Mechanism of exogenous nitric oxide in attenuating endotoxin-induced increase of rat pulmonary microvascular permeability

AIM and METHODS:The animal model of acute lung injury (ALI) caused by intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharides(LPS) in vivo and human peripheral blood polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) in vitro were used to study the effects of sodium nitroprusside (SNP), nitric oxide (NO) donor, on LPS-induced PMN accumulation, microvascular permeability and PMN apoptosis. RESULTS:①In vivo, PMN accumulation in lung, the protein content in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and the Evans blue dye and monastral blue dye extravasation in lung tissue of LPS group were markedly higher than those of both sham operation group and LPS+SNP group. ②In vitro, the apoptotic percentage of SNP group was much higher than that of control group, while compared with LPS group, SNP+LPS group has significantly higher apoptotic percentage. CONCLUSIONS:SNP intratracheal instillation attenuated LPS-induced microvascular permeability and alleviated ALI. PMN apoptosis induced by SNP may be one of the potential mechanisms underlying the decrease of PMN accumulation in lung tissue.     

Angiopoietin-1 and regulation of vascular permeability

Angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) is a newly-found endothelium-specific proangiogenic factor and it had been proved essential roles in both vasculogenesis and angiogensis. Among them, its anti-leakage ability may have great potential applications in clinical treatment of vascular hyper-permeability in a variety of diseases such as cancer, diabetic retinopathy, rheumatoid arthritis, asthma. In this review, some research progresses focused on this aspect are discussed.     

pH对洛美沙星与BSA之间结合常数的影响

[目的]研究洛美沙星与血清白蛋白之间的作用,了解药物分子在体内的运输和分布情况。[方法]采用毛细管区带电泳法,通过测定在不同pH值、不同牛血清白蛋白浓度的缓冲溶液条件下药物迁移时间的变化,计算出洛美沙星与牛血清白蛋白相互作用的结合常数（Kb）。[结果]pH分别为6.8,7.4和8.0时,洛美沙星与BSA之间的Kb分别为10.185×1045、.319×1045、.356×104 L/mol。[结论]环境pH对洛美沙星与BSA之间的相互作用有强烈影响,当pH处在6.8～7.4之间时,Kb对pH尤为敏感。     

毛细管区带电泳在药物分析中的研究进展

近年来,有关毛细管区带电泳在药物领域中的相关研究骤增。综述了手性拆分中常用的环糊精类化合物手性选择剂的发展及其应用;同时对毛细管电泳在手性药物分析中的应用进行了展望。     

二氯菊酸光学纯度的毛细管气相色谱法测定研究

使用以 2 ,6 -二 -O-戊基 - 3-O-丁酰基 -β-环糊精作手性固定相制成的毛细管手性柱 ,用气相色谱法在 120℃成功地分离了外消旋二氯菊酸甲酯对映体 ,其中对顺、反外消旋二氯菊酸甲酯对映体的手性分离因子分别达到 1.03和 1.04 ,均大于测定光学纯度 (e.e.% )值所要求的 1.02。测定了 4种手性二氯菊酸甲酯的光学纯度 ,方法简便易行 ,可用于二氯菊酸的光学纯度测定     

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs induce apoptosis in implanted hepatoma of mice

AIM: To study the mechanism of the effect of NSAIDs on apoptosis in mice hepatoma at anti-inflammatory doses. METHODS: Kunming breed mice were inoculated subcutaneously in the flank with mice hepatoma H22 cell line. The effects of ibuprofen, indomethacin, and nimesulide on apoptosis were determined by using electron microscopy, agarose gel electrophoresis, flow cytometry, and Western blot analysis of the expression of c-myc, bcl-x_L and bcl-2 proteins. RESULTS: NSAIDs induced apoptosis of mice implanted hepatoma, which includes the morphological changes such as reduction in the volume, and the nuclear chromatin condensation, as well as the "ladder pattern" revealed by agarose gel electrophoresis of DNA. The apoptotic index was increased to 15%±1.0%, 29.7%±1.5%, 46.3%±3.5% from 3.3%±0.6% by detecting Sub-G₁ peaks on flow cytometry. Western blot analysis showed that levels of bcl-2 and bcl-x_L were significantly reduced by treatment with nimesulide. Ibuprofen and indomethacin decreased bcl-2 expression but increased bcl-x_L expression. C-myc wasn't changed in these groups. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that NSAIDs induces apoptosis of mice hepatoma, which may be due to their regulation on the expressions of bcl-2 family genes.     

桑树树液蛋白质的双向电泳分析

应用 Ｉ Ｅ Ｆ 和 Ｓ Ｄ Ｓ Ｐ Ａ Ｇ Ｅ 双向电泳技术，分析了桑树（ Ｍｏｒｕｓ） 树液蛋白质的电泳图谱。结果表明，供试栽培品种的蛋白质谱比较相似，相似系数在０７２ ～１００ 之间；品种间存在１４ 个共有组分，占检测组分总数的５１９ ％ ；桑树栽培种与野生种的差异比较显著。     

木材渗透性可控制原理研究

本文研究了木材渗透性可控制机制,探寻了渗透性可控制原理。结果表明,影响渗透性高低的最主要因素为纹孔膜微孔半径和数量,微孔大而多者,渗透性高;微孔愈小,微孔里气-液界面上毛细管张力愈高,对液体流动的影响愈大,浸注愈难,欲使浸注液深注入木材,必须施一与此微孔半径相应足以克服此张力的压力。若欲改善低渗透树种木材的难浸注性,似应从纹孔入手,用化学的、物理的和生物的等方法增大和增多有效纹孔膜微孔半径和数量,以减小毛细管张力,降低使用压力,增大流量率,提高渗透性。     

天然雌核发育普安鲫(A型)细胞遗传学和血清电泳的初步研究

本文对贵州省普安县青山一带天然水体中的普安鲫(A型)作了细胞遗传学观察和血清电泳分析,发现它是天然雌核发育的鲫鱼,既不同于普通野鲫,也与已知的天然雌核发育方正银鲫和滇池高背鲫不是同一来源。     

Associations between bacterial genotype and outcome of bovine clinical Staphylococcus aureus mastitis

Background

Staphylococcus aureus is an important cause of clinical mastitis in dairy cows worldwide. The cure rate after antimicrobial treatment of clinical S. aureus mastitis is very variable due to both cow and bacterial factors. Studies have shown that bacterial genotype might affect short-term bacteriological and clinical cure, but the long-term outcome has been less studied. The objectives of this study were to investigate associations between bacterial genotype and long-term outcome of veterinary-treated clinical mastitis (VTCM) caused by S. aureus during a follow-up period of 120 days and to study genotype variation among Swedish S. aureus isolates. S. aureus isolates from cases of VTCM were genotyped by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Long-term outcome measurements used were somatic cell count (SCC), additional diagnoses of VTCM, milk yield and culling. Isolates were classified into clusters (>80% similarity) and pulsotypes (100% similarity). Clusters and pulsotypes were grouped according to occurrence. Multivariable mixed-effect linear regression models including cow and bacterial factors with possible influence on SCC or milk yield were used to calculate differences in SCC or milk yield between groups. Additional outcome measures were calculated using a test of proportions.

Results

The isolates (n = 185) were divided into 18 clusters and 29 pulsotypes. Two pulsotypes were classified as common, and were found in 64% of the cases of VTCM. Remaining isolates were classified as less common or rare pulsotypes. The distribution was similar at cluster level. Outcome was calculated from follow-up data on 111 cows. Significantly lower SCC during the follow-up period was found in cows infected with common clusters compared to in cows infected with less common/rare clusters. The proportion of cows with SCC <200 000 cells/ml during the whole follow-up period was significantly higher in the group common clusters than in the group less common/rare clusters. Bacterial genotype did not influence the other outcome parameters.

Conclusions

In Sweden, two S. aureus pulsotypes, identified in about 64% of clinical S. aureus cases, were widespread. Cows infected with the common genotypes had significantly lower SCC during 120 days after treatment compared to cows infected with less common or rare genotypes.