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1.
Fumitaka Kondo Takashi Ohta Toshiharu Iwai Atsushi Ido Chiemi Miura Takeshi Miura 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2017,43(6):1543-1555
The improvement in feed efficiency is one of the most important subjects in fish culture. The development of feed, in terms of good intake, high growth performance, and high feed efficiency is needed. Squid viscera are one of the candidates for alternative material in improving feed efficiency in fish culture. In the present study, we described the dietary effect of the squid viscera hydrolysate (SVH) on the growth performance of the red sea bream. The addition of SVH to feed caused significant increases in feed intake, fork length, and body weight and produced a marked improvement in feed conversion after 4 weeks of feeding. Furthermore, the results of this feeding revealed that low dietary levels of SVH promote growth performance in the red sea bream. We physiologically analyzed digestion and appetite in fish fed diet containing SVH. SVH promoted the activity of hepatic trypsin and lipase, gene expression of stomach pepsin, hepatic lipase, and pyloric caeca trypsin, thereby improving the nutrient availability in red sea bream. Moreover, the mRNA expression of appetite regulating factor, such as brain NPY and stomach ghrelin was significantly improved by dietary SVH. Our current results indicate that dietary SVH as alternative material produced excellent effects on growth performance, which is dependent on the promoting effect on digestion and appetite in red sea bream. 相似文献
2.
Noriko SHIOMI-SUGAYA Kouji KOMATSU Jingwen WANG Mamoru YAMASHITA Fumitaka KIKKAWA Akira IWASE 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2015,61(3):161-168
Ovaries contain follicles at various stages of development, including primordial, primary, secondary, antral and Graafian follicles. Although the growth of these follicles is controlled to maintain regular ovulation, the mechanism through which this occurs remains unclear. In our study, we found that the growth rate of cultured secondary follicles separated from mice ovaries differed between follicles. After 4 days of culture, the size of some secondary follicles was markedly increased, while that of others had either slightly increased, remained unchanged or shrunk. We compared the expression levels of growth factors between these secondary follicles and found that the growth rate of cultured secondary follicles correlated with the expression level of insulin-like growth factor 1 (Igf1) mRNA. Igf1 mRNA expression level in secondary follicles containing theca cells was higher than that in secondary follicles without theca cells, and the
granulosa cell proliferation around follicles containing theca cells was increased. Furthermore, an IGF1 inhibitor also inhibited the granulosa cell proliferation, and administration of IGF1 to secondary follicles without growth promoted granulosa cell proliferation. These results indicated that the theca cells of secondary follicles induced the expression of IGF1 and promoted the follicle growth. 相似文献
3.
Nobuya Tashiro Mayumi Noguchi Youichi Ide Fumitaka Kuchiki 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2013,79(2):158-161
In June 2006, a large number of small black spots containing a branching network of black hyphae developed on shipped Satsuma mandarin fruits grown in greenhouses, which markedly decreased their commercial value. The fungus that was frequently isolated from the damaged fruits was identified as Cladosporium cladosporioides. Inoculation of fruits with the fungus caused the same symptoms, and the fungus was reisolated from the diseased fruits. The disease caused by this fungus has not been previously documented in citrus fruits; we name this new disease “sooty spot” on the basis of its symptoms. 相似文献
4.
Fumitaka Katamura Masami Fukuda Nikolai P. Bosikov Roman V. Desyatkin 《Journal of Forest Research》2009,14(1):30-36
In order to investigate the relationship between vegetation change and fire history in the Siberian boreal forest, fossil
pollen and charcoal from two lakes in central Yakutia, eastern Siberia, were analyzed. The vegetation change inferred from
the pollen analysis was similar to that found in previous research in the region. Open larch forest covered this region during
the late Glacial and early Holocene periods. Later, during the mid-Holocene, Scots pine expanded its range. The low levels
of charcoal in the lake deposits represent surface forest fires, suggesting that the present-day surface fire regime has been
taking place since at least 6,500 calibrated years before the present (cal yr BP) and that stand-replacing fire has not occurred
during the Holocene. Larch and Scots pine forests, which are characterized by surface fire regimes, have been predominant
since the early Holocene. 相似文献
5.
Hori T Hashizaki F Narushima E Komiya T Orima H Tsutsui T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2006,68(9):987-990
An intrauterine insemination technique using a fiberscope was investigated in the giant panda. A septal wall was present about 5 cm from the vulva, the external urethral orifice was present in the ventral region, and the entrance (pseudocervix) to the vagina was present in the dorsal region. The uterovaginal region protruded in the dorsal region about 15 cm from the pseudocervix. The external uterine orifice was present in the uterovaginal region, revealing that intrauterine insemination can be easily performed. This technique may greatly contribute to artificial reproduction of the giant panda. 相似文献
6.
Kifayatullah Kakar Naomi Asagi Masakazu Komatsuzaki Fumitaka Shiotsu Toshiaki Kokubo 《Plant Production Science》2013,16(4):510-518
ABSTRACTEffects of organic (Italian ryegrass and Bokashi) and chemical fertilizer on growth, yield, and grain quality of rice (Oryza sativa L.) were compared under different planting densities in 2013/2014 and 2014/2015. Italian ryegrass was incorporated into the soil as green manure. Bokashi (a mixture of organic materials) was applied as basal dressing. To measure yield and its components, 30 hills were chosen for each treatment. Rice grains were harvested from each treatment to assess the grain quality and to evaluate accumulation structures using a scanning electron microscope. Bokashi treatment increased panicle number per hill, ripened grain percentage, panicle number per m2, and grain yield compared to no fertilizer treatment at normal planting density. Chemical fertilizer treatment increased plant length at high planting density. Italian ryegrass and Bokashi treatments promoted the taste point (taste score as reference) by reduction of amylose and protein contents at normal planting density in contrast to chemical fertilizer. 1000-grain weight, panicle number per m2, and grain yield were higher at high planting density than at normal planting density. However, high planting density decreased panicle number per hill and spikelet number per panicle. It also enhanced the amylose content of rice grain. Scanning electron microscopic observation revealed that chemical fertilizer treatment marked up protein bodies and their traces on amyloplasts. However, Bokashi treatment produced large amyloplasts, which included many starch granules. These results show that Italian ryegrass and Bokashi can offset reductions of chemical fertilizer and can lead to sufficient starch accumulation structures in rice grains. 相似文献
7.
8.
Antioxidant activities of black and yellow soybeans against low density lipoprotein oxidation 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Takahashi R Ohmori R Kiyose C Momiyama Y Ohsuzu F Kondo K 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(11):4578-4582
Several studies have demonstrated that the daily intakes of soy foods were associated with a reduced cardiovascular risk. The aim of our study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of black soybeans on low density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation in comparison to yellow soybeans. The extract from black soybean had a longer LDL oxidation lag time than that from yellow soybean (205 +/- 16 and 65 +/- 3 min, respectively). When both soybeans were divided into the seed coat and the mixture of the germ and cotyledon, the diluted extract solution from the black soybean seed coat prolonged the lag time significantly more than the original extract of the yellow soybean seed coat. On the other hand, antioxidant effects of the extract from the mixture of germs and cotyledons were similar in both soybeans. Regarding total polyphenol contents, the seed coat of black soybean had a higher polyphenol content than that of yellow soybean (29.0 +/- 0.56 and 0.45 +/- 0.02 mg/g, respectively). Interestingly, the mixture of the germ and cotyledon hydrolyzed by beta-glucosidase in both soybeans showed a stronger inhibitory effect on LDL oxidation than that before being hydrolyzed by beta-glucosidase. These results suggest that black soybeans may be more effective in inhibiting LDL oxidation than yellow soybeans because of total polyphenols contents in its seed coat. In addition, aglycones, which are rich in soybeans fermented or hydrolyzed by beta-glucosidase, may play a crucial role in the prevention of oxidation-related diseases. 相似文献
9.
Tatsuo NAKAHARA Yoshihisa UENOYAMA Akira IWASE Shinya OISHI Sho NAKAMURA Shiori MINABE Youki WATANABE Chikaya DEURA Taro NOGUCHI Nobutaka FUJII Fumitaka KIKKAWA Kei-ichiro MAEDA Hiroko TSUKAMURA 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2013,59(5):479-484
Puberty in mammals is timed by an increase in gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
secretion. Previous studies have shown involvement of the two neuropeptides,
kisspeptin and neurokinin B (NKB), in controlling puberty onset. Little is known
about the role of the other key neuropeptide, dynorphin, in controlling puberty
onset, although these three neuropeptides colocalize in the arcuate kisspeptin
neurons. The arcuate kisspeptin neuron, which is also referred to as the KNDy neuron,
has recently been considered to play a role as an intrinsic source of the GnRH pulse
generator. The present study aimed to determine if attenuation of inhibitory
dynorphin-kappa-opioid receptor (KOR) signaling triggers the initiation of puberty in
normal developing female rats. The present study also determined if stimulatory
NKB-neurokinin 3 receptor (NK3R) signaling advances puberty onset. Female
Wistar-Imamichi rats were weaned and intraperitoneally implanted with osmotic
minipumps filled with nor-binaltorphimine (nor-BNI), a KOR antagonist, or senktide, a
NK3R agonist, at 20 days of age. Fourteen days of intraperitoneal infusion of nor-BNI
or senktide advanced puberty onset, manifested as vaginal opening and the first
vaginal estrus in female rats. Frequent blood sampling showed that nor-BNI
significantly increased luteinizing hormone (LH) pulse frequency at 29 days of age
compared with vehicle-treated controls. Senktide tended to increase this frequency,
but its effect was not statistically significant. The present results suggest that
the inhibitory input of dynorphin-KOR signaling plays a role in the prepubertal
restraint of GnRH/LH secretion in normal developing female rats and that attenuation
of dynorphin-KOR signaling and increase in NKB-NK3R signaling trigger the onset of
puberty in female rats. 相似文献
10.
Yukio Nezu Nobuhide Wada Fumitaka Yoshida Takeshige Miyazawa Tsutomu Shimizu Toshio Fujita 《Pest management science》1998,52(4):343-353
The activity of a number of O-(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)salicylic acids and their thio analogs inhibiting acetolactate synthase (ALS) preparation was measured. The effects of substituents on the salicylic-benzene ring on the inhibitory activity were analyzed quantitatively with physicochemical substituent parameters. For 6-substituted (thio)salicylic acids, the activity was shown to vary parabolically with the ‘intramolecular’ steric parameter ( Es ). In addition, the higher steric dimension of substituents in terms of the STERIMOL width or length parameter lowered the activity. The field-inductive electron-withdrawing property of the 6-substituents in terms of the Swain–Lupton–Hansch F was favorable for the activity of salicylic acid series. In 5-substituted salicylic acids, the activity was increased by electron-donating substituents with smaller size. The relationships between ALS inhibitory and herbicidal activities were also analyzed with some weed species. Both pre- and post-emergence activities against barnyard grass, Echinochloa crus-galli, were linearly related to the ALS inhibitory activity after allowing for the hydrophobic factor that may contribute to the transport processes. Those against two broad-leaved weed species, Polygonum convolvulus and Abutilon theophrasti were linearly related to the in-vitro activity with no significant participation of the hydrophobic factor. © 1998 SCI 相似文献