The Characterization of Heavy Metals in the Grapevine (Vitis vinifera) Cultivar Rkatsiteli and Wild Blackberry (Rubus fruticosus) from East Serbia by ICP-OES and BAFs

Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy, in combination with calculation of various biological factors, was used in this study not only for a simple illustration of the present status of some essential and non-essential metals such as copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), arsenic (As), and cadmium (Cd) in the grapevine cultivar Rkatsiteli and wild blackberry from East Serbia but also for the estimation of plant bioaccumulation potentials. Great majority of detected metal concentrations were in normal ranges except in few cases: Zn concentrations were at the level of deficiency in almost all plant parts, and some Cu and As concentrations were at the levels that could be considered phytotoxic. Biological accumulation factors provided very informative data on metal accumulation and translocation in both plants and pointed to low accumulation rates of metals except in the case of Cu, Zn, and As in some wild blackberry tissues.     

3种红豆杉光合特性及叶绿素荧光差异比较

为红豆杉资源的合理开发和人工栽培提供理论基础,以4年生的东北红豆杉Taxus cuspidata、南方红豆杉T.chinensis ziar.mairei和曼地亚红豆杉T.media为试验材料,比较了这3种红豆杉叶色素含量、光合及叶绿素荧光特性的差异.结果表明:3种红豆杉中叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量,...     

A Control System to Simulate Diel pH Fluctuation in Eutrophic Aquaculture Ponds

Abstract.— The toxicity of substances that vary in toxicity through time (daily) as a function of pH are not effectively assessed with static renewal test methods. A control system to simulate diel pH fluctuation in eutrophic aquaculture ponds was established in a flow-through, wet-laboratory setting. Water (100 L/ min) was conditioned in a packed column of 3.81-cm Pall rings prior to distribution to 48 189-L fish tanks. Control system components included a distributed data acquisition and control system, a personal computer, and various pH control devices. pH values greater than that of influent water (pH 8.0) were achieved by additions of concentrated sodium hydroxide solutions; pH values less than that of influent water were achieved by additions of carbon dioxide gas. Two data acquisition and control software strategies were developed to control pH: one from pH 7.4 to 8.0 and the other from pH 8.0 to 9.6. The basic control strategy involved comparison of a projected pH value to a set point. A moving linear regression was used to forecast the pH value that would result following base or gas addition, and the rate of chemical addition was adjusted accordingly. The system has resulted in acceptable pH control (deviation < 0.1 pH unit), indicating the potential utility of a relatively simple control system for evaluation of fish physiological response to the characteristically dynamic environment of eutrophic aquaculture ponds.     

七个突破性经营策略

每天，我们的收件箱和垃圾箱中充满了许诺重大效果的电子邮件，诸如“提高搜索引擎中的排名”以及“揭秘你的秘密销售力量”，更不必说那些“想要建立联系”或希望“只占用你15分钟”的名流了。而这只是上周收到的一小部分!     

Discovery of a Jupiter/Saturn analog with gravitational microlensing

Searches for extrasolar planets have uncovered an astonishing diversity of planetary systems, yet the frequency of solar system analogs remains unknown. The gravitational microlensing planet search method is potentially sensitive to multiple-planet systems containing analogs of all the solar system planets except Mercury. We report the detection of a multiple-planet system with microlensing. We identify two planets with masses of approximately 0.71 and approximately 0.27 times the mass of Jupiter and orbital separations of approximately 2.3 and approximately 4.6 astronomical units orbiting a primary star of mass approximately 0.50 solar mass at a distance of approximately 1.5 kiloparsecs. This system resembles a scaled version of our solar system in that the mass ratio, separation ratio, and equilibrium temperatures of the planets are similar to those of Jupiter and Saturn. These planets could not have been detected with other techniques; their discovery from only six confirmed microlensing planet detections suggests that solar system analogs may be common.     

禽舍自动化设施及节粮关键技术

鸡蛋生产和蛋品加工是全球化的技术,其相关知识具有通用性。当养殖场所有生产要素都达到平衡时,家禽生产必然收获成功,包括品种、营养（饲料和水）、保健、禽舍、设备和饲养员等。饲料成本占据禽类肉蛋生产成本的60％-80％。虽然设备投资仅占2％-3％,但对饲料成本的节约却起到决定性的作用。控制成本要跟踪记录盈利水平,主要参数有饲料、用水量、温度、能耗等相关费用。     

规模化蛋鸡养殖场依靠先进技术赢得利润空间

一中国鸡蛋的市场占有量和发展方向 亚洲是全球最大的蛋品市场,全球养殖蛋鸡70亿只,中国蛋鸡数量13亿只,占全球蛋鸡养殖总量的18．5％,中国的鸡蛋产量占全球37．2％。可见中国是全球最重要的蛋品市场。中国大部分蛋鸡采用笼养的模式,美国93％的蛋鸡都采用笼养。从蛋品的消费量来看,中国位列世界第四,2011年人均消费鸡蛋295个（见表1）。     

拉丁美洲家禽业概貌、特点与面临的挑战

一家禽业概况 拉丁美洲有25个国家,其中巴西和阿根廷是全球玉米、大豆的主产国和出口国,巴西和墨西哥分别是全球第三大和第五大鸡肉生产国,墨西哥是全球第三大鸡蛋生产国,人均鸡蛋消费量位居全球第一（人均365个）,鸡肉和鸡蛋是大多数拉丁美洲国家人们每天的主食。     

Molecular epidemiology of Newcastle disease viruses in Vietnam

Newcastle disease virus (NDV) causes significant economic losses to the poultry industry in Southeast Asia. In the present study, 12 field isolates of NDV were recovered from dead village chickens in Vietnam between 2007 and 2012, and were characterized. All the field isolates were classified as velogenic. Based on the sequence analysis of the F variable region, two distinct genetic groups (Vietnam genetic groups G1 and G2) were recognized. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all the 12 field isolates fell into the class II genotype VII cluster. Ten of the field isolates, classified as Vietnam genetic group G1, were closely related to VIIh viruses that had been isolated from Indonesia, Malaysia, and Cambodia since the mid-2000s, while the other two field isolates, of Vietnam genetic group G2, clustered with VIId viruses, which were predominantly circulating in China and Far East Asia. Our results indicate that genotype VII viruses, especially VIIh viruses, are predominantly responsible for the recent epizootic of the disease in Vietnam.