林地平菇栽培技术

林地平菇栽培投资少,见效快,技术简单,方便易行。一般可利用林地总面积的25%左右,每亩林地每年可增加纯收入1200元以上,同时对改良土壤、提高土壤肥力、加速林木生长具有明显的促进作用。自1985年以来,我们进行了平菇林地栽培研究,经小区试验和大面积推广,均取得了很好的效果,生物效率达80%以上,现将栽培技术简介如下:     

木质包装中黄斑星天牛微波处理初探

为了探索微波处理作为木质包装替代处理方法的可能性,对不同规格和含水量的杨树木块进行微波处理试验,结果表明:频率为2450MHz的微波能够穿透厚度为10cm的杨树木材;当微波功率为900W时,规格为10cm×10cm×10cm和10cm×10cm×2.5cm的新木块中黄斑星天牛(Anoplophora nobolis)幼虫完全死亡所需时间分别为5min和2min;而干木块中则仅需3min和30s.对微波处理引起木材温度变化和水分损失以及天牛幼虫的水分损失进行了初步研究.     

饲料代谢能水平对农大3号小型蛋鸡生产性能的影响

180只140日龄的农大3号小型蛋鸡随机平均分为A、B、C、D、E五组，每组6个重复，每个重复6只鸡，体重大小基本一致，各组间生产性能差异不显著。分别饲喂代谢能水平11．5MJ／kg、11．3MJ／kg、11．1MJ／kg、10．9MJ／kg和10．7MJ／kg的饲料，其他营养成分含量设计上保持一致。通过30周的观察，发现在产蛋高峰前饲喂稍低能值的饲料(10．9MJ／kg)有利于采食量的增加和产蛋率的迅速上升。在一定饲料代谢能值范围内，饲料能值的高低对小型蛋鸡采食量影响不显著，所以从产蛋高峰期开始，必须使用代谢能水平较高的日粮，才能满足小型蛋鸡维持高产蛋率对能量的需求。综合来看，饲料代谢能为11．3MJ／kg时，小型蛋鸡有较高的产蛋量和饲料报酬。     

Microbial remediation of a pentachloronitrobenzene-contaminated soil under Panax notoginseng: A field experiment

Pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB) is an organochlorine fungicide that is mainly used in the prevention and control of diseases in crop seedlings. Microbial removal is used as a promising method for in-situ removal of many organic pesticides and pesticide residues. A short-term field experiment (1 year) was conducted to explore the potential role of a PCNB-degrading bacterial isolate, Cupriavidus sp. YNS-85, in the remediation of a PCNB-contaminated soil on which Panax notoginseng was grown. The following three treatments were used:i) control soil amended with wheat bran but without YNS-85, ii) soil with 0.15 kg m^-2 of solid bacterial inoculum (A), and iii) soil with 0.30 kg m^-2 of solid bacterial inoculum (B). The removal of soil PCNB during the microbial remediation was monitored using gas chromatography. Soil catalase and fluorescein diacetate (FDA) esterase activities were determined using spectrophotometry. In addition, cultivable bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes were counted by plating serial dilutions, and the microbial biodiversity of the soil was analyzed using BIOLOG. After 1 year of in-situ remediation, the soil PCNB concentrations decreased significantly by 50.3% and 74.2% in treatments A and B, respectively, when compared with the uninoculated control. The soil catalase activity decreased in the presence of the bacterial isolate, the FDA esterase activity decreased in treatment A, but increased in treatment B. No significant changes in plant biomass, diversity of the soil microbial community, or physicochemical properties of the soil were observed between the control and inoculated groups (P<0.05). The results indicate that Cupriavidus sp. YNS-85 is a potential candidate for the remediation of PCNB-contaminated soils under P. notoginseng.     

冬春莴笋高产栽培技术

莴笋是产量高、经济效益好的蔬菜品种，很多地方规模发展莴笋，成了农民增收的重要途径。现把冬春莴笋高产栽培技术简介如下：     

An 8bp indel in exon 1 of Ghrelin gene associated with chicken growth

Ghrelin, acts as the endogenous ligand for growth hormone secretagogues receptor (GHS-R), is a novel growth hormone (GH) releasing peptide with reported effects on food intake in chickens. In this study, an 8 bp indel polymorphism in exon 1 of the chicken Ghrelin (cGHRL) gene was genotyped in a F(2) designed full-sib population to analyze its associations with chicken growth and carcass traits. Later, mRNA level in the proventriculus was determined by real-time PCR to reveal the expression feature of cGHRL gene. Result showed that this 8 bp indel was significantly associated with body weight at the age of 28 days (BW28) and 56 days (BW56), eviscerated weight (EW) and leg muscle weight (LMW) (P<0.05), highly significantly associated with hatch weight (HW), BW14, 21, 35, 42, 49, 90 and body length (BL), dressed weight (DW), eviscerated weight with giblet (EWG), wing weight (WW), breast muscle weight (BMW) and head and neck weight (HNW) (P<0.01). Meanwhile, A allele (with 'CTAACCTG') was positive for chicken growth as individuals with AA genotype had the highest value of all traits. Analysis on cGhrelin mRNA level revealed that it differed significantly among individuals with three genotypes (P<0.05). Individuals with AB genotype had the highest mRNA level, whereas that of AA had the lowest one. It was concluded that this 8 bp indel of cGHRL gene was significantly associated with most body weight and body composition traits, and negative effect of endogenous Ghrelin on chicken growth were indicated by this study.     

畦灌的分析模型

<正> 一、模型的建立 为了推导这个模型作了如下假定:①入流是恒定的;②畦面是均匀的(即畦面坡度、宽度,综合糙率均不随位置变化;③畦足够宽以致于可以忽略边界效应;④畦面坡度小到Sinα=tgα=Sa且Cosα=1,这里α为畦面与水平面的夹角。