何刚德《抚郡农产考略》农业经济思想初探

《抚郡农产考略》是清末江西有代表性的农学著作,不仅保存有抚州地区大量农产种类、栽培与加工技术等资料,还包含了大量的商品经济信息。作者何刚德已经认识到自给自足的自然经济会对生产有束缚作用,他在记载各类农产品时,提出“价值”的概念且用货币价格对其衡量,并深入揭示了农产品上市时间、供求、地理、交通条件等因素对价格的影响,进而寻求增值之道。何氏提倡多种经营,大力种植棉花、烟叶等经济作物,发挥柑橘、甘蔗等名优特产优势,促进农业的商品化生产。他还建议通过深加工的方式获取更高利润,并对未能引进西方的先进加工技术而感到惋惜。《抚郡农产考略》体现了中国近代官僚知识分子对农业经济转型的探索,具有重要的历史价值与现实意义。     

复合阻燃剂对杨木胶合板性能的影响

研究以硼酸、磷酸、氯化铵和锰化物为主要成分制备多元素复合阻燃剂,用浸渍法处理杨木单板并压制成胶合板,检测胶合板各项性能。结果表明:该阻燃剂对胶合板的阻燃性能有积极影响,其中热释放速率(HRR)降低26.32%,总释放热(THR)降低90.04%,总烟释放量(TSR)降低68.40%,同时胶合板的甲醛释放量降低了14.82%,说明该阻燃剂不仅有良好的阻燃效果和抑烟效果,还具有一定的甲醛捕捉能力。该阻燃剂对胶合板力学性能有一定的负面影响,板材胶合强度、弹性模量、静曲强度均有一定程度降低,但仍能达到GB/T 9846-2015《普通胶合板》标准要求。     

甜樱桃光合作用研究进展

作者综述了甜樱桃光合作用的基本特性,以及甜樱桃品种间的差异、叶片内部叶绿素含量、不同节位、不同冠层、环境条件(光照、温度、水分和空气)等内、外因素对甜樱桃光合作用的影响,并对今后甜樱桃光合作用研究进行了展望,旨为甜樱桃科研与生产提供参考。     

豚草粗提物对杨树水泡型溃疡病的抑菌作用研究

为解决豚草提取物在林业病虫害防治中的推广与应用问题,以豚草叶片为试验材料,采用温浸-超声波联合提取法提取抑菌活性物质,并开展其对杨树水泡型溃疡病病原菌的室内外抑菌试验。室内抑菌试验表明,粗提物浓度为16 mg/mL时,抑菌率达到73.62%;林间防治试验表明,最小抑菌浓度为 40 mg/mL,抑菌率达到95.14%。通过以上抑菌试验确定豚草粗提物对杨树水泡型溃疡病有较好的抑制效果。     

新型冬暖式日光温室的研究

针对普通型日光温室存在的主要缺陷 ,对普通型日光温室进行了改良研究 ,设计出一种能够克服普通型日光温室缺点的新型冬暖式温室 ,经过试验、示范 ,达到了降低造价、增加有效使用面积、增强保温效果、提高经济效益的目的     

中南林学院竹类研究及其竹产品开发

竹林是世界上第二大森林，它不仅再生能力强，生长迅速、成材期短、产量高，而且具有一次造林永续利用等优点，是当今保护生态环境、退耕还林（草）首选的林种。通过近些年的研究发现，它的价值不仅仅体现在山区绿化和水土保持，而且从传统的编筐织席到现在的竹、木复合板材的加工利用以及与竹笋等有关的食品、饮料的综合开发，它已经成为不少地区广大林农的一大经济支柱和经济来源。     

基因打靶备乳腺生物反应器研究进展

基因打靶技术是建立在胚胎干细胞和同源重组技术之上,可对基因组进行定点修饰的实验方法。用基因打靶技术制备乳腺生物反应器,克服了显微注射法的众多缺陷。本文简述了制备乳腺生物反应器过程中基因打靶的策略、靶细胞、打靶位点及国内外研究进展和展望等。     

河南省杨树材种出材率表的研编

用削度方程和单株带皮—去皮胸径的转换关系式两个模型对河南省杨树进行计算机理论造材．经精度检验，满足要求，方法可行，依此编制了河南省杨树材种出材率表。     

Key issues and research priorities in landscape ecology: An idiosyncratic synthesis

Landscape ecology has made tremendous progress in recent decades, but as a rapidly developing discipline it is faced with new problems and challenges. To identify the key issues and research priorities in landscape ecology, a special session entitled “Top 10 List for Landscape Ecology in the 21st Century” was organized at the 16th Annual Symposium of the US Regional Association of International Association of Landscape Ecology, held at Arizona State University (Tempe, Arizona, USA) during April 25–29, 2001. A group of leading landscape ecologists were invited to present their views. This paper is intended to be a synthesis, but not necessarily a consensus, of the special session. We have organized the diverse and wide-ranging perspectives into six general key issues and 10 priority research topics. The key issues are: (1) interdisciplinarity or transdisciplinarity, (2) integration between basic research and applications,(3) Conceptual and theoretical development, (4) education and training, (5)international scholarly communication and collaborations, and (6) outreach and communication with the public and decision makers. The top 10 research topics are: (1) ecological flows in landscape mosaics, (2) causes, processes, and consequences of land use and land cover change, (3) nonlinear dynamics and landscape complexity, (4) scaling, (5) methodological development, (6) relating landscape metrics to ecological processes, (7) integrating humans and their activities into landscape ecology, (8) optimization of landscape pattern, (9)landscape sustainability, and (10) data acquisition and accuracy assessment. We emphasize that, although this synthesis was based on the presentations at the“Top 10 List” session, it is not a document that has been agreed upon by each and every participant. Rather, we believe that it is reflective of the broad-scale vision of the collective as to where landscape ecology is now and where it may be going in future. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

果树转基因研究进展与产业化展望

综合有关文献归纳了15年来果树转基因研究成果,其中包括:(1)已实现转基因的果树种类,目前世界和我国的大宗水果苹果、柑橘、梨、桃、葡萄、香蕉、猕猴桃和草莓等均已成功实现遗传转化;(2)通过转基因改变的农艺学性状类型,如抗病虫、抗逆、提高果实贮藏性能、缩短童期和改善果实品质等;(3)对几个重要的遗传转化研究实例作了具体介绍。同时还阐述了转基因果树产业化现状和大田试验现状,探讨了转基因果树产业化进程滞后的原因和发展前景以及促进果树产业化发展可采取的一些策略。