水平连续铸钢凝固过程数值模拟

本文在分析水平连铸传热特征的基础上，给出了一维情况下，计算结晶器出口处铸坯凝固层厚度的解析式，建立了计及轴向传热的连续坯凝固模拟模型。进行了连续坯二维传热的凝固数值模拟，其模拟结果与实验结果吻合较好，具有普遍应用价值。     

大骨鸡中MSTN基因表达规律性的研究

本实验以大骨鸡为试材,采用RT-PCR法检测了MSTN基因在大骨鸡不同器官、不同时间的表达情况,结果表明MSTN基因在骨骼肌中表达水平较高,在心肌、肾脏、脑、肠、舌中也有微量表达,但在肺、肝脏中未检测出MSTNmRNA,而且在14日龄时表达水平明显低于35日龄和56日龄,而且在孵化后一周时胸肌中MSTN基因的表达水平达到最低。     

糜子愈伤诱导及再分化最适条件研究

研究旨在应用组织培养技术探究愈伤诱导及再分化的最适条件,以期为糜子建立遗传转化体系奠定基础。采用5个糜子品种研究愈伤诱导及再分化的最适条件。利用植物激素2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸(2,4-D)诱导茎尖愈伤组织,筛选出发芽率高、愈伤组织诱导率高、染菌率低的品种,并对诱导愈伤最适激素浓度及配比进行了鉴定。结果显示,‘冀黍2号’出芽率高、愈伤组织诱导率高、染菌率低,适宜进行组织培养;2,4-D对‘冀黍2号’愈伤诱导效果最好,最适浓度为2.5 mg/L,诱导率达86.67%,淡黄色块状,结构紧密,质地较硬,继代培养后形成的胚性愈伤组织状态更好。再分化过程中,2.5 mg/L 2,4-D+3.5 mg/L TDZ时,出现明显的嫩芽。该试验获得‘冀黍2号’愈伤诱导及再分化的最适条件,可为糜子再生体系的构建提供参考。     

Genes related to flooding tolerance during germination and early growth of weedy rice

Evolution of flooding tolerance in weedy rice has occurred in several rice-growing regions, but the genes related to this process and the environmental effects are unknown. The objective of this study was to analyse the expression of genes related to flooding tolerance in response to temperature and flooding during the initial establishment of weedy rice. The experiments were carried out with rice cultivars IRGA 417 and Nipponbare, which are sensitive to flooding, and weedy rice ITJ03 and AV04 genotypes that have high and intermediate tolerance to flooding, respectively. The expression of genes related to reserve mobilisation, anaerobic respiration, escape and quiescence strategies was analysed at periods up to 24 days after sowing. The flooding tolerance of weedy rice genotype ITJ03 was associated with the expression of RAmy3D and OsTPP7 , which are involved in the mobilisation of carbohydrate reserves, ADH1 and ADH2, which participate in anaerobic respiration, and SNRKL1 that triggers rapid elongation of the coleoptile and emergence. Although the genes PDC1, SUS3 and SUB1 are important for flooding tolerance in cultivated rice, their expression was not directly related to flooding tolerance in weedy rice. A temperature of 20°C reduced levels of expression of the RAmy3D, ADH2 and SNRKL1 genes and low temperature had a negative effect on the establishment of weedy rice. Breeding of rice genotypes with tolerance of low temperatures and anaerobic conditions may be a viable strategy to improve the control of weedy rice in paddy fields.     

生根处理和扦插时间对杉木容器扦插育苗效果的影响

以通过审定的广西杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata)良种为扦插材料,探讨不同的生根处理方法和扦插月份对扦插生根效果及成活率的影响。结果表明:使用生根剂处理的穗条,其生根率、成活率、根系数量及整齐度均极显著高于对照,ABT1和IBA处理的穗条根系萌发最快,根系萌发时间均为22 d,比对照提前13 d;ABT1处理的穗条生根率(97.8%)和平均根系数(4.2)最高,整齐度最好,其次为IBA;ABT1、IBA和NAA处理的穗条成活率分别为97.8%、97.2%和93.1%,对照成活率为81.5%;杉木扦插苗培育的最佳扦插时间为3~5月。     

优质水稻新品种芽期耐冷性鉴定

对来自不同地区的多个水稻品种进行芽期耐冷性试验,结果表明:15份优质水稻品种发芽期14℃、7 d处理,耐冷性均表现为极弱;14℃、14 d处理,龙稻18、通禾66耐冷性表现为极强,九稻68、吉粳511耐冷性表现为强。在芽期试验中,所有品种芽期耐冷性为强。     

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Cervus elaphus Using AMELY Gene in Y Chromosome

In order to determine the genetic diversity in Cervus elaphus using AMELY gene in Y chromosome,200 blood samples from Cervus elaphus yarkandensis,Cervus elaphus asiaticus,Cervus elaphus xanthopygus,Cervus elaphus songaricus and Cervus elaphus kansuensis populations were collected and AMELY genes were sequenced in this study.The haplotype diversity of Y chromosome was analyed,phylogenetic tree was built to explore the genetic diversity and the paternal origins about Cervus elaphus.The results showed that:Cervus elaphus yarkandensis had the most variation sites and the highest nucleotide diversity.The genetic distance between Cervus elaphus yarkandensis and other Cervus elaphus were far.6 haplotypes were identified in this study,named as A1,A2,A3,A4,A5 and A6,respectively.Cervu elaphus yarkandensis,Cervus elaphus asiaticus and Cervus elaphus kansuensis had separate haplotype.The NJ and ML phylogenetic trees showed that Cervus elaphus songaricus,Cervus elaphus asiaticus,Cervus elaphus xanthopygus and Cervus elaphus kansuensis clustered together which Cervus elaphus yarkandensis and Cervus elaphus kansuensis were form a department,separately.Cervus elaphus asiaticus,Cervus elaphus xanthopygus and Cervus elaphus yarkandensis clustered into one branches and there might be gene exchange among Cervus elaphus yarkandensis,Cervus elaphus kansuensis and other Cervus elaphus.     

自配复合菌制剂不同添加量对奶公牛育肥效果影响

〔目的〕通过自配复合微生态菌剂,用于奶公犊牛的育肥,以提高奶公犊牛育肥效益。〔方法〕验采用单因素随机分组,将18头奶公牛随机分为三组,每组6头,分别为试验1组(对照组)、试验2组(复合菌制剂0.2%添加组)、试验3组(复合菌制剂0.1%添加组),育肥期51天。〔结果〕0.2%添加组日增重最高,达到1.04kg,比对照组提高22.35%,达到差异显著水平(P﹥0.05)在不计入架子牛购入费用,试验期间每日每头牛利润4.88元。〔结论〕在奶公犊牛育肥期间使用0.2%添加自配复合菌制剂效果最好。     

不同配比南极磷虾粉饲料对网箱养殖俄罗斯鲟生长及氟累积的影响

配制南极磷虾粉替代饲料中鱼粉比例分别为0%、10%、20%、30%的4组饲料饲喂俄罗斯鲟(Acipenser gueldenstaedtii)200 d后,分析南极磷虾粉替代部分鱼粉对网箱养殖俄罗斯鲟生长和鱼体组织氟残留的影响。结果表明:(1)随着南极磷虾粉替代比例的升高,俄罗斯鲟的末重、增重、特定生长率、蛋白质效率先上升后下降,饲料系数先降低后升高,10%组显著高于对照组和其它试验组(P0.05);(2)实验结束时,俄罗斯鲟肌肉、肝脏和鱼鳔的氟浓度低于检测限,但鳃、皮、脊骨和背骨呈现剂量浓度效应,各试验组较对照组显著升高(P0.05)。综上所述,在本实验条件下,在俄罗斯鲟饲料中加入10%比例的南极磷虾粉时获得最佳生长效果和较低的组织氟累积。