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Spyra Marcin Kleemann Janina Cetin Nuket Ipek Vázquez Navarrete Cesar Jesús Albert Christian Palacios-Agundez Igone Ametzaga-Arregi Ibone La Rosa Daniele Rozas-Vásquez Daniel Adem Esmail Blal Picchi Paolo Geneletti Davide König Hannes J. Koo HongMi Kopperoinen Leena Fürst Christine 《Landscape Ecology》2019,34(7):1715-1735
Landscape Ecology - Several case studies investigated the role of ecosystem services in participatory planning processes. However, no systematic study exists that cuts across a large number of... 相似文献
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N‐acetylcysteine interferes with the biofilm formation,motility and epiphytic behaviour of Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri 下载免费PDF全文
S. C. Picchi M. A. Takita H. D. Coletta‐Filho M. A. Machado A. A. de Souza 《Plant pathology》2016,65(4):561-569
Citrus canker is caused by Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri. Bacterial biofilm formation is important in the development of this disease because it is a factor in epiphytic bacterial survival on leaves and in infection. N‐acetylcysteine (NAC), in addition to having antibacterial properties, reduces biofilm formation by a variety of bacteria and was therefore tested for impairing biofilm formation by X. citri. Copper is currently the antimicrobial compound most commonly applied in agriculture to control citrus canker. Therefore, this study also evaluated a possible synergistic effect between NAC and copper to improve the strategy for controlling this phytopathogen. NAC was found to decrease biofilm formation, the production of extracellular polysaccharides and bacterial stickiness. Motility was also affected in the presence of NAC. The best combination of NAC and copper for controlling X. citri was application of NAC followed by copper 48 h later. The concentrations of 6 mg mL?1 of NAC and 3·5 μg mL?1 of copper were able to kill X. citri. NAC inhibited the epiphytic behaviour of X. citri on leaves, altering cell growth and the bacterial ability to form biofilms. The addition of copper to cells previously treated with NAC enhanced its bactericidal activity. In conclusion, NAC has antibacterial properties against X. citri, interfering with bacterial growth, motility and biofilm formation. Under epiphytic conditions, NAC made the cells more susceptible to copper by affecting X. citri biofilm formation. This study opens new possibilities for the use of NAC in combination with copper, possibly resulting in more sustainable management of citrus canker. 相似文献
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Natascia Magagnotti Carla Nati Gianni Picchi Raffaele Spinelli 《Agroforestry Systems》2011,82(1):77-86
The study compares two product strategies—chips versus firewood—and two technological levels—manual versus mechanized—as applied
to the thinning of walnut agroforestry plantations, established on ex-arable land. Such plantations are widespread all across
Europe, and their establishment was subsidized under the provisions of EU Directive 2080/90, and of regional grant schemes.
Field test data were used to build a simple deterministic model for estimating thinning productivity and cost under varying
work and economic conditions. This model can assist prospective users when checking the profitability of an operation, or
when assessing the competitiveness of alternative options. Removing nurse alder from young walnut plantations yields between
25 and 50 t of fresh biomass per hectare and is crucial to the good development of the stand. The study shows that the removal
of nurse alder from walnut plantations is economically viable, and it can also offer some profits if stand and market conditions
are favourable. As a rule, the average DBH of removal trees should not be smaller than 12 cm. Best results are obtained with
mechanized harvesting, which does not seem to cause heavier stand and soil damage than manual harvesting. Manual harvesting
is preferable only if the annual utilization of machinery is very low, and in this case it should be geared to firewood production.
The manual whole-tree harvesting (WTH) method used in this study offers the lowest performance under all conditions, and should
be replaced with some other manual alternative to WTH. Mechanized WTH offers a significant cost reduction over mechanized
short-wood (SWS) harvesting, but this difference is still rather limited: hence, other parameters come into play when deciding
what system to apply, and namely product price and mass output. In this respect, one also has to consider the cost of managing
the harvesting residue, and that of fertilizing, if soil nutrient depletion is to be feared. 相似文献
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