油用牡丹丰产栽培综合管理技术

油用牡丹是我国一种特有的木本油用植物资源。油用牡丹产业是我国一项特色新兴产业,发展前景广阔。发展好油用牡丹产业,可产生重大的经济、社会和生态效益,助力脱贫攻坚,促进乡村振兴。近年来,我国油用牡丹种植面积不断增加。种植者正确掌握并应用相关栽培管理技术,是实现丰产增收的前提。总结介绍了油用牡丹的播种与栽植技术、苗木培育管理技术、主要病虫害及其防治技术,以期为油用牡丹的栽培管理和深入研究提供参考。     

Tree-ring: a suitable implement for spatial and temporal fire distribution analysis in savanna woodland and dry forest

Based on 120 stem discs collected during3 months of fieldwork along a 12 km route,the history of fires in the Wari Maro Forest(09 1000 N–02 1000E) over the past century in savanna woodland and dry forest was reconstituted.Three major ecological areas are characterized:one highly burnt zone located between two relative less burnt areas.By analyzing tree rings,246 fire scars were identified.The scars were caused by 51 fire years,occurring at a mean interval of 2.23 years.From 1890 to1965,only 6 years with fires were recorded from sampled trees.Since 1966,no year has passed without fire.The fire frequency point scale reached 14 years.This was the case of Burkea africana,which has been identified as a species tolerant to fire and could be planted to create a natural firewall.In contrast,Anogeissus leiocarpa is highly sensitive to fire,and in a dry forest ecosystem that burns seasonally,it requires a special conservation plan.Two new concepts are described:the rebarking of trees after fire and Mean Kilometer Fire Interval.The first concept was tested with Daniellia oliveri(Rolfe) Hutch & Dalz trees,and the second concept was used to evaluate spatial fire distribution.We demonstrate that savanna woodland and dry forest were subject to a degradation process caused by destructive fires related to vegetation cover clearance and illegal logging.     

Prolamin hydrolysis in wheat sourdoughs with differing proteolytic activities

The prolamins of wheat, rye, and barley contain structures that are harmful to gluten-sensitive people, and an extensive degradation of these prolamins during food processing might eliminate this problem. Sourdough fermentation is a cereal food process during which some protein degradation occurs. In this study, the prolamin hydrolysis that occurred in a high-proteolytic-activity germinated-wheat sourdough (GWSD) was compared with that of wheat sourdough systems which contained moderate or no proteolytic activities. Virtually all of the wheat prolamins (gliadins and glutenins) were degraded during the GWSD fermentation. Quantification of its prolamin levels confirmed that extensive prolamin hydrolysis had occurred in the GWSD. This hydrolysis was attributed to the cysteine proteinase activities of the germinated wheat. The use of high-proteolytic sourdoughs in baking could make it possible to prepare new low-prolamin cereal-based products for use by gluten-sensitive people, who could then diversify their diets by including these whole-grain containing products into their every-day diets.     

鸽沙门氏菌病的诊断分析

某鸽场一批肉用乳鸽、幼鸽爆发了１ 种以典型腹泻、排青绿稀粪为主要特征的疾病，经临床症状、病理解剖，并从病鸽实质脏器中分离出沙门氏菌确诊为鸽沙门氏菌病。     

Effect of Geogenic Lead on Fungal and Collembolan Communities in Garden Topsoil

Geogenic lead (Pb) is considered to be less bioavailable than anthropogenic Pb and exerts less effect on the soil fauna. However, Pb contamination in vegetables has been reported in the case of geogenic anomalies, even at moderate concentrations (around 170 mg kg^–1). In this study, we investigated collembolan communities using both taxonomic- and trait-based approaches and observed fungal communities to assess the effects of a moderate geogenic Pb anomaly on collembolans and fungi in an urban vegetable garden soil. Results indicated that geogenic Pb indeed modified fungi communities and altered the functional structure of collembolan communities in garden soils. Although geogenic Pb presented low bioavailability, it affected soil fauna and vegetables similar to anthropogenic Pb.     

猪传染性胸膜肺炎的诊断与防治

2006年9月,内蒙古土左旗某种猪场保育舍的猪群中突然发生以体温升高达41.5℃左右,耳、鼻、眼及后躯皮肤发绀,后期出现严重的呼吸困难和体     

9种商业消毒剂对猪2型圆环

养猪业中常用的许多商业消毒荆,都获得了法国农业部批准.然而对其杀灭增殖初期猪2型圆环病毒(PCV2)的效能却不甚了解.用在法国分离到的PCV2悬液来测试9种商业消毒剂的效能,在20℃下病毒悬液与消毒剂作用30 min后,将该混合液过滤和稀释进行脱毒处理以去除对圆环病毒和猪肾细胞系有害的物质,再经一系列稀释后接种于人工培养的猪肾细胞进行免疫过氧化物酶单层细胞试验(IPMA)测定PCV2的感染性.结果表明,用碘类和苯酚类消毒剂并不能减少病毒滴度.在此着重介绍其他消毒剂效能(病毒滴度减少量≥1.61 log10),其中5种消毒剂:一种舍过一硫酸氢钾,另两种舍一种季铵盐、一到三种醛、次氯酸钠和氢氧化钠.在标准浓度下或1.5～4倍低于标准浓度时可显著杀灭PCV2;其余两种,其中一种舍过一硫酸氢钾,另一种含过氧乙酸和过氧化氢,在标准浓度下或2倍高于标准浓度时也可杀灭PCV2.     

高油大豆品种高产栽培技术研究

通过对影响大豆产量和油分含量的各栽培因素的试验研究，结果表明，播期、密度和施肥对高油大豆产量起主要作用，水分、收获期也有重要影响。在大豆适播期内提早播种，在适宜密度范围内扩大株距，降低密度，均促进高产高油的形成，初花期多追施P肥，有利于高产；鼓粒后期适当控水有利于油分积累。     

如何做好种子经营的委托网络建设

随着<种子法>的实施,计划经济体制下的种子经营方式被打破,依法建设委托代销网络已成为种子企业扩大种子市场占有份额的有效形式,许多种子企业在有效的区域内抢摊设点,委托销售种子并形成了一定规模的销售网络,既给农民购种提供了方便,又扩大了销量,提高了经济效益,促进了种业产业化发展.