Decolorization of kraft pulp bleaching effluent by a newly isolated fungus, Geotrichum candidum Dec 1

Kraft pulp bleaching effluent supplemented with glucose was decolorized by a newly isolated fungusGeotrichum candidum Dec 1 (Dec 1) that showed a wide decolorizing spectrum to synthetic dyes. When the glucose concentration in the effluent was 30 g/l, the color removal and the reduction of absorbable organic halogens were 78% and 43% after 7 days culture, respectively. The average molecular weight of colored substances measured by gel filtration chromatography was lowered to less than 3000 from 5600 after 7 days culture. As the contribution of extracellular enzymes such as peroxidase (DyP), manganese peroxidase, and laccase to the decolorization of the kraft pulp bleaching effluent was small, Dec 1 appears to have a different mechanism of decolorizing kraft pulp bleaching effluent when compared with enzymes used to decolorize synthetic dyes.     

山苍籽核仁油脱色试验

利用活性炭和双氧水对山苍籽核仁油进行脱色试验，结果表明：活性炭用量3％，脱色时间20min，脱色温度110℃；双氧水用量15％，脱色时间75min，脱色温度100℃为最佳试验组合，并可得色泽为铁钴12号的精制核仁油，接近椰子油。     

超声强化糖汁电絮凝脱色的研究

[目的]探讨超声波对糖汁电絮凝脱色的强化作用。[方法]用赤砂糖和蒸馏水以15∶85的质量比制备浓度在15°Bx左右糖汁,考察了糖汁电解后静置絮凝沉降、糖汁电解后超声处理、超声波协同糖汁电解处理对糖汁脱色效果的影响。[结果]糖汁电解处理后静置絮凝沉降50 min时,脱色率为39.8%;而电解6 min后即进行超声强化絮凝沉降,在超声功率为195 W,时间为120 s时,脱色率达到36%,大大缩短了絮凝沉降时间;在超声功率97.5 W条件下,超声波协同糖汁电解处理6 min,糖汁脱色率为32.7%,高于单独电解处理下的脱色率(27.9%)。[结论]超声波能够促进电解后糖汁絮凝沉降过程,还能强化糖汁的电解反应过程。     

L-色氨酸发酵液的活性炭脱色工艺研究

采用活性炭对L-色氨酸发酵液的脱色工艺进行研究。通过单因素试验考察了活性炭用量、脱色时间、温度、pH值对脱色率和吸附率的影响,并通过正交试验对脱色条件进行优化,得出最佳的脱色工艺:活性炭用量0.5%,pH2.0,室温,脱色时间20min。     

香菇废菌棒多糖树脂脱色工艺研究

[目的]利用大孔树脂对香菇废菌棒粗多糖进行脱色。[方法]以香菇废菌棒为材料,以脱色率和多糖损耗率为考察指标,比较6种大孔树脂在香菇废菌棒脱色方面的性能,并选择脱色效果最佳的树脂进行单因素试验。[结果]研究表明,717型阴离子树脂对香菇废菌棒的脱色效果最佳,其最佳的脱色工艺为:717型树脂用量6%,脱色时间3 h,pH 3,脱色温度40℃,在此条件下,香菇废菌棒的脱色率为82.07%,多糖损耗率为12.63%。[结论]研究可为香菇废菌棒多糖的理论研究及工业化提取中的脱色操作提供理论依据。     

白腐菌对简单混合染料的脱色

选取8株白腐菌分别与偶氮类染料刚果红和三苯甲烷类染料结晶紫共培养5d,进行脱色菌种筛选,发现白干酪菌和白耙齿菌对刚果红的脱色率均达到99%,血红密孔菌对结晶紫的脱色率达到90.62%.结合木素氧化酶系定性检测的结果,证明在相同培养条件下,漆酶活性是影响染料脱色率的主要因素;在振荡培养方式下菌种对染料的脱色率高于静置培养;利用筛选出的高效脱 色菌对简单混合染料进行脱色试验,同样达到了很好的效果,表明单一菌种的脱色效果要好于混合菌种.     

木薯酒精废水脱色菌的筛选及脱色条件研究

[目的]筛选出高效的木薯酒精废水脱色菌,并探索其最佳脱色条件。[方法]分别从华南理工大学环境学院、猎德污水处理厂取得污泥,经过分离纯化和初步筛选,得到对木薯酒精废水具有脱色作用、且脱色效果稳定的1株菌株,并通过单因素试验研究以其作为出发菌的最佳脱色条件。[结果]分离纯化和初步筛选结果表明,猎德污水处理厂的9号菌脱色效率最高,为20.3%;以9号菌作为出发菌的脱色单因素试验结果表明,9号菌的最佳接种和脱色时间分别为16 h和24 h;9号菌最佳脱色条件为：以葡萄糖为外加碳源,以NaNO2为外加氮源,好氧条件,温度30℃;在该最佳条件下,其脱色能力达29.6%。[结论]单一菌种的脱色能力有限,该研究为获得脱色能力较好的复合菌群奠定了基础。     

食用菌苎麻骨培养物对活性艳红X-3B染料脱色研究

[目的]研究食用菌苎麻骨培养物对活性艳红X-3B染料的脱色效果。[方法]将香菇、平菇和金针菇3种常见食用菌株接种至苎麻骨培养基上培养,研究培养物对50 mg/L活性艳红X-3B溶液的降解脱色效果。[结果]香菇培养物处理3 h对染料溶液脱色率可达92.17%,平菇培养物处理3 h对其脱色率可达72.40%。此外,香菇培养物对该染料溶液具有很好的重复处理效果,但重复处理次数越多脱色效果越差。[结论]香菇和平菇的苎麻骨培养基培养物对活性艳红X-3B溶液具有较好的脱色效果。     

刺梨浓缩果汁脱色技术的研究

本文系列研究了明胶,敏化剂R、稳定剂T、聚合三氯化铝对浓缩果汁的脱色作用,脱色效果好,脱色率达85.29％,主要营养素损失少、VC和总糖的保存率分别为85.00％、115.15％,脱色后的果汁清亮透明,色泽鲜艳,保存了原果汁的特有风味.     

Studies on hypersaline-tolerant white-rot fungi IV: effects of Mn 2+ and NH 4 + on manganese peroxidase production and Poly R-478 decolorization by the marine isolate Phlebia sp. MG-60 under saline conditions

Manganese peroxidase (MnP) production by Phlebia sp. MG-60 is strongly regulated by Mn²⁺ and NH₄⁺ at various sea salt incubation conditions. Extra-added Mn²⁺ and NH₄⁺ obviously inhibited MnP production, but sea salts relieved the inhibition partially or completely. Three media were prepared: Kirk medium with addition of 0%–5% sea salts (KS medium), a high level of Mn²⁺ (300mg/l) in KS medium (HM-KS medium), and a high level of NH₄⁺ (430mg/l) in KS medium (HN-KS medium). Without addition of sea salts, the dye Poly R-478 was significantly decolorized by low MnP activity (about 200U/l) and a low level of laccase activity (about 100U/l) in KS and HM-KS media. In the cultures in which laccase activity was almost completely inhibited by 3% and 5% sea salts, MnP activity higher than 400U/l was necessary for Poly R-478 decolorization in all of the three media. We first report the linear correlation of MnP activity and decolorization of Poly R-478 under saline conditions and the effect of laccase on this relation.