凹凸棒泡腾消毒片制备工艺研究

【目的】制备凹凸棒泡腾消毒片并对其工艺条件进行优化,为提高农村窖水的净化效率提供参考。【方法】采用正交试验方法,以pH值、崩解时限、漂浮时间作为评价指标,对凹凸棒泡腾消毒片中柠檬酸与碳酸氢钠的质量配比、酸碱总量(质量分数)和聚乙二醇6000的用法进行优化;并对最佳工艺条件下制备的消毒片的品质进行了考察,对其水质净化效果进行了检测。【结果】确定的泡腾消毒片的制备工艺为:柠檬酸和碳酸氢钠最佳质量配比为0.6∶1,柠檬酸和碳酸氢钠总量为30%,采用5%聚乙二醇包裹碳酸氢钠;并以此工艺制成泡腾消毒片,经检测,其pH为6.16,崩解时限和漂浮时间分别为(130±3.8)和(315±3.5)s,室温下放置0和30d时的平均径向硬度分别为60和58N,最大发泡量为(7.0±0.5)mL;稳定性试验结果显示,在室温下放置0～360d,泡腾消毒片的各项指标均无显著差异;对取自甘肃省会宁县"母亲水窖"的窖水进行净化,结果显示,pH由8.40降低为7.10,色度、浑浊度分别由14.6度和11.2度降低为11.2度和8.2度,总硬度由390mg/L降为372mg/L,细菌总数由1.23×105 L-1降至9.1×104 L-1,大肠菌群、粪大肠菌群数分别由15和10L-1降为未检出。【结论】得到了凹凸棒泡腾消毒片的最佳制备工艺,且该工艺稳定、可靠;在此工艺下制得的消毒片对窖水水质有较好的净化效果。     

盐酸青藤碱加离子导入法 对透皮吸收的影响

〔摘要〕目的研究盐酸青藤碱的透皮吸收及离子导入方法对透皮吸收的影响、方法采用家兔离体皮肤及 Franz扩散池进行体外透皮试验,并以电子治疗仪作为外加电场进行离子导入,观测盐酸青藤碱注射液的透皮渗透 率,并比较外加电场对其透皮渗透量的影响、结果盐酸青藤碱的透皮量随着时间的延长而增加,符合零级动力学 方程( R==0.952 1)、外加电场可增加其透皮吸收量,其中以电场强度20 mA、通电时间15 min的透皮量较为I}想、 结论盐酸青藤碱注射液可透皮吸收,电场导入对其透皮吸收有一定的促进作用、木研究为临床中以盐酸青藤碱注 射液进行离子导入的治疗方法提供了实验依据、     

高效液相色谱法测定二甲基半胱胺截短侧耳素的研究

建立了以高效液相色谱法测定盐酸沃尼妙林关键中间体二甲基半胱胺截短侧耳素含量的检测方法。色谱条件为SepaxC18色谱柱(150×4.6mm,3μm)流动相为乙腈-磷酸缓冲液(pH2.5)(V/V= 40∶60), 流速为1ml/min,检测波长为205nm。 并对该检测方法进行了系统适用性、线性、精密度、重现性稳定性、检测限、定量限以及回收率的考察,结果均良好,可以用于盐酸沃尼妙林关键中间体的含量检测。     

HPLC法测定盐酸氯苯胍原粉含量

目的：采用高效液相色谱法测定盐酸氯苯胍的含量。方法：样品经1％盐酸甲醇萃取．以SHIMADZUC8色谱柱（250mm×4．6mm,5μm）分离,甲醇和2．5％的磷酸溶液以体积比75比25的混合液为流动相,在检测波长为317nm处测定。结果：峰面积与盐酸氯苯胍的质量浓度在1—100．0mg·L^-1范围内呈线性关系。标准加入回收率为（n=6）95．2％,相对标准偏差（n=5）小于0．5％。     

盐酸阿苯达唑亚砜的合成

以阿苯达唑为原料,采用一锅合成法,通过氧化、酸化反应得到目标产物盐酸阿苯达唑亚砜。以丙酮为反应溶剂,当阿苯达唑和盐酸的投料比为30 g∶13 mL,阿苯达唑和双氧水的投料比为1∶1.01(n∶n),反应时间为30 min时,制备的盐酸阿苯达唑亚砜的收率为95.78%,通过IR、1H-NMR1、3C-NMR和ESI-MS分析对其产物结构进行了确证。     

两种药物驱除放牧绵羊线虫的效果对比试验

选用伊维菌素注射剂按0.1,0.2,0.3mg/kg剂量和盐酸左旋咪唑片剂7.5,15,22.5mg/kg剂量对放牧绵羊进行驱虫试验,分别于给药后7d、14d检查效果。结果：伊维菌素组第7d消化道线虫的虫卵减少率分别为99.10%,99.18%和99.21%。14d分别为97.18%,98.91%,99.21%;肺线虫幼虫7d无明显变化,14d减少率分别为96.59%,96.51%,97.37%。左旋咪唑组第7d消化道线虫的虫卵减少率分别为67.79%,93.17%和95.52%,14d分别为54.68%,83.62%,84.30%;对肺线虫第7d幼虫减少率分别为62.76%,58.13%和45.74%,14d分别为0、72.76%,83.72%。试验表明伊维菌素注射液驱虫效果明显优于左旋咪唑片剂。     

左旋咪唑擦剂的研制及其驱虫试验

用自制氮酮作透皮剂研制的１５％盐酸左旋咪唑擦剂，经ＨＰＬＣ法进行离体鼠皮透皮吸收率测定，结果表明氮酮含量在３％时左旋咪唑透皮吸收效果最佳。家兔血药浓度检测结果表明，左旋咪唑擦剂透皮吸收血药浓度与肌主左旋咪唑血药浓工相近。驱虫试验表明，猪按０．１ｍｌ／ｋｇ涂药对猪蛔虫的驱虫率和虫卵减少率远达１００％。     

Efficacy of thiabendazole, mebendazole, levamisole and ivermectin against gullet worm, Gongylonema pulchrum: in vitro and in vivo studies

In vitro and in vivo studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of thiabendazole, mebendazole, levamisole and ivermectin against Gongylonema pulchrum. For in vitro assays, third-stage larvae (L3) incubated with the drugs were administered orally to mice and the ability of larvae to invade the gastric mucosa of the animals was examined. After incubation, only those larvae treated with high concentrations of levamisole (1 and 10 microg/ml) were tightly coiled with intestines exhibiting morphological abnormalities. Good dose-response data for the drugs tested was observed at the time of worm recovery from mice, with no worms recovered at the two highest concentrations of levamisole. In vivo efficacy of the drugs against adult worms was evaluated in six groups of three rabbits, each of which was infected with 30 L3 of G. pulchrum and treated with thiabendazole at 100 mg/kg for 3 days, mebendazole at 70 mg/kg for 3 days, levamisole as a single dose of 8 mg/kg, and subcutaneously injected ivermectin as a single dose of 0.2 mg/kg or vehicles of the drugs (control) at 4 months post-infection. Necropsy 14 days after treatment revealed that levamisole, mebendazole and ivermectin reduced worm burdens by 63.2%, 22.8% and 25.8%, respectively, with no reductions in worms observed with thiabendazole. The surviving worms were principally found in the esophagus with the remainder distributed among the buccal mucosa, the tongue, and/or pharyngeal mucosa in all groups. A number of morphologically abnormal eggs were observed within the uterus and ovijector in female worms recovered from the thiabendazole-treated group. These findings suggest that levamisole exhibits in vivo efficacy against G. pulchrum infection and that the larval invasion tests using mice could be used to screen for anthelmintic susceptibility of nematodes.     

西咪替丁在体内对地塞米松预处理鸡免疫状态的影响

对地塞米松预处理鸡投以１０－１００ｍｇ／ｋｇ剂量的西咪替丁,进行了后者对前者作用影响的观察。结果表明：地塞米松能抑制伴刀豆球蛋白Ａ（ｃｏｎＡ）引起的鸡外周血淋巴细胞（ＢＰＬ）之ＩＬ－２活性,而西咪替丁对这种抑制作用有显著的拮抗作用;地塞米松能抑制动物对绵工细胞（ＳＲＢＣ）和牛血清白蛋白（ＢＳＡ）等２种胸腺依赖性抗原和非胸腺依赖性抗原流产布鲁氏菌（ＢＡ）的抗体应答,但这种抑制作用会因西咪替丁逆转;西     

三种呼吸系统兽药制剂中非法添加盐酸溴己新、吲哚美辛的HPLC-PDA检测方法的建立

为检测麻杏石甘散、氟苯尼考注射液中非法添加的盐酸溴己新,甘草颗粒中非法添加的吲哚美辛,以十八烷基键合硅胶为填充剂,磷酸盐缓冲液-乙腈(20∶80)为流动相检测盐酸溴己新,以乙腈-0.1mol/L冰醋酸溶液(50∶50)为流动相检测吲哚美辛,流速为1.0 m L/min,波长扫描范围为200~400 nm,建立了相应的HPLC-PAD检测方法,并采用峰纯度检查和光谱相似度检查辅助对照品比对方法,对非法添加药物进行确证。结果显示,麻杏石甘散和氟苯尼考注射液中盐酸溴己新的回收率分别为94.8%和98.5%,甘草颗粒中吲哚美辛回收率为95.2%;盐酸溴己新线性方程为y=14780200x-16476,R=0.9999,吲哚美辛线性方程为y=10995430x+13033,R=0.9999;麻杏石甘散中盐酸溴己新检测限为83 mg/kg,氟苯尼考注射液中盐酸溴己新检测限为1.6 g/L,甘草颗粒中吲哚美辛检测限为1 g/kg。