmonary structural remodeling in rats with hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension

AIM: To study the relationship between the activity of phospholipase A₂ (PLA₂) and pulmonary structural remodeling with the model of chronic isobaric hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. METHODS: 29 healthy Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal control group, chronic hypoxic group and hypoxia plus Polidatin (PD) group. By diameter, the arteries were divided into two groups: arteries of group I (30 μm-100 μm) and group II (101 μm-200μm). The mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) was measured by inserting a microcatheter into the pulmonary artery. The PLA₂ activity was measured with modified microtitrimetic method. The pulmonary tissue and arterioles morphology changes were examined under light microscope. RESULTS: It was found that after 21 days hypoxia, the mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP), the PLA₂ activity in blood and lung homogenate increased significantly. The media thickness of group I arteries increased (P<0.01) while that of group II arteries had no significant changes. The ratio of media area and adventitia of both groups was raised. Under light microscope, it was observed that pulmonary vascular endothelium proliferated, media became thickening and adventitia matrix increased. Pretreatment with PD could attenuate the changes mentioned above. CONCLUSION:PLA₂ plays an important inducing role through promotion of the pulmonary vascular structural remodeling in the formation of chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension.     

海蜇(Rhopilema esculentum)磷脂酶A2基因的cDNA、基因组克隆与表达分析

本研究利用RACE和RT-PCR技术克隆了海蜇(Rhopilema esculentum)磷脂酶A2基因(Re-PLA2-1)的cDNA及基因组序列,并分析了其mRNA在海蜇不同发育阶段的表达.Re-PLA2-1基因的cDNA全长为824 bp,包括了48 bp的5'非编码区、504 bp的开放阅读框及272 bp的3'非翻译区.SMART分析显示,Re-PLA2-1为分泌蛋白,包括了一个由19个氨基酸组成的信号肽和一个由118个氨基酸组成的磷脂酶A2结构域.多序列比对和系统进化分析显示,Re-PLA2-1基因与来自星状海葵(Nematostella vectensis)、僧袍芋螺(Conus magus)、长牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas)等磷脂酶A2的相似性较高,共同聚类为pfam09056 GIX PLA2分支,均包含pfam09056家族成员酶活性所必需的Ca2+结合位点、活性催化位点和PLA2结构域所必需形成二硫键的半胱氨酸.Re-PLA2-1基因组全长为2671 bp,由4个外显子和3个内含子组成.RT-PCR结果显示,Re-PLA2-1基因在海蜇4个发育阶段均有表达,其中,横裂体阶段的表达量最高,碟状体阶段最低.这些研究结果为进一步了解海蜇磷脂酶A2毒素的生物功能奠定了基础.     

The relationship between the activity of phospholipase A2 and chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension

AIM:To study the relationship between the activity of phospholipase A₂ (PLA₂) and chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. METHODS:29 healthy SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group, chronic hypoxic group and hypoxia plus Polidatin (PD) group. The model of rat chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension was made by method of intermittent isobaric hypoxia for 21 days. The mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) was measured by inserting a microcatheter into the pulmonary artery. RESULTS:After exposing hypoxia for 21 days, the mPAP, R/L+S, the PLA₂ activity, TXB₂, MDA in plasma and lung homogenate increased significantly, while 6-k-PGF_1α, SOD decreased significantly. Pretreatment with PD could relieve the changes mentioned above.CONCLUSION:PLA₂ plays an important inducing role through its metabolic products and the interactional radicals in the formation of chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension.     

Effects of olaquindox on PLA2 activity and phospholipid metabolism of biomembrane in chicks

AIM: To study the effect of olaquindox on phospholipase A₂ (PLA₂) activity and phospholipid metabolism in biomembrane.METHODS: 150 healthy avin chicks were divided into normal control group and olquindox group.The two groups were fed with same feedstuff without olaquindox.The animals in olquindox group were fed with olquindox at dose of 15mg/kg body weight everyday.The experimental period lasted six weeks.Every week 6 vein blood samples were collected randomly from every group for preparing erythrocyte membrane (ECM) and hepatic mitochondria membrane (MiM).RESULTS: PLA₂ activities of ECM and MiM in olquindox group were significant higher than those in control group from 3 to 6 weeks of experiment (P<0.05，P<0.01).The level of major membrane phospholipids in olquindox group was lower than that in control group (P<0.05,P<0.01).CONCLUSION: Olaquindox affects PLA₂ activity and major phospholipid concentration in ECM and MiM,indicating that olaquindox may induce biomembrane injury.     

全国设施蔬菜生产可持续发展学术研讨会在沈阳召开

会议由中国园艺学会主办 ,中国农业工程学会设施园艺工程专业委员会协办 ,沈阳农业大学园艺系承办 ,于 2 0 0 0年 4月 19日至 2 2日在沈阳农业大学召开。来自我国 13个省、自治区、直辖市的与会代表共 78人 ,会议论文 4 3篇 ,由沈阳农业大学学报专刊发表。经承办单位和与会者努力 ,会议圆满成功。开幕式由中国园艺学会副理事长李树德研究员主持 ,辽宁省科技厅、农业厅、沈阳市副食品局、沈阳农业大学的领导到会祝贺并发表讲话。会议就确定的主题进行了大会发言 ,小组讨论及现场考察。代表们欣喜地看到 ,近 2 0年来我国蔬菜设施生产迅猛发展 …