棉籽制油蒸炒工艺的自动控制与研究

介绍一种棉籽制油自动控制系统以及用于制油工艺中的检测和控制方法。在加工过程中，它可以自动调节给水量和蒸炒温度这两个重要参数，使棉籽饼内的残油率有明显降低，同时节能效果也很显著。     

Novel avian orthoavulavirus 13 in wild migratory waterfowl: biological and genetic considerations

Avian orthoavulavirus 13 (AOAV-13), formerly known as Avian paramyxovirus 13 (APMV-13), is found scatteredly in wild birds around the world. Although four complete genome sequences of AOAV-13 had been identified since the first discovery in Japan in 2003, the information available on the genetic variation and biological characteristics of AOAV-13 is still limited. In the present study, we isolated six AOAV-13 strains from fecal samples of wild migratory waterfowls during annual (2014–2018) viral surveillance of wild bird populations from wetland and domestic poultry of live bird markets (LBMs) in China. The phylogenetic analyses based on the HN and F genes showed that they had very close relationship and the molecular clock estimations showed a low evolutionary rate of AOAV-13. However, Bean goose/Hubei/V97–1/2015 is 1953 nt in size (ORF, 1, 776 nt), which is a unique size and longer than other reported AOAV-13 strains. Additionally, four repeats of conserved sequences “AAAAAT” was presented in the 5′-end trailer region of Swan goose/Hubei/VI49–1/2016, which is unprecedented in the AOAV-13. These findings highlight the importance of continuous monitoring the specific species of APMVs.

     

少数民族地区未成年人家庭道德教育思考

少数民族地区未成年人家庭道德教育,要加强少数民族的自我文化认同感,将中华民族的主流文化与少数民族的传统文化相融合,注意理性道德教育与情感道德教育的结合。     

我国环境信息系统的建设与发展研究

综述我国环境信息系统(EIS)的研究现状,通过对环境信息系统概念、结构、功能的分析,提出当前国内环境信息系统存在的问题,并展望我国环境信息系统今后的研究方向。     

CRISPR/Cas9介导的基因组编辑技术及应用研究进展

成簇的规律间隔的短回文重复序列及其相关蛋白系统(Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats,CRISPR/CRISPR-associated nuclease system,CRISPR/Cas)是广泛存在于细菌和古细菌的适应性免疫系统,其中由Ⅱ型CRISPR/Cas系统改造而来的第三代基因组编辑技术——CRISPR/Cas9系统已广泛应用于生命科学研究的多个领域。本文主要从CRISPR/Cas9系统的发现、作用原理、应用进展及与其他新兴的基因组编辑技术的对比等四个方面进行阐述,重点介绍其最新研究进展,并展望了CRISPR/Cas9系统的应用前景。     

Effects of dietary fish oil replacement with blended vegetable oils on growth,lipid metabolism and antioxidant capacity of subadult swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus

A 120‐day trial was conducted to assess the effects of dietary fish oil replacement with vegetable oils on growth, lipid metabolism and antioxidant capacity of subadult swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus. Five isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were formulated to replace 0, 250, 500, 750 and 1000g/kg of fish oil with a mixture of soybean and rapeseed oil (defined as D1–D5), and each treatment had 30 replicate crabs. Dietary fish oil replacement had no significant effects on growth of the crabs, while the D3 had the highest hepatosomatic index and total lipids in hepatopancreas. The triglyceride and lipase activities in hepatopancreas increased significantly with increasing dietary fish oil replacement. The D4 had the highest levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and acid phosphatase (ACP) in the hepatopancreas, as well as the haemolymph ALP, ACP and peroxidase. The highest levels of haemolymph total antioxidant capacity, catalase and malondialdehyde were detected in D1. Total n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids levels in hepatopancreas decreased significantly with increasing dietary fish oil replacement. In conclusion, dietary fish oil replacement had no significant effects on growth of P. trituberculatus, and 500g/kg of fish oil replacement could improve antioxidant capacity, but excessive replacement level will enhance lipid accumulation and peroxidation in the hepatopancreas.     

淡水虾蟹养殖池塘中5种水草的营养成分比较

比较虾蟹池塘中微齿眼子菜、线叶眼子菜、菹草、空心莲子草和穗花狐尾藻5种水草的常规营养成分、总类胡萝卜素、脂肪酸和氨基酸含量,并结合5种水草的生长特性和对底泥再悬浮的抑制作用,综合评估这5种水草在淡水虾蟹养殖中的应用价值.试验结果显示:(1)菹草水分含量显著高于其他4种水草,微齿眼子菜、线叶眼子菜和空心莲子草的粗蛋白和粗...     

甲基营养型芽胞杆菌AL7对棉花黄萎病的盆栽防治效果及定殖能力

为了探明甲基营养型芽胞杆菌AL7对棉花黄萎病的防治效果及其定殖能力,本文利用盆栽接种试验研究了菌株AL7对棉花黄萎病的防治效果;将带四环素抗性的pGFP78质粒转入到菌株AL7中,分析了菌株AL7在棉花根围土壤中、根部组织内的定殖情况。结果表明,菌株AL7对棉花黄萎病的盆栽防治效果为77.1%。pGFP78质粒转入后对菌株AL7的生长没有明显影响,仍具有游动性和产生物膜。定殖检测结果表明,菌株AL7能够在棉花根围土壤中及根系组织内长期定殖,接种5 d时定殖数量最高,达6×10~6cfu/g土,接种80 d后根围土壤中的定殖数量仍维持在2×10~6 cfu/g,根系组织内的定殖量为6×10~4 cfu/g。利用激光共聚焦显微镜观察验证,接种7 d后菌株AL7已经进入到棉花根部的中柱鞘细胞,能够在棉花根内大量定殖。     

新疆棉田牧草盲蝽的空间分布规律

为明确新疆棉田牧草盲蝽Lygus pratensis(Linnaeus)的空间分布型,于2012-2014年对新疆喀什地区棉田牧草盲蝽种群数量进行了系统调查,应用5种聚集度指数、Iwao m*-m回归方程和Taylor幂法则分析判定牧草盲蝽成虫、若虫及整个种群(成虫和若虫)在棉田的空间分布型,并利用种群聚集均数分析聚集原因。结果表明,牧草盲蝽成虫、若虫及整个种群的久野指数C_A0、负二项分布参数k0、丛生指数I0、聚块指数m*/~-1,表明三者在新疆棉田均呈聚集分布。且牧草盲蝽成虫和若虫的Blackith聚集均数λ2,说明二者在棉田的聚集是由环境因素引起的。Iwao m*-m回归分析结果表明,牧草盲蝽成虫、若虫和整个种群个体间相互吸引,分布的基本成分为个体群(α0、β1);Taylor幂法则分析结果表明,牧草盲蝽成虫、若虫和整个种群在棉田更趋向于聚集分布,聚集度依赖于密度。     

水泵机组的振动分析及故障诊断

采用两个磁电式速度传感器测定水泵机组的垂直和水平方向的振动，并对数据进行时域、幅值域、频域、相关和倒谱分析。结果表明，水泵机组电动机旋转引起的振动，通过联轴器传递给水泵，使水泵靠近电动机轴端的轴振动和加剧而造成磨损，进水口的振动大于出水口，机组都存在着高频电磁噪声。本文还提出了减少水机组振动的一些措施。