产气荚膜梭菌α毒素基因的定点突变与表达

选择可能影响α毒素生物活性的氨基酸相关碱基位点进行定点突变,构建α毒素基因的突变体并在大肠杆菌中表达。利用PCR定点突变技术,进行第68位组氨酸→亮氨酸的定点突变,构建含α毒素突变基因表达质粒的重组菌株BL21(DE3)pLys(pXMCPA02)。结果表明,α毒素突变基因第287位核苷酸由A→T,经酶切鉴定和序列测定证实,构建的重组质粒pXMCPA02含有α毒素突变基因,且基因序列和阅读框架正确;重组菌株BL21(DE3)pLys(pXMCPA02)表达产物经SDS-PAGE分析,其表达量占菌体总蛋白相对含量的33.82%。因此,已成功构建了α毒素基因突变体,并实现了在重组大肠杆菌中的表达。     

A型产气荚膜梭菌重组菌株BL21（DE3）

采用限制性核酸内切酶酶切鉴定含α毒素突变基因的重组质粒,同时用SDS-PAGE检测不同条件下α毒素突变基因的表达情况。经酶切鉴定证实重组质粒pXMCPA02含有α毒素突变基因且基因序列和阅读框架正确。同时以IPTG为诱导剂诱导α毒素突变基因表达并对其表达条件进行优化。优化表达的结果是：培养基pH7.5,培养温度37℃,IPTG浓度0.8 mmol/L,菌体生长密度OD600达到0.8时加入IPTG,诱导时间5 h,此时重组菌株pXMCPA02蛋白表达量为35%。从而实现了α毒素突变基因的高效表达,为A型产气荚膜梭菌α毒素基因工程菌苗的生产工艺研究提供了可靠的试验数据。     

羊魏氏梭菌PCR方法的建立及初步应用

根据羊魏氏梭菌A、B、C、D、E型共有的α毒素基因,设计了1对引物,通过对PCR反应条件进行优化,建立了羊魏氏梭菌PCR检测方法。该方法扩增条带大小为255 bp,最低核酸检测量A型为0.39 ng/L、B型为0.62 ng/L、C型为0.52 ng/L、D型为0.87 ng/L、E型为0.92 ng/L,而对羊大肠杆菌、羊链球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、羊多杀性巴氏杆菌的扩增结果均为阴性。应用该PCR方法对54份临床样本进行检测,PCR检测结果高于细菌学和生化检测结果。结果表明,该PCR方法具有很好的特异性和敏感性,可用于临床羊魏氏梭菌病的早期快速诊断。     

腐败梭菌a毒素的研究进展

就腐败梭菌?毒素的理化性质、生物学特性、结构与功能、致病机制、免疫原性和应用等方面国内外的研究进展进行了论述,以期为腐败梭菌病的防治以及病原学和其他相关分子生物学的研究提供借鉴。     

Molecular structure and function of the carboxy-terminus of the alpha-toxin from Clostridium perfringens type A

In order to interpret the molecular structure and biological characteristics of Clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin (CPA), the CPA251-370 gene was cloned and the 120 amino acid carboxy terminal of CPA (CPA251-370) was obtained. The secondary and three-dimensional (3D) structures of CPA251-370 were predicted. The secondary structure of CPA251-370 consisted primarily of 35.48% β-sheets and 44.35% random coils. Compared with the CPA toxin consisting of 10 α-helices and eight β-sheets, the 3D structure of CPA251-370 only contained eight β-sheets. The circular dichroism (CD) spectrum detection showed that the CD spectrum of CPA251-370 changed slightly compared with the CD spectrum of CPA. Biological activity assays showed that CPA251-370 had lost the phospholipase C (PLC) activity and haemolytic activity of CPA. More importantly, the mice immunized with CPA251-370 were protected against a challenge with 1 MLD C. perfringens type A strain C57-1. This study laid a solid foundation for explaining the relationship between molecular structure and biological characteristics of CPA in the future. Our research also provides CPA251-370 as a candidate strains for genetic engineering subunit vaccines of C. perfringens type A.     

乳糖诱导剂对重组C型产气荚膜梭菌α毒素基因表达的影响

采用限制性核酸内切酶酶切鉴定含α毒素基因的重组质粒,用SDS—PAGE检测不同条件下α毒素基因的表达情况。经酶切鉴定证实重组质粒pXETA02含有α毒素基因且基因序列和阅读框架正确。结果表明,以乳糖诱导α毒素基因表达的优化条件为：培养基pH7．0,培养温度37℃,菌体生长密度D600达到1．0时分批添加0．5g／L乳糖,诱导5h,此时目的蛋白表达量为23％,实现了α毒素基因的高效表达。从而为C型产气荚膜梭菌α毒素基因工程菌苗的生产工艺研究提供了可靠的试验数据。     

Necrotic enteritis: Applications for the poultry industry

Considering market demands concerning the decreased use of growth promoters and anticoccidial drugs in feed formulations, the poultry industry has been trying to reduce or eliminate the inclusion of subtherapeutic doses of antimicrobials into feed. Formulating diets not only to meet birds’ nutrient requirements for growth but also for gastrointestinal health parameters is increasingly important. Maintenance and enhancement of intestinal integrity is essential for bird performance when antimicrobials are not included in feed, as commercial poultry face numerous enteric pathogen challenges. Necrotic enteritis has reemerged as an important disease of poultry in recent years. The reduction in the use of antimicrobials in poultry feeds has been attributed as one of the main contributing factors for the increasing incidence of necrotic enteritis (NE) in commercial poultry. Mortality due to NE is extremely high (1% daily mortality), which results in great economic losses. Economic losses due to NE are not only associated with high mortality, but also associated with decreases in bird performance and FE, particularly in subclinical cases of NE. Birds that survive NE outbreaks usually have a reduced ability to digest and absorb nutrients due to extensive damage to the mucosal lining, which ultimately results in reduced profitability.     

C型产气荚膜梭菌α、β1、β2毒素基因融合及免疫原性研究

为了构建具有良好免疫原性的α-β1-β2融合蛋白,利用PCR技术,从含C型产气荚膜梭菌α毒素基因的克隆质粒pETXAl中扩增出0.95 kb α毒素基因,将其连接到经Nco I单酶切并用碱性磷酸酶处理的含1.65 kb β1-β2融合基因的重组质粒pETXB1B2上,构建含2.6 kb α-β1-β2融合基因的表达质粒重组菌株BL21(DE3)(pETXAB1B2).经酶切鉴定和序列测定证实.构建的重组质粒pETXAB1B2含有α-β1-β2融合基因,且基因序列和阅读框架正确.经ELISA检测,重组菌株表达的α-β1-β2融合蛋白能够被α、β1和β2毒素抗体识别.表达优化结果表明,以IPTG为诱导荆诱导α-β1-β2融合基因表达的优化条件是:培养基PH 7.5,培养温度37℃,IPTG浓度0.4 mmol.L-1,菌体生长密度OD600达到1.0时加入IPTG,诱导时间5 h,此时α-β1-β2融合蛋白表达量为31.2%.免疫试验结果表明,α-β1-β2融合蛋白免疫的小鼠可以抵抗1MLD(最小致死量,minimum lethal dose)C型产气荚膜梭菌标准株C59-44毒素攻击,表明构建的重组菌株可以作为预防仔猪红痢基因工程亚单位苗的候选菌株.     

产气荚膜梭菌青海分离株α毒素基因克隆与表达

用PCR技术,从一株田间分离的产气荚膜梭菌基因组中扩增出了1 194 bp的α毒素基因,经限制性核酸内切酶EcoR Ⅰ和Nco Ⅰ双酶切处理后将其连接在经同样内切酶处理的载体pET\|28a(+)中的相应位点上,最后转化至受体菌BL21(DE3)中。经PCR、双酶切和核苷酸序列分析,证明重组质粒pET\|28a\|CPA含有产气荚膜梭菌α毒素基因,再将其转化至大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),经IPTG诱导,目的基因获得了良好表达。以羊抗α毒素多克隆血清进行Western blot分析,抗血清可与该融合蛋白发生特异性反应,表明目的蛋白具有较好的免疫原性。