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1.
Impact of grassland contract policy on soil organic carbon losses from alpine grassland on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau 下载免费PDF全文
J. Cao Y. Gong E. T. Yeh N. M. Holden J. F. Adamowski R. C. Deo M. Liu J. Zhou J. Zhang W. Zhang S. Zhang D. Sheng S. Yang X. Xu M. Li Q. Feng 《Soil Use and Management》2017,33(4):663-671
Carbon storage in the soils on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau plays a very important role in the global carbon budget. In the 1990s, a policy of contracting collective grasslands to smaller units was implemented, resulting in a change from the traditional collective grassland management to two new management patterns: a multi‐household management pattern (MMP: grassland shared by several households without enclosures) and a single‐household management pattern (SMP: grassland enclosed and used by only one household). In 2016, 50 MMP and 54 SMP winter pastures on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau were sampled to assess the differences in soil organic carbon (SOC) between the two management patterns. Results showed that average SOC was significantly greater under MMP than under SMP, with an estimated 0.41 Mg C/ha/yr lost due to SMP following the new grassland contract. Based on the government's grassland policy, four grassland utilization scenarios were developed for both summer and winter pastures. We found that if the grassland were managed under SMP, likely C losses ranged between 0.31 × 107 and 6.15 × 107 Mg C/yr across the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau relative to MMP, which more closely resembles pre‐1990s grassland management. Previous estimates of C losses have only considered land use change (with cover change) and ignored the impacts driven by land management pattern changes (without cover change). The new data suggest that C losses from the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau are greater than previously estimated, and therefore that the grassland contract policy should be reviewed and SMP households should be encouraged to reunite into the MMP. These findings have potential implications for land management strategies not only on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau but also other grazing regions globally where such practices may exist. 相似文献
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为明确水地强筋冬小麦高产、优质、高效的灌溉技术,试验设3个灌水时期8个灌溉处理[越冬期灌1水(W1),拔节期灌1水(W2),孕穗期灌1水(W3),越冬期和拔节期灌2水(W12),越冬期和孕穗期灌2水(W13),拔节期和孕穗期灌2水(W23),越冬期、拔节期和孕穗期灌3水(W123),全生育期不灌水处理(CK)],于小麦成熟期测定籽粒产量、总蛋白及其组分含量和淀粉含量。结果表明,与不灌水的CK比较,所有灌水处理的籽粒产量、有效穗数、穗粒数、千粒重、蛋白质产量以及籽粒淀粉含量均显著增加,但籽粒的总蛋白及其组分含量均呈不同程度降低(W1处理除外)。越冬期灌水对有效穗数、籽粒产量、总蛋白及其组分含量、淀粉含量的提升作用较大;拔节期灌水对穗粒数的提升作用较大,但对淀粉含量的提升作用较小,对总蛋白及其组分含量的降低作用较大;孕穗期灌水对千粒重的提升作用较大,对蛋白质产量的提升作用较小。随着灌水次数增加,小麦籽粒产量显著提高,淀粉含量先显著提高后基本不变,而籽粒总蛋白及其组分含量降低。W123处理籽粒产量最高,其次是W13处理;W1处理籽粒蛋白质及其组分含量最高,其次是W12及W13处理;W23处理淀粉含量最高,其次是W12或W13处理。综合各项指标,最好的灌水组合是越冬期和孕穗期灌2水(W13)。 相似文献
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Zidi Jin Long Liu Cheng Xu Chunchi Yan Shuo Li Tuoyu Geng Daoqing Gong 《Animal Science Journal》2021,92(1):e13672
Goose fatty liver is a specific type of nonalcoholic fatty liver that is protected from harmful effects associated with severe steatosis. Our previous findings suggest that suppression of the complement C5 may be relevant, but the mechanism is unclear. Therefore, in this study, we first verified the expression pattern of complement genes (including C5) during goose fatty liver formation and then determined the liver fat content and fatty acid composition by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), followed by selecting the differential metabolites to treat HepG2, goose and mouse primary hepatocytes, aiming to explore the mechanism of C5 and inflammation suppression in goose fatty liver. The data confirmed the suppression of complement genes (including C5) in goose fatty livers. Moreover, fat content was significantly higher in fatty liver versus normal ones, with oleic acid and palmitic acid dominantly accounting for the difference. In line with this, high concentration of palmitate led to down regulation of C5 expression in goose primary hepatocytes whereas upregulation in mouse primary hepatocytes and HepG2 cells. In conclusion, regulation on C5 expression by fatty liver related factors including high level of palmitic acid may contribute to the protection of goose liver from severe hepatic steatosis. 相似文献
4.
龚宪章 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》1990,17(1)
闸述了L波段低噪声晶体管放大器中各种降低噪声措施的基本原理,给出了低噪声电路设计的一般原则,以及L波段卫星地面接收系统前端低噪声高频放大器输入级中噪声匹配电路的设计举例. 相似文献
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波尔山羊杂交后代体尺、体重与肉用性能的相关性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文利用 SPSS数据处理软件 (10 .0版 )统计分析了 2 3只 (约 8~ 9月龄 )波尔山羊与唐山奶山羊杂交后代公羊的体尺、体重和肉用性能。结果表明 :(1)波尔山羊与唐山奶山羊杂交 F1 代体尺、体重与肉用性能指标的变异程度大于 F2 代 ,其中宰前重、胴体重、净肉重和胸宽四项指标变异程度在 F1 和 F2 代中都很大 ;(2 )杂交 F1 代、F2 代各项指标 t检验结果 ,除胸宽外其余指标差异显著或极显著 ;(3 )波尔山羊杂交后代中胸宽与各项指标间相关不显著 ,宰前重、胴体重、净肉重与体尺指标相关显著或不显著。 相似文献