生物钟基因在绒山羊皮肤中表达模式的比较

文章旨在研究绒山羊皮肤生物钟基因clock、tim、per1和cry1的表达模式,进而分析其在绒山羊皮肤组织中的作用及相互关系。生物钟基因形成一个转录-翻译反馈环,通过钟基因在绒山羊皮肤生长周期进行高表达,激活per1和cry1基因的转录-转化过程,从而在mRNA和蛋白水平的调控下进行有节律的表达。结果表明,这些生物钟基因在绒山羊皮肤中的表达量依次为:clocktimper1cry1;皮肤次级毛囊兴盛期,高振幅clock、per1、tim、cry1的节律表达分别出现在一天中的04∶00、08∶00、08∶00、16∶00;皮肤次级毛囊休止期,这些基因的高振幅节律表达分别出现在一天中的08∶00、04∶00、04∶00、16∶00。另外,cry1、per1基因的表达在生物钟基因正反馈循环中被激活,tim基因的表达在生物钟基因的负反馈循环中被激活。因此,clock、tim、per1和cry1调控下运行的钟基因反馈环是绒毛生长呈周期性现象的基础。     

枸杞多糖对雏鸡新城疫免疫效果的影响

为了研究枸杞多糖对雏鸡的免疫调节作用,将400羽1日龄雏鸡随机分为A、B、C、D共4组。7日龄时,分别给予A、B组雏鸡灌服10 mg/kg和20 mg/kg的枸杞多糖各5 m L,C、D组灌服同等剂量的生理盐水。给药的同时,A、B、C组滴鼻和点眼免疫新城疫Ⅳ系疫苗,D组不作处理。分别于7、14、21、28和35日龄时,采用微量法HI试验测定各组雏鸡新城疫抗体效价。分别于免疫后的第7、14、21、28和35天,计算各组雏鸡的免疫器官指数。试验结果显示,A、B组的新城疫抗体效价和各免疫器官指数明显高于C、D组,提示枸杞多糖对鸡新城疫疫苗的免疫效果具有明显的增强作用,且能够促进雏鸡中枢及外周免疫器官的发育。     

广西家蚕血液型脓病发病因子及其病原分子系统发育分析

[目的]明确病原[家蚕核型多角体病毒(BmNPV)]、寄主(家蚕品种)和环境条件(温湿度)的相关性并掌握BmNPV的感染力差异及传播规律,为蚕业生产上有效防控家蚕血液型脓病提供科学依据.[方法]测定从广西不同蚕区和不同季节收集的BmNPV毒株在不同温湿度条件下对不同家蚕品种的半数致死浓度(LC50),调查病原、寄主和环境条件三者对家蚕血液型脓病发生的影响;并基于bro-a和bro-c基因序列构建不同来源BmNPV毒株的系统发育进化树及进行相似性和遗传距离分析.[结果]15株不同来源BmNPV毒株对家蚕品种两广二号的LC50为2.1×106~4.2×106多角体/mL,毒株间的差异不显著(P>0.05);不同BmNPV毒株在不同环境条件[春季(温度25℃和湿度90%)、夏季(温度35℃和湿度95%)、秋季(温度30℃和湿度85%)]下对家蚕的LC50排序均表现为春季>秋季>夏季,在夏季和秋季条件下,不同蚕品种对BmNPV的感染抵抗力排序为桂蚕N2>两广二号>桂蚕2号,桂蚕N2对BmNPV的感染抵抗力显著高于两广二号和桂蚕2号(P<0.05).不同BmNPV毒株在基于bro-a和bro-c基因序列构建的系统发育进化树上均聚在同一分支上,不同BmNPV毒株间的bro-a基因序列相似性很高、遗传距离较小,但不同BmNPV毒株间的bro-c基因序列相似度相对低、遗传距离相对较大.[结论]温湿度条件是广西蚕区家蚕血液型脓病发生的重要因子,且血液型脓病的发生流行与家蚕品种抗性也有密切关系.     

Model construction of rat coronary artery smooth muscle cell endoplasmic reticulum stress induced by thapsigargin

AIM: To investigate the primary culture method for coronary artery smooth muscle cells (CASMCs), and to establish the endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) model in CASMCs of SD rats. METHODS: CASMCs were cultured by tissue explant method. The morphological characteristics were observed under optical microscope. The marker proteins of CASMCs, including α-SMA and SM-MHC, were identified by immunofluorescence technique. The protein expression levels of BiP and CHOP, the marker molecules of ERS, were determined by Western blot. RESULTS: The spindle-shaped CASMCs climbed out from the edge of coronary artery tissues after 6 d, and formed the typical "hill and valley" growth pattern of CASMCs at 9~10 d. The result of immunofluorescence technique showed that α-SMA and SM-MHC were positively expressed. The results of Western blot showed that the protein expression of BiP and CHOP in TG (1 and 2 μmol/L) treatment groups was increased compared with control group. Compared with control group, the protein expression of BiP and CHOP was significantly increased after 1 μmol/L TG treatment for 24 and 48 h. CONCLUSION: CASMCs can be successfully cultured by tissue explant method. ERS model of CASMCs was established by 1 μmol/L TG treatment for 24 h.     

Analysis on Genetic Diversity and Phyletic Evolution of mtDNA Cytb Gene in Zhongdian Yak

In order to investigate the genetic diversity and the origin of evolutionary relationship of Zhongdian yak,we analyzed the complete sequence of 15 individuals Cytb gene,its sequence polymorphism was analyzed,and the phylogenetic tree was constructed.The results showed that the length of the nucleotide sequence were 1 140 bp,with nucleotide frequencies of 26.3%,31.8%,13.1% and 28.8% for T,A,G and C,respectively.Three haplotypes were identified of 15 individuals,with 3 polymorphic sites,including two conversions,one transversion,haplotype diversity was 0.2571 and nucleotide diversity was 0.00035.Phylogenetic analysis suggested that Zhongdian yak and Bos mutusc clustered firstly,then gathered with Bison bison,which indicated that there were high genetic similarity and closer genetic relationship,genetic similarity with other cattle genus was relatively low.Combining with the proof of molecular biology and paleontology,the result supported the point that Bos grunniens and Bos mutus were classified as an alone genus in Bovinae.     

海水中规模化培养西藏拟溞的技术优化研究

为了给北方海水鱼虾蟹类育苗增添一种新的生物活饵料,利用循环水培养装置研究了西藏拟溞Daphniopsis tibetana Sars在稀释海水(盐度为18~20)中规模化培养的技术工艺参数,即起始放养密度、充纯氧和日采收率。结果表明:起始放养密度对西藏拟溞种群增长和日产量影响显著(P0.05),不同起始放养密度(200、550、900、1250 ind./L)培养试验中,放养密度为1250ind./L时,培养第33天时种群密度达最高,为(9500±550.73)ind./L,平均日产量为(125.00±8.35)g/(m3·d);充纯氧与充空气相比较,充纯氧能显著提高种群密度和日产量(P0.05),当放养密度为1250 ind./L、充纯氧时,西藏拟溞种群密度最高达(11 600±560.45)ind./L,平均日产量为(156.82±8.49)g/(m3·d);日采收率对西藏拟溞的种群增长和日产量也有显著影响(P0.05),日采收率为20%时最佳,放养密度为1250ind./L、日采收率为20%时,西藏拟溞种群密度最高为(12 900±995.04)ind./L,平均日产量为(176.52±15.08)g/(m3·d)。     

西藏牦牛的RAPD遗传多样性及其分类研究

为了解西藏地区牦牛品种或类群的遗传多样性和亲缘关系,本研究从33个RAPD多态性引物中筛选出8个条带清晰且多态性丰富的引物对西藏地区的巴青牦牛、类乌齐牦牛、丁青牦牛、桑日牦牛、工布江达牦牛、江达牦牛、康布牦牛、桑桑牦牛、嘉黎牦牛、帕里牦牛、斯布牦牛等11个类群的核基因组DNA进行了RAPD分析,并用Nei氏标准距离和UPGMA聚类法分析了类群间的亲缘关系.结果表明:(1)西藏牦牛类群的遗传多样性指数变异范围在0,185 7～0.405 3之间,其中帕里牦牛最小(0.185 7),说明相对较纯,群体较整齐;而工布江达牦牛最大(0.405 3),显示该群体内部具有较多的遗传变异.(2)在11个类群中,其遗传多样性指数大小分别为:工布江达牦牛(0.405 3)＞江达牦牛(0.353 6)＞斯布牦牛(0.344 8)＞康布牦牛(0.342 8)＞嘉黎牦牛(0.332 3)＞桑日牦牛(0.282 3)＞巴青牦牛(0.279 3)＞桑桑牦牛(0.269 8)＞丁青牦牛(0.259 7)＞类乌齐牦牛(0.224 1)＞帕里牦牛(0.185 7),具有西藏东部牦牛类群遗传多样性相对较高,而西部牦牛类群遗传多样性相对较低的趋势,预示着西藏东部可能是牦牛的起源地之一.(3)遗传距离构建的分子聚类关系图表明:西藏11个牦牛类群可分为2大类,帕里牦牛(PL)为一类,其余10个牦牛类群为另一类.综上所述,西藏牦牛具有较丰富的遗传多样性,品种或种群内的遗传分化显著,这是西藏牦牛业持续发展和牦牛适应外界环境的遗传基础,是将来培养牦牛新品种或品系的重要基因资源;西藏牦牛品种可分为2大类群.