不同土壤处理对番茄根结线虫防治效果及产量的影响

为了建立安全、高效、绿色的蔬菜根结线虫防治技术,研究了"臭氧水+生物菌肥+噻唑膦""臭氧水+生物菌肥+阿维菌素""臭氧水+生物菌肥""生物菌肥+噻唑膦"及生物菌肥5种土壤处理对设施番茄根结线虫病的防治效果和产量的影响。结果表明:以臭氧水为基础组配的土壤处理防治根结线虫,对秋冬茬、冬春茬2茬番茄根结线虫病的防效均在90.0%及以上,对番茄产量的恢复或增加效果明显,其中"臭氧水+噻唑膦+生物菌肥"土壤处理对番茄根结线虫防治效果最好,"臭氧水+生物菌肥"土壤处理最为安全、经济,且防治效果较好,建议广大菜农积极应用。     

黄姜—鲜食玉米优质高产高效种植技术

黄姜不耐强光,而玉米套种则可以为黄姜提供一定的遮荫条件。为实现黄姜优质高效生产,济宁市农业科学研究院探索出了黄姜—鲜食玉米优质高产高效种植模式。从田块的选择、催芽、整地、播种、田间管理、病虫害防治等几个方面重点介绍了黄姜的种植技术。     

辣椒虎皮病的发生与防治初探

为了解济宁市辣椒虎皮病的发生情况,并提供防治策略,在2016—2018年对其致病因素进行调查并开展了防治试验。调查结果显示:辣椒虎皮病危害症状有4个类型,分别是橙黄花斑型、黑色霉斑型、一侧变白型、微红斑型;室内进行分离镜检,分别从橙黄花斑型、黑霉斑型上分离出炭疽病菌(Colletotrichum piperatum),微红斑型上分离出镰刀菌(Fusarium sp.),一侧变白型多数未分离到菌,少数分离到链格孢菌(Alternaria alternata)、青霉菌(Penicillium sp.)、镰刀菌(Fusarium sp.)等真菌;影响虎皮病发生的因素有:品种、气象条件、种植方式等。根据田间试验,发现防治效果为25%咪鲜胺乳油1 000倍液(81.47%)25%嘧菌酯悬乳剂1 000倍液(81.40%)50%多菌灵可湿性粉剂800倍液(78.19%)46%氢氧化铜水分散颗粒剂500倍液(76.71%)。     

Analysis of Sediment Source of Watershed in Western Shanxi of the Loess Plateau

1 INTRODUCTIONThe Loess Plateau is the most drastic soil erosion regionin China, with the most severe water erosion. Thedistribution of types and intensity of erosion not onlyhave regional diversity but also have perpendicularvariation. In the small watershed, there are differencesin erosion characters among its upper, middle and lowerreaches. It is very significant for taking rationalmeasures of soil and water conservation and forpreventing soil and water loss to analyze the relationbe…     

Ultrastructural and Extracellular Protein Changes in Cell Suspension Cultures of Populus euphratica Associated with Low Temperature-induced Cold Acclimation

Populus euphratica Olive is the only tree species that can grow in the saline land and also survive cold winters in northwest China, and it plays a very important role in stabilizing the vulnerable ecosystem there. A cell suspension culture was initiated from callus derived from plantlets of Populus euphratica. Cold acclimation was induced (LT50 of-17.5 ℃) in cell suspension at 4-5 ℃ in the dark for 30 days and the freezing tolerance increased from LT50 of-12.5 ℃ in nonacclimated cells to LT50 of-17.5 ℃ in cold-acclimated cells. Microvacuolation, cytoplasmic augmentation and accumulation of starch granules were observed in cells that were cold-acclimated by exposure to low temperatures. Several qualitative and quantitative changes in proteins were noted during cold acclimation. Antibodies to carrot extracellular (apoplastic) 36 kD antifreeze protein did not cross react on immunoelectroblots with extracellular proteins in cell suspension culture medium of Populus euphratica, indicating no common epitopes in the carrot 36 kD antifreeze protein and P euphratica extracellular proteins. The relationship of these changes to cold acclimation in Populus euphratica cell cultures was discussed.     

Strategic Trend of Chinese Urban Forestry Development

1 STRATEGY BACKGROUND1.1 Quickening of Urbanization ProcessSince the reform and opening-up in China in 1978,economic community developed rapidly. By the endof 2003, GDP has exceeded $1 000 billion. With therapid development of Chinese economy, residentialmode focusing on rural population is now changing,urbanization process is quickening, traditional cityscale is expanding into metropolis (Tianjin, Xi’an,Chengdu, Chongqing, etc.) or super cities (Beijing,Shanghai, Guangzhou, etc.…     

Construction of cDNA Library from Populus euphratica

1 Introduction Populus euphratica is a salt tolerant tree species, which is mainly distributed in the desert regions in northwest China (Wei 1993). Moreover, it is the only large tree species, which can survive and develop into forest in these arid and saline-alkali areas. P. euphratica forest plays a very important role in restraining the expansion of desert, maintaining ecological environment in west China, protecting the biological diversity and raising the local people抯 living standard…     

Analysis on Schistosomiasis Occurrence And Preventive Measures in Three Gorges Reservoir

Recently, due to more flooding, schistosomiasis is in expanding tendency in some areas. With Three Gorges Engineering progress, schistosomiasis will occurr potentially in Three Gorges reservoir. In order to control the disease, some methods must be applied, e.g. chemicals, biological measures. To some extent every way has its specific effect. However, the vital way is improving the environment and reducing the amount of snails. One of the effective ways is conducting forestry ecological engineering that focuses on snail control and schistosomiasis prevention. The practical ways cover such as pollution controlling, ditches surface hardening. Especially for water-level-fluctuation zone, conducting forestry ecological engineering to improve environment to prevent snails＇ propagation is significant and vital. By operating the project environment could be greatly improved and people＇s living conditions would be bettered.     

涂饰工艺对木质体育地板表面滑动摩擦系数的影响研究

采用正交试验法,研究涂饰工艺对木质体育地板表面滑动摩擦系数的影响,试验因素为面漆涂饰次数、涂料种类和面板砂光目数,试验测试指标为表面滑动摩擦系数。方差分析结果表明,涂料种类与测试指标呈极为显著的影响关系,水性面漆涂饰的试件表面滑动摩擦系数相对较高;其他2个因素与测试指标之间无显著影响关系。砂光目数极可能对表面滑动摩擦系数有一定影响,但这一影响关系被底漆涂饰工艺所覆盖,因此所有试件的表面滑动摩擦系数全部达到了国家标准的要求。     

Improvement of Appearance Traits of elite Rice Zhenshan 97B by Molecular Introgression of Targeted about 800 kb Interval from Indica Rice Jiafuzhan Genome

Rice appearance trait is mainly mean grain length (GL), grain width (GW), ratio of length and width (L/W), chalkiness (CH) and transparence (TR). Appearance is the first impression, and rice appearance traits effect significantly the value of commodity. Hybrid rice is relatively low quality, especially on rice appearance quality,which restricts partially its extend and badly export of hybrid seed and rice in China.Shanyou 63, the most famous hybrid rice combination of China, could not be also sustainable application because of its poor qualities. In this studies, We attempt to improve appearance quality of the elite rice maintainer of Zhenshan 97B by using molecular approach of genomic interval targeted introgression. Three F2 populations were constructed to study the classical and molecular genetic of rice appearance traits, at the same time, molecular marker-asisted toimprove the main maintainer line, Zhenshan 97B were performed. There some following results:Three F2 populations were constructed based on crosses of Guangluai 4×Jiafuzhan (GJ popu.), Minghui 86×Jiafuzhan (MJ popu.) and Zhenshan 97B×Jiafuzhan (ZJ popu.). ZJ popu and GJ popu were produced to reconstruct the linkage maps related with rice appearance traits based on BSA, and detect QTL of target traits based on IM.In ZJ popu, 9 QTLs of target traits were detected. The interval, RM169～RM516 on Chromosome 5, was genetic locus of GW, L/W, CH and BW, and the explained variances were 10.9%, 14.9%, 12.0% and 14.2%, respectively.RM214 on chromosome 7, RM339 on chromosome 8 were genetic loci if CH and BW, and the explained variances were 9.4%, 10.0%, 11.0% and 12.1%. besides there is a genetic locus, RM347, of G/W on chromosome 3, and the explained varance was 10.3%. In GJ popu, 5 QTLs of rice appearance traits were detected. The interval, RM169-RM516 on Chromosome 5, were also the genetic loci of GW, CH and BW, and the explained variances were 9.0%, 12.5%, and 13.6%, respectively. RM264～RM80 on chromosome 8 was the genetic loci of GW amd L/W,and the explained variances were 14.7% and 13.4%. The genotypes of all QTLs, except RM214, from Jiafuzhan contributed to improving riee appearance traits.The research was to improve the rice appearance quality of Zhenshan 97B by introgressing QTLs of rice appearance traits from Jiafuzhan, a donor parent, by means of MAS in the process of recurrent backcrossing, 4 SSR markers were used to detect the target genotypes from donor parent, and 70 SSR primers to identify the genetic background of recurrent parent. Consequently, there were 19 target individuals in BC3, in which the mean value of GL, GW, L/W, CH and BW were 6.06±0.04mm, 2.50±0.02mm, 2.43±0.02, 29.5±2.7 and 29.4±2.7%, respectively,and the mean homologous degree (HD) to recurrent parent is up to 98.22%. Compared to Zhenshan 97B, GL, CH and BW decreased 0.17 mm, 34.9% and 34.5% respectively and however L/W increased 0.19. which accounted separately for 25.37%, 54.79%, 54.57% and 10.50% of thedifference of every trait between two parents. It is very luckly to find a individual, 13BC2-3BC3 line, whose GL, GW, G/W, CH and BW were 6.04 mm, 2.43 mm, 2.49,2.5% and 2.5% separately, There is very important signification for it to be used in hybrid rice breeding improving appearance traits. In the research, MAS efficiency of 3 loci (with 4 markers ) was 5.68% and coincident degree was 73.08%.