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Fabio Leonardi Giovanna Lucrezia Costa Claudia Dina Interlandi Jessica Rosa Andrea Ghidelli Marcello Musicò 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2019,46(1):79-83
Objective
To evaluate the anaesthetic effects of three different alfaxalone doses to induce anaesthesia in goldfish.Study design
Prospective, randomized, clinical study.Animals
Thirty goldfish undergoing skin scraping, gill examination and stool collection.Methods
Each fish was transferred to an individual 4 L induction tank and randomly allocated into one of three groups (n = 10), in which alfaxalone was administered at concentrations of 6, 7 or 9 mg L–1. The depth of anaesthesia was evaluated by approach reaction, equilibrium, opercular movement and reaction to tactile stimuli. Sedation, light anaesthesia, surgical anaesthesia and recovery times were recorded. Data were analyzed with analysis of variance. A p value <0.05 was considered significant.Results
Surgical anaesthesia was achieved in all fish. Goldfish induced with alfaxalone 7 and 9 mg L–1 showed a mild excitement phase. Time to sedation of the 6 mg L–1 dose (5.89 ± 0.40 minutes) was significantly longer compared to the 7 mg L–1 (3.97 ± 0.40 minutes) and 9 mg L–1 doses (3.94 ± 0.40 minutes). Times to light anaesthesia and surgical anaesthesia of the 9 mg L–1 dose (7.65 ± 1.04 and 9.60 ± 1.84 minutes, respectively) were significantly faster compared with those of the 6 mg L–1 dose (13.79 ± 1.04 and 19.75 ± 1.84 minutes, respectively) and the 7 mg L–1 dose (13.55 ± 1.04 and 21.24 ± 1.84 minutes, respectively). No significant differences were recorded in recovery time. Cessation of opercular movement was recorded in two fish induced with 7 mg L–1 and in two induced with 9 mg L–1. No mortality occurred.Conclusions
and clinical relevance Alfaxalone is a reliable agent for immersion anaesthesia in goldfish. Immersion in water containing 6 mg alfaxalone L–1 provided smooth induction of anaesthesia, and no obvious side effects were encountered. Higher doses shortened induction time and caused respiratory depression and excitatory movements. 相似文献3.
Carl A Gagnon Jérome R E Del Castillo Nedzad Music Guy Fontaine Josée Harel Donald Tremblay 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2008,20(5):545-558
By the end of 2004, the Canadian swine population had experienced a severe increase in the incidence of Porcine circovirus-associated disease (PCVAD), a problem that was associated with the emergence of a new Porcine circovirus-2 genotype (PCV-2b), previously unrecovered in North America. Thus, it became important to develop a diagnostic tool that could differentiate between the old and new circulating genotypes (PCV-2a and PCV-2b, respectively). Consequently, a multiplex real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (mrtqPCR) assay that could sensitively and specifically identify and differentiate PCV-2 genotypes was developed. A retrospective epidemiologic survey that used the mrtqPCR assay was performed to determine if cofactors could affect the risk of PCVAD. From 121 PCV-2-positive cases gathered for this study, 4.13%, 92.56%, and 3.31% were positive for PCV-2a, PCV-2b, and both genotypes, respectively. In a data analysis using univariate logistic regressions, the PCVAD-compatible (PCVAD/c) score was significantly associated with the presence of Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), PRRSV viral load, PCV-2 viral load, and PCV-2 immunohistochemistry (IHC) results. Polytomous logistic regression analysis revealed that PCVAD/c score was affected by PCV-2 viral load (P = 0.0161) and IHC (P = 0.0128), but not by the PRRSV variables (P > 0.9), which suggests that mrtqPCR in tissue is a reliable alternative to IHC. Logistic regression analyses revealed that PCV-2 increased the odds ratio of isolating 2 major swine pathogens of the respiratory tract, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Streptococcus suis serotypes 1/2, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 7, which are serotypes commonly associated with clinical diseases. 相似文献
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