基于有限元的汽车扭臂热锻工艺研究

文章以汽车扭杆力臂为研究对象,通过DEFORM-3D有限元分析对汽车扭杆力臂热锻工艺过程进行模拟试验,分析了成形过程中的上模载荷情况、应力应变场分布情况和温度场的变化规律。以提高产品质量和降低载荷为主要目的,给出合理的热加工参数,分析结果能为类似锻件的热模锻工艺和模具设计提供依据。     

氮磷钾用量对小麦冠层不同层次光截获和干物质分配的影响

为明确不同氮、磷、钾用量对小麦冠层不同层次光截获和干物质分配的影响，以济麦22为供试材料，设置F0（不施肥）、F1（N 180 kg·hm^-2，P₂O₅ 75 kg·hm^-2，K₂O 60 kg·hm^-2）、F2（N 225 kg·hm^-2，P₂O₅ 120 kg·hm^-2，K₂O 105 kg·hm^-2）和F3（N 270 kg·hm^-2，P₂O₅ 165 kg·hm^-2，K₂O 105 kg·hm^-2）4个施肥量处理，比较分析开花后不同氮、磷、钾用量对小麦叶面积指数、冠层不同层次光截获特性和成熟期干物质分配的影响。结果表明，F1处理下叶面积指数显著高于F0处理，而与F2和F3处理间无显著差异；开花后15 d，F1处理下小麦冠层不同层次及总PAR截获率和截获量均显著高于F0处理，而与F2和F3处理间无显著差异。F1处理下成熟期干物质在小麦冠层不同层次营养器官中的分配量、籽粒中的分配量及总干物质积累量显著高于F0处理，而与F2和F3处理间无显著差异。成熟期干物质在小麦冠层不同层次营养器官和籽粒中的分配量以及总干物质积累量与冠层上层（顶部至株高2/3）、中层（株高2/3至株高1/3）和总PAR截获率均呈显著正相关。F1处理（N 180 kg·hm^-2，P₂O₅ 75 kg·hm^-2，K₂O 60 kg·hm^-2）为本试验条件下的最优处理。     

热风干燥过程中山药水分状态的变化研究

为了解山药的水分赋存状态的变化，以襄阳道地山药为材料，分别在60、70、80、90、100 ℃条件下进行热风干燥，采用低场核磁共振（LF-NMR）和差式量热扫描（DSC）技术，每隔15 min测定山药在热风干燥过程中的水分状态及迁移规律。结果表明，在60~90 ℃条件下，温度越高，干基含水率的降速越快。山药的T2弛豫图谱有3个较为明显的吸收峰，随干燥进程的延续，各峰面积均明显减少，其中自由水所在峰的面积降幅最大，表明干燥过程中自由水散失最多，而且自由水逐渐向半结合水和结合水迁移，冷冻峰和解冻峰也随之变小。但在100 ℃下干燥时，样品可能因表面板结导致干基含水率、低场核磁吸收峰升高，冷冻和解冻峰面积增加。因此，在实际干燥过程中，山药的热风干燥温度不宜高至100 ℃。     

辣椒新品种‘秦椒1号’

‘秦椒1号’辣椒是以自交系‘R9816-2-1-3’为母本,‘Z97-2-7-42’为父本杂交育成的一代杂种。果实长灯笼形,表面微皱,果长17.1 cm,果肩宽4.7 cm,果肉厚3.1 mm,单果质量73.5 g,商品性好,品质佳,平均产量45 062.6 kg·hm~(-2)。高抗病毒病、青枯病和疫病。     

辣椒夏季品比试验报告

为了考察我公司新推广品种及新配组合在高温伏旱状况下的适应性，我们于2003年5月7日在公司试验基地进行了品种对比试验。结果表明新推广品种中有九个品种或组合为极耐热或耐热，一个品种耐热性稍差。新配组合中部分表现优良，有推广前景。     

Acclimation abilities of three tropical rainforest seedlings to an increase in light intensity

Current practices in many nurseries involve the germination of tropical rainforest seedlings in shaded conditions and transferral, at a later date, to environments with greater light intensities. Determination of the ability of these seedlings to acclimate to increased light intensities will allow seedling stock to be processed with maximum efficiency within the nursery. The acclimation abilities of three species, Agyrodendron actinophyllum, Cardwellia sublimis, and Flindersia brayleyana, commonly found in north Queensland's rainforests were investigated in this study. These particular species are highly valued for their cabinet timber qualities and are being reared in nurseries for use in reforestation trials and programs in north Queensland. Seedlings were initially raised in greenhouse conditions under two layers of shade cloth (16% of full sunlight) and then transferred into full sunlight at three different ages (3 weeks, 10 weeks, 14 weeks). Upon transfer, organ ratios and the direction of dry matter distribution was determined for each species and age group. Approximately 3 months after the seedlings were transferred, the acclimation ability of each species and age group was then determined. Dry matter distribution was found to change with age, irrespective of light environment. Individuals within a species with larger root systems and thicker or more dense leaves had a greater acclimation ability than those with smaller root systems and thinner or less dense leaves. Furthermore, individuals within a species whose dry matter distribution upon transfer was directed towards developing a large root system, and a small photosynthetic area and mass, had a greater acclimation ability than those whose dry matter distribution was directed away from such morphologies. Awareness of these relationships allows a better understanding of seedling response to gap formation in natural forests, and also allows plant nursery operators to make a more informed decision about when to move seedlings to environments with a higher light intensity.     

河北坝上农田垄向对土壤风蚀的影响

在河北省坝上选择试验区 ,利用移动式风洞研究了农田起垄方向对土壤风蚀的影响。结果表明 ,农田起垄方向对土壤风蚀具有影响作用 :垄向与风向成 0°时风蚀量最大 ,90°时风蚀量最小 ;在 15m·s-1风速和 3cm表土含水率为 4 5 %的条件下 ,垄向与风向成 0°时的风蚀量为 90°时的 4 8倍。为减轻土壤风蚀危害 ,在河北坝上地区农田起垄的方向宜采用与自然风向NW (西北风向 ,315°)成 90°,即东北方向 4 5°。     

干椒1号辣椒的选育

干椒1号是由母本二金条-12-6-4和父本羊角-2-3配制的一代杂交种。该品种早熟，高抗病毒病、疫病，耐寒、耐热、耐湿、耐瘠。果实细长羊角形，青椒绿色，老熟果鲜红色，果皮薄、籽少、味辣，易脱水，晒干率高，宜作晒干椒或鲜食。一般667m^2产鲜红椒2500kg，或干椒800kg。全国各地均宜种植，特别适宜嗜辣、习惯晒干椒的地区大面积推广。     

保温油罐抗风圈腐蚀穿孔的修复及改造

保温油罐抗风圈及罐底板外根部因酸雨聚积形成电化学腐蚀。由于沿海地区空气温度大，盐分重及罐内的温度高，加快了设备的腐蚀。通过对1000立方米燃料油罐的腐蚀原因分析，提出了改造与预防措施。改造后的抗风圈结构能有效地排出进入保温层内的雨水，从而避免了的电化学腐蚀。     

降低人造板热压机液压系统油液污染的探讨

车间粉尘与湖湿空气是人造板热压机液压系统油液外界污染的主要原因，通过构筑封闭式泵房，增设辅助油箱，改变没箱底部结构，设置排污，排水装置，可有效降低人造板热压机液压系统油液污染，改善液压系统性能，提高压机工作效率。