微波固相法合成蛋氨酸螯合铬及其品质分析

试验以蛋氨酸和六水氯化铬为原料,研究微波固相法合成氨基酸螯合铬的最佳工艺条件,并对产品进行理化分析。结果表明,最佳工艺参数为配体摩尔比3:1,微波功率600w,微波辐射时间150s,引发水剂量20mL,此条件下产率可达到56.7%。采用红外光谱分析,确认所制的产品为络合盐。试验结果表明螯合率为82.1%,产品纯度为91%,其中蛋氨酸含量为86.63%,Cr含量为11.50%。在水溶液中蛋氨酸螯合铬比较稳定;在生理条件下,产品溶解性较好。     

移动式温室大棚卷帘机控制系统改进设计

文章分析了目前设施农业上常用的温室大棚卷帘机的工作原理和特点,探讨了卷帘机设计上存在的主要问题和安全隐患,改进设计了移动式温室大棚卷帘机控制系统,改进后的控制系统可根据保温帘的卷进位置自动控制电机的启动与停止,从而控制保温帘的卷放。有效解决了因操作不当使保温卷越位,导致卷起的保温帘从棚顶的最高处坠落的问题。     

蛋氨酸二肽在幼鲤饲料中的有效性研究及幼鲤蛋氨酸需求量的再评估

本试验通过在低蛋氨酸(Met)饲料中添加不同水平的蛋氨酸二肽(Met-Met),评价Met-Met在幼鲤饲料中的有效性并确定幼鲤的Met需求量。试验用幼鲤初始体重为(16.7±0.08)g,随机分为7组,每组6个重复,每桶30尾鱼。在以豌豆浓缩蛋白作为蛋白质源的低Met基础饲料[Met含量为4.8g/kg,半胱氨酸(Cys)含量为4.4g/kg]中分别添加0、1.5、2.0、2.5、3.0、4.0g/kg的Met-Met,饲喂6组试验鱼,分别命名为M0、M1.5、M2、M2.5、M3、M4组;剩余的1组试验鱼饲喂含10%鱼粉同时补充3.0g/kg晶体DL-Met的试验饲料,命名为FM组,作为正对照组。饲养试验持续10周。结果显示:与M0组相比,各Met-Met添加组幼鲤的末均重、增重率、特定生长率均显著增加(P<0.05),而饲料系数均显著降低(P<0.05)。分别以增重率、饲料系数为评价指标,通过一元二次回归模型分析获得幼鲤Met需求量分别为8.1、7.9g/kg;以蛋白质沉积率为评价指标,通过折线模型分析获得幼鲤Met需求量为7.6g/kg。饲料中添加不同水平Met-Met均可显著增加全鱼中Met、Met+Cys、赖氨酸(Lys)、色氨酸(Trp)、异亮氨酸(Ile)、亮氨酸(Leu)、缬氨酸(Val)、组氨酸(His)的含量(P<0.05),而各Met-Met添加组与FM组之间均没有显著差异(P>0.05)。M0组幼鲤必需氨基酸沉积率显著低于其余各组(P<0.05);M0、M1.5、M2、M2.5组的Met沉积率显著高于FM组(P<0.05);除M1.5组外,各Met-Met添加组的Lys沉积率均显著高于M0组(P<0.05),且各Met-Met添加组与FM组之间差异不显著(P>0.05)。M4组血浆高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)/总胆固醇(TC)显著高于FM和M0组(P<0.05)。M2、M4组血浆总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)显著高于M0组(P<0.05)。血浆丙二醛(MDA)含量以M3组最低,显著低于除M1.5、M4组外的其余各组(P<0.05)。由此得出,在Met缺乏的基础饲料(含4.8g/kgMet)中添加适量Met-Met可有效促进幼鲤摄食和生长,促进脂肪的转运与代谢,提高抗氧化能力。基于增重率、饲料系数和蛋白质沉积率的回归分析,获得幼鲤Met需求量为7.6~8.1g/kg(饲料中Met-Met添加量为2.95~3.47g/kg),占饲料蛋白质的2.0%~2.1%。饲料中Met-Met所提供的Met与天然蛋白质源中Met在消化吸收与利用上特性相似,以Met-Met为来源评估幼鲤Met需求量会更加准确。     

A novel small molecule Met inhibitor, PF2362376, exhibits biological activity against osteosarcoma

The receptor tyrosine kinase Met is dysregulated in several human cancers including osteosarcoma (OSA) in which overexpression is a negative prognostic indicator and enforced Met expression in normal osteoblasts leads to genomic instability and malignant transformation. Met is also known to be inappropriately expressed in canine OSA tumour samples and cell lines. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential utility of an orally bioavailable small molecule Met inhibitor, PF2362376, against canine OSA cell lines as a prelude to future clinical work. PF2362376 inhibited phosphorylation of Met, Gab‐1, Erk and Akt, but not of Src or STAT3. Furthermore, PF2362376 inhibited proliferation of canine OSA cell lines and induced cell death at biologically achievable concentrations. Last, activities associated with Met signalling including migration, invasion, branching morphogenesis and colony formation in soft agar were blocked by PF2362376. These studies support the notion that Met is a relevant target for therapeutic intervention in OSA.     

蛋氨酸对北京鸭的毒性研究

本试验采用单因子完全随机设计,144只21日龄北京鸭随机分为3组。1组为对照组,饲喂基础日粮,2组、3组为基础日粮中添加1%、2%DL-蛋氨酸(DL-Met),研究过量蛋氨酸对北京鸭的影响。试验结果表明:添加1%、2%蛋氨酸降低采食量和日增重(P<0.05);添加2%蛋氨酸组料肉比升高(P<0.05);2%蛋氨酸组血浆中白蛋白(Alb)含量降低(P<0.05),谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)的含量增加(P<0.05),表明对肝细胞造成损伤,产生了毒性作用。     

中国梅(Prunus mume)的植物学分类与园艺学分类

本文系在对梅所作之分类总结基础上所提出的一套全新方案。梅的植物学分类包括对已发表的29个变种、变型的整理,并增添了新发表的3变种、1变型;其园艺分类则将不同品种(栽培变种)纳入中国梅分类系统(1991)中。新系统的特点有二:一是把植物学分类与园艺学分类既区分开又适当联系起来,二是对果梅与花梅品种实行统一的2元(演化关系为主,形态、应用为次)4级(4系、7类、14组,24型)分类。     

Effects of dietary dl‐methionyl‐dl‐methionine (Met‐Met) on growth performance,body composition and haematological parameters of white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) fed with plant protein–based diets

A 10‐week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of supplementing different levels of dl ‐methionyl‐dl ‐methionine (AQUAVI^® Met‐Met) in plant protein–based diets on Litopenaeus vannamei. The positive control (PC) and negative control (NC) diets were designed with 20% and 8% fishmeal respectively, and other six diets were formulated with graded levels of Met‐Met from 0.05% to 0.30% with a 0.05% increment on the basis of NC diet (MM 0.05–MM 0.3). Six replicates were randomly assigned to each diet with 50 shrimp each having initial weight of 0.98 ± 0.02 g. The variation of FM concentration from 20% to 8% and supplemented with graded levels of Met‐Met did not affect the survival rate, feed conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio, whole body and muscle proximate compositions (p > 0.05). However, diets with ≤0.20% Met‐Met supplementation resulted in significantly increased weight gain and specific growth rate, after which both parameters reached plateau. Shrimp fed the NC diet showed significantly lower total essential amino acid (EAA) content in muscle (p < 0.05). Supplementation of Met‐Met significantly improved apparent digestibility coefficients of dry matter, crude protein, lipid, phosphorus and EAAs (p < 0.05). Based on broken‐line analysis, the methionine requirement for white shrimp was estimated to be 0.87% when using Met‐Met as methionine source.     

氨基酸缺乏对母犊牛生长和日粮养分消化代谢的影响

研究赖氨酸（Lys）、蛋氨酸（Met）和苏氨酸（Thr）缺乏对3-6月龄中国荷斯坦母犊牛生长和日粮养分消化代谢的影响,为生产中判断母犊牛氨基酸缺乏症提供依据,并对后续母犊牛氨基酸需要量的确定提供理论依据。【方法】 72头84日龄中国荷斯坦母犊牛,按体重和出生时间相近原则随机分为4个处理组,限量饲喂4种不同氨基酸模式的饲粮,分别为氨基酸平衡组（PC组）、赖氨酸扣除组（PC-Lys）、蛋氨酸扣除组（PC-Met）和苏氨酸扣除组（PC-Thr）,氨基酸扣除量均为PC组的30%。试验期97d,其中预饲期7d,正试期90d。于正试期第1、30、60、90天测定犊牛体重、体尺和乳头长度;在132—138和173—179日龄每组分别选取6头健康犊牛进行2期消化代谢试验,收集粪、尿和饲料样品,测定营养物质表观消化率及氮代谢;正试期每天记录采食量。【结果】与饲喂氨基酸平衡饲粮的犊牛相比：（1）扣除Lys显著降低90—180日龄犊牛饲料转化效率（P＜0.05）,日增重（ADG）为各组最低（P＞0.05）;扣除Met和Thr对90—180日龄犊牛ADG和饲料转化效率没有显著影响（P＞0.05）;（2）扣除Lys或Thr显著降低犊牛粪便评分（P＜0.05）,但对腹泻率没有影响（P＞0.05）,以PC-Lys组腹泻率最高;3）扣除Lys、Met或Thr均不影响犊牛体尺（P＞0.05）,但扣除Lys后犊牛乳头长度增长率均低于PC组（P＞0.05）;4）扣除Lys、Met或Thr不影响日粮养分表观消化率（P＞0.05）,但扣除Lys显著降低173—179日龄犊牛氮利用率和氮生物学价值（P＜0.05）。【结论】在本试验设定的氨基酸平衡饲粮基础上,扣除Lys对犊牛生长发育和氮代谢有不利影响,扣除Thr影响犊牛腹泻,扣除Met对犊牛无明显影响。     

Met interacts with EGFR and Ron in canine osteosarcoma

The receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) Met is known to be over‐expressed in canine osteosarcoma (OSA). In human cancers, the RTKs Met, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and Ron are frequently co‐expressed and engage in heterodimerization, altering signal transduction and promoting resistance to targeted therapeutics. We found that EGFR and Ron are expressed in canine OSA cell lines and primary tissues, EGFR and Ron are frequently phosphorylated in OSA tumour samples, and Met is co‐associated with EGFR and Ron in canine OSA cell lines. Transforming growth factor alpha (TGFα) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) stimulation induced amplification of ERK1/2 and STAT3 phosphorylation in OSA cells and Met was phosphorylated following TGFα stimulation providing evidence for receptor cross‐talk. Lastly, treatment of OSA cells with combined gefitinib and crizotinib inhibited cell proliferation in an additive manner. Together, these data support the notion that Met, EGFR and Ron interact in OSA cells and as such, may represent viable targets for therapeutic intervention.     

JL-50型日光温室卷帘机的设计研究

根据生产实践的需要,本文在分析JL 50型日光温室卷帘机必要性的基础上,介绍了JL 50型日光温室卷帘机的结构特点和工作原理,并详细论述了卷帘机的理论设计及技术参数的选择。