百里杜鹃延长杜鹃花期初步研究

本文利用花卉化学促控技术,采用二次旋转组合设计,设置喷施丁酰肼、2,4-D-、赤霉素、防落素等4个植物生长调节剂试验因子,每因子设5个水平。对试验数据进行整理、计算,建立了延长百里杜鹃天然杜鹃花期的化学促控数学模型,在对数学模型进行解析与优化分析的基础上,寻出杜鹃花期分别大于50天、55天的优化技术方案。     

百里杜鹃杜鹃属13种植物叶片解剖结构的生态适应性

贵州百里杜鹃国家森林公园是现已发现的世界上最大且连续分布的天然野生杜鹃花群落。依托生物显微制片技术、数理统计分析方法,研究了采集自百里杜鹃林区的13种杜鹃属植物的叶片解剖特征及其生态适应性,并对其解剖结构特征进行了聚类分析及因子分析。结果表明：①叶片不同解剖性状在种、种群间的变化不同步,其中叶片的海绵组织厚度、叶片厚度、中脉厚度、栅海厚度比以及第1层上表皮细胞长宽比几项解剖特征变异幅度〉50％,显示这些性状更易受环境饰变,是生态适应性状;而气孔密度、气孔长宽比等性状差异小,属相对稳定的系统演替性状。②马银花、光柱迷人杜鹃等具有发达的机械组织,显示对干燥环境的适应;而迷人杜鹃、银叶杜鹃等海绵组织发达,显示对中高山凉湿环境的适应。③叶片解剖结构在种间、种群间有不同程度差异,这是它们适应各自生境的结果。映山红种内差异较大,反映出它对环境变化有较强的响应能力。④主因子聚类分析结果将研究的13种杜鹃属植物分为3类,分类与杜鹃属在系统学上的分类一致。     

Attaining inter-subgeneric hybrids in fragrant azalea breeding and the inheritance of organelle DNA

Inter-subgeneric hybrids were successfully obtained in reciprocal cross combinations between evergreen azaleas (Rhododendron nakaharae and its hybrids) and fragrant deciduous azaleas (R. arborescens and R. viscosum) for the purpose of fragrant evergreen azalea breeding. Nuclear and organelle DNA of these hybrids was investigated using PCR-RFLP markers. Viable hybrid seedlings have nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) inherited biparentally, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from the seed parent, and chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) from the deciduous azalea, regardless of cross combination. These results suggest that the chloroplast genome from deciduous azaleas and the nuclear genome from evergreen azaleas are compatible in viable hybrid progenies.     

活性促根剂对杜鹃花根系的影响研究

不同剂量的活性促根剂于春季处理四季杜鹃,处理后15d调查发现,活性促根剂不同程度的促进了新根的生成及生长,其中以活性促根剂4mg/L处理区效果最为明显,使黄化苗的发根盆数较对照增加了2.656倍,使正常苗的新根长度、增长幅度分别较对照提高了49.7%及8%,在生产上具较高的利用价值。     

An overview of potentially life-threatening poisonous plants in dogs and cats

Objectives: This article discusses the toxicity of the most common poisonous plants known to cause life‐threatening systemic effects or death in dogs and cats as reported to the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center (APCC). Data sources: The article presents an overview of geographic distribution, toxic principle, clinical signs, clinical chemistry alterations, and treatment of intoxication as reported in the literature and based upon data retrieved from the APCC between January 2001 and December 2003. Summary: Most plant exposures in dogs or cats result in mild to moderate signs of vomiting and diarrhea while liver, kidney, central nervous system, or cardiovascular effects are rare. Some garden or household plants can cause serious systemic effects or death when a small amount of plant material has been ingested. Based on APCC records, the most frequently reported poisonous plants causing serious systemic effects include Lily (Lilium and Hemerocallis spp.), Azalea (Rhododendron spp.), Oleander (Nerium oleander), Sago palm (Cycas spp.), Castor bean (Ricinus communis), Kalanchoe (Kalanchoe spp.), and Autumn Crocus (Colchicum autumnale). Conclusion: Despite the variety of toxins present in the plants listed above, early clinical signs of toxicosis in dogs and cats can be nonspecific and can include vomiting, lethargy, anorexia, salivation, or diarrhea. Cardiac arrhythmias may be present with oleander, azalea, or kalanchoe ingestion. Evidence of liver or kidney damage (Cycas, Lilium, Hemerocallis spp., Ricinus communis) may occur 1–2 days after the exposure. Treatment consists of early decontamination and supportive care and may vary according to the type of plant involved and clinical signs present.     

百里杜鹃森林公园杜鹃盛开期大气颗粒物浓度变化特征

为探索百里杜鹃森林公园杜鹃盛开期大气颗粒物浓度变化征,选择3月下旬晴朗天,对百里杜鹃国家森林公园普底景区空旷地、林内游憩地、林缘游憩地3类游憩地8个监测点的大气颗粒物（TSP、PM₁₀、PM_2.5、PM_1.0）浓度、气象因子等数据进行采集分析。研究了园内大气颗粒物浓度日变化规律、不同类型游憩地大气颗粒物浓度变化规律及大气颗粒物浓度变化与气候因子、游客游览行为的相关性。结果表明:1）园内大粒径大气颗粒物（TSP、PM₁₀）浓度日变化规律均为上午和傍晚高中午低,呈“双峰单谷”的“U”字型、“V”字型;小粒径大气颗粒物（PM_2.5和PM_1.0）浓度呈现出早高,午后傍晚低的“L”字形;2）园内8个监测点4种粒径颗粒物日均浓度皆低于Ⅰ级标准,空气质量优;3）园内大气颗粒物浓度从低到高的游憩地类型依次为空旷地、林内游憩地和林缘游憩地,此现象与游客游览行为密切相关;4）数据显示在大气颗粒物浓度低于Ⅰ级标准时,影响大气颗粒物的环境因子有:最大风速、平均风速、温度、风寒、相对湿度、热力指数、露点温度和湿球温度。     

吲哚丁酸浓度及穗条形态对杜鹃扦插的影响

吲哚丁酸激素浓度分别设定为0、100×10-6、250×10-6、500×10－6,杜鹃插条形态分别为带以带顶芽、带踵无顶芽、无踵带顶芽、无踵无顶芽。播后50d,在Ⅰ（y）类型4,以100×10-6浓度的稳定生报效果最佳;在Ⅱ（y）、Ⅲ（y）和Ⅳ（y）类型中,以250×10－6、500×10－6浓度的生根效果最好。不同形态插条在一定浓度的激素处理下生根效果也不尽相同。     

黄山杜鹃花科种质资源初探

本文是在1986年对黄山杜鹃花科种质资源调查的基础上，参考有关文献加以系统整理总结。据调查，黄山杜鹃花科植物种类共计6属19种，文中编制了分属、分种检索表，简介了8种杜鹃花科植物的主要形态特征、观赏价值及其分布，并对资源的保护及利用提出了建议。     

温度和pH值对杜鹃褐斑病菌丝生长的影响

杜鹃褐斑病为杜鹃花上发生较重的病害,常造成大量落叶,影响其观赏价值和生长存活。通过研究温度和pH值对该病原菌的影响,发现该菌适合在较高温度的环境下生长,最适生长温度为28℃;菌丝体对pH值反应不太敏感,在pH 3～12条件下皆可生长,但最适pH值为9。     

贵州百里杜鹃风景区植物景观资源调查与营造建议

贵州百里杜鹃林地是人为破坏与自然演进结果下的具有特殊杜鹃花群貌景观的风景区.通过文献调查与野外考察,收集了林区主要的野生杜鹃花种类及常见的其他景观植物,并分析了景区的植物景观特色与存在问题.为了更好地开发利用并保护好这里的野生杜鹃花群落资源,丰富植物景观,延长旅游时期,针对林区地形地貌及现有植物资源,在植物景观营造方面提出了几条合理化建议.