W/O微乳液体系中SA和MS清除·O_2~-的研究

以水溶液体系作为对照,利用分光光度法研究了W/O型微乳液体系中水杨酸（SA）和水杨酸甲酯（MS）清除超氧阴离子自由基（·O2-）的性能.结果发现,在水浴时间为20min、pH值为8.20和邻苯三酚加入量适宜的情况下,W/O微乳液体系中SA、MS对·O2-的清除率分别可达72.92%、81.47%.微小的pH值变化会引起邻苯三酚自氧化速率的显著变化,电解质溶液对其也有明显的影响,但对SA、MS清除·O2-的能力影响不大.     

水杨酸和水杨酸甲酯在植物抗虫中的作用及机制研究进展

本文综述了水杨酸(Salicylic acid,SA)、水杨酸甲酯(Methyl salicylate,MeSA)的生物合成途径、激活植物防御基因的表达而产生抗虫毒素或酶类、诱导植物释放互利素引诱天敌的研究进展,展望了SA和MeSA在虫害治理中的研究和应用前景。     

新型钴配合物为中性载体的水杨酸根电极研究

研究了基于水杨醛缩邻氨基苯酚合钴(Ⅱ)金属配合物[Co(Ⅱ)-SAAP]为中性载体的PVC膜阴离子电极。该电极对水杨酸根(Sal-)具有优良的电位响应性能和选择性并呈现出反Hofm e ister选择性行为,其选择性次序为Sal->C lO4->SCN->I->NO2->NO3->B r->C l->SO32->SO42-。在pH为5.0的磷酸盐缓冲体系中,电极电位呈现近能斯特响应,线性响应范围为9.0×10-6~1.0×10-1mol/L,斜率为-54.3 mV/dec(20℃),检出下限为5.0×10-6mol/L。采用交流阻抗技术和紫外可见光谱技术研究了电极的响应机理,结果表明配合物中心金属原子的结构以及载体本身的结构与电极的响应行为之间有非常密切的构效关系。该电极具有响应快、重现性好、检出限低、制备简单等优点。将电极用于药品分析,其结果令人满意。     

The influence of rapid growth on sodium salicylate pharmacokinetics in male turkeys

The aim of this study was to assess the influence of growth on the pharmacokinetics of sodium salicylate (SS) in male turkeys. SS was administered intravenously at a dose of 50 mg/kg. Plasma drug concentrations were assessed by high‐performance liquid chromatography, and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by noncompartmental analysis. As the age increased from 6 to 13 weeks (body weight increase from 2.35 to 9.43 kg), median body clearance decreased from 1.34 to 0.87 ml/min/kg. This caused a significant increase in the median mean residence time from 3.42 to 4.44 hr. Elimination phase proved to be biphasic and two elimination half‐lives (T_1/2el) were distinguished. Whereas T_1/2el1 was found to increase with age by 128%, T_1/2el2 represented a later but faster and less age‐dependent phase of elimination (increase by 56% in the respective groups). Volume of distribution decreased with age. These effects may lead to different therapeutic response to SS in turkeys of different age and body weights.     

9个产地6种杨树花中水杨苷含量测定方法的优化及其分布研究

建立HPLC法测定不同品种不同产地杨树花中水杨苷含量的方法,并对其分布进行研究。采用Waters XBrigeTM C18柱(4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm);流动相为水-甲醇-乙腈(92∶4∶4);流速为1.0 m L/min;柱温为30℃;检测波长为267 nm。并对水杨苷含量进行分析。水杨苷的线性范围为0.04208～0.4208 mg/m L(r=0.9996),平均回收率为101.6%(RSD=1.4%)。毛白杨中的水杨苷含量均高于其他品种,其中山东和陕西的含量最高,加拿大杨、黑杨和川杨中水杨苷含量最低。该法快速、简便、准确,可用于测定杨树花中水杨苷的含量;不同地域不同品种杨树花中的水杨苷含量有较大差异,可为制定杨树花质量标准提供科学依据。     

NO3-N的水杨酸比色法快速测定

探讨了水杨酸比色法测定 NO3- N的基本原理与影响因素 ,确定了测定的线性范围 ,并用土壤及水体样品进行了标定。结果表明 ,1水杨酸比色法测定 NO- 3的吸收峰为 4 10～ 4 2 0 nm ,检出极限可达 0 .1mg/L ,比标准的酚二磺酸比色法灵敏 2～ 5倍 ;2水杨酸比色法测定 NO- 3,颜色稳定性强 ,加盖情况下可保存 15 d而无显著变化 ;3改进后的方法适应 p H范围大 (p H>2 ) ,可掩蔽高达 0 .2 m ol/L Cl-及 2 mg/L NO- 2 的干扰。研究认为 ,改进水杨酸比色法测定 NO3- N简便、快速 ,结果准确     

铜席夫碱配合物中性载体水杨酸根离子电极的研究

报道了以Cu(Ⅱ)配合物为中性载体的PVC膜电极对水杨酸根(Sal-)具有优良的电位响应性能和选择性并呈现出反Hofmeister选择性行为,其选择性从大到小次序为Sal-,ClO4-,SCN-,I-,NO2-,Cl-,F-,Br-,H2PO4-.在pH=4.0的磷酸盐缓冲体系中,电极电位呈现近能斯特响应,线性响应范围为3.0×10-6～1.0×10-1 mol/L Sal-,斜率为-58.7 mV/dec(20℃),检测下限为1.5×10-6 mol/L.采用交流阻抗技术研究了电极的响应机理,结果表明,配合物中心金属原子的结构以及载体本身的结构与电极的响应行为之间有非常密切的构效关系.电极可用于药品分析.     

西花蓟马取食、机械损伤和外源物质诱导对番茄植株次生物质及西花蓟马解毒酶的影响

为阐明寄主植物番茄受害虫西花蓟马Frankliniella occidentalis取食、机械损伤及外源物质茉莉酸和水杨酸甲酯诱导后次生物质含量的变化,以及害虫如何通过调整体内解毒酶活性适应植物的防御反应,采用生化分析法测定了各诱导处理下次生物质黄酮、总酚和单宁含量及西花蓟马体内解毒酶多功能氧化酶(MFO)、乙酰胆碱酯酶(AchE)、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(GSTs)和羧酸酯酶(CarE)活性的变化。结果表明:番茄叶片在各诱导处理下黄酮含量在36 h和48 h时均显著高于对照,相应时间段茉莉酸处理与水杨酸甲酯处理的黄酮含量升高最显著,分别达32.07 mg/g和31.76 mg/g;各诱导处理后24 h和36 h时,单宁和总酚含量均有不同程度下降,但总酚含量在48 h时显著升高,其中虫害处理增加最显著,达34.51 mg/g。取食各种诱导处理番茄植株6 h时,西花蓟马体内MFO活性均升高,AchE活性均受到抑制;取食除机械损伤外的其它诱导处理叶片6 h后,西花蓟马体内GSTs活性均被抑制,CarE活性均显著上升,其中取食水杨酸甲酯处理叶片的西花蓟马体内GSTs活性下降幅度最大,而CarE活性升高最显著,分别为3 882.35 U/mg和106.33 U/mg。表明各诱导处理不仅可以使番茄次生物质含量发生变化,诱导植株产生防御反应,也会使西花蓟马改变解毒酶的活性以适应寄主植物的诱导抗性,即寄主植物和害虫通过防御与反防御相互适应。     

Methyl jasmonate and methyl salicylate, but not cis-jasmone, evoke defenses against infection of Arabidopsis thaliana by Orobanche aegyptiaca

The mechanism by which some plant species develop resistance to the root parasite, broomrape ( Orobanche aegyptiaca ), is still not clear. Resistance to other pathogens can be induced by methyl jasmonate and systemic acquired resistance can be induced by treatment with salicylic acid, while cis -jasmone can act as a signaling molecule in plant–insect interactions. The three compounds studied, methyl jasmonate, cis -jasmone, and methyl salicylate, were applied to Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings that were then transferred to Nunc cell culture plates and exposed to the germinating seeds of O. aegyptiaca . The number of infections of the roots of single seedlings of A. thaliana was then quantified. Exposure for 24 h to very low concentrations of methyl jasmonate or methyl salicylate, which were then removed, effectively induced resistance to infection of A. thaliana by O. aegyptiaca , reducing attachment and tubercle formation by 90%. cis -Jasmone was far less effective in inducing a similar resistance to infection. These results support the view that methyl jasmonate can induce almost full resistance to infection by broomrape. The fact that such resistance is not observed under normal conditions of infection supports the idea that the root parasite does not evoke the full defensive response in the host plant.     

松材线虫侵染对马尾松体内有机酸及酶的影响

以马尾松为实验材料,研究松材线虫侵染对马尾松体内苯甲酸含量、水杨酸含量、苯甲酸羟化酶及水杨酸羟化酶的活性的影响。结果表明：苯甲酸和水杨酸2种有机酸含量与马尾松松材线虫病的病情密切相关,并随着病情的发展,其含量逐渐升高,到病重（第12天）后下降;苯甲酸被松材线虫侵染后的马尾松体内苯甲酸羟化酶的活性持续上升,于病重前（第9天）达到最大,以后持续下降,而水杨酸羟化酶的活性变化不明显。