Neuroprotective effect of methanolic extracts of Allium cepa on ischemia and reperfusion-induced cerebral injury

The present study is designed to investigate the effect of methanolic extract of outer scales and edible portions of Allium cepa bulb on ischemia and reperfusion-induced cerebral injury. Global cerebral ischemia was induced by bilateral carotid artery occlusion for 10 min followed by reperfusion for 24 h. Pretreatment with methanolic extract of outer scales (100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg) and edible portions (100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg) of A. cepa bulb markedly reduced cerebral infarct size and attenuated impairment in short-term memory and motor coordination. The protective effect of methanolic extract of outer scales and edible portions of A. cepa bulb was accompanied by a marked decrease in mitochondrial TBARS.     

二甲醚发动机的研究与开发

介绍了二甲醚作为代用燃料的性能优势,二甲醚发动机的结构、原理和排放应对措施     

四冲程汽油机缸内斜轴涡流研究

利用双特征角气道稳流试验台,对一款二气门四冲程单缸试验机的3种不同进气道方案进行了不同测试平面的气流运动试验和分析.结果表明,提高原气道涡流强度来改善燃烧的同时会降低气道的流通能力,但适度提高滚流强度的同时还可以提高流通能力.利用测得的无因次涡流比和滚流比,提出了一个简便的斜轴涡流特征参数计算公式,并通过试验数据给予了有效性证明.另外对特征角α=60°时的无因次涡流比和利用涡流与滚流合成的无因次斜轴涡流比进行了线性回归分析,3种方案数据的相关系数分别是0.96、0.97、0.97,因此,通过稳流气道试验台测取某一特征角度下的无因次涡流比可以评价进气道斜轴涡流的性能.     

避免渔船螺旋桨被流刺网绞缠的试验

流刺网是影响船舶航行安全的因素之一,本试验利用渔船的冲程使渔船冲过流刺网,从而使渔船驾驶员掌握渔船航行中避免螺旋桨被流刺网绞缠的方法,确保渔船航行生产的安全。     

Canine model of ischemic stroke with permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion: clinical and histopathological findings

The aim of the present study was to assess the clinical and histopathological findings in a canine model of ischemic stroke. Cerebral ischemic stroke was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion in four healthy beagle dogs using silicone plugs. They showed neurological signs of forebrain dysfunction such as reduced responsiveness, head turning, circling, postural reaction deficits, perceptual deficits, and hemianopsia. These signs gradually regressed within 4 weeks without therapy. On magnetic resonance imaging, T2 hyperintensity and T1 hypointensity were found in the cerebral cortex and basal ganglia. These lesions were well-defined and sharply demarcated from adjacent brain parenchyma with a homogenous appearance. No abnormalities of the cerebrospinal fluid were observed. At necropsy, atrophic and necrotic lesions were observed in the cerebral cortex. The cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, and thalamus were partially unstained with triphenyl-tetrazolium chloride. Histopathologically, typical features of infarction were identified in cortical and thalamic lesions. This study demonstrates that our canine model resembles the conditions of real stroke patients.     

Rapamycin promotes repair of neurovascular units after ischemic stroke

Neurovascular unit （NVU） is composed of neurons, endothelial cells, pericytes, astrocytes, macrophages/microglia, smooth muscle cells, extracellular matrix, etc, and plays vital roles in maintenance of the normal brain tissue function and cellular homeostasis. Cerebral ischemia caused by stroke can harm various components of NVU. Repairing damaged NVU and maintaining its structural and functional integrity are an effective way to improve stroke treatment. Resent research has found that rapamycin not only enhances autophagy of neurons but also effectively repairs the injuried components of NVU , thereby reducing neural damage after stroke. In this paper, the mechanisms of rapamycin underlying the repair of injured NVU after ischemic stroke is reviewed to provide guidance for its application in the treatment of stroke.     

针刺治疗脑卒中后吞咽障碍临床疗效的系统评价

目的 采用Meta分析评价针刺与其他常规方法治疗脑卒中后吞咽障碍的临床疗效。方法 计算机检索建库至2018年12月中国期刊全文数据库、万方数据库、维普数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed数据库中针刺治疗脑卒中后吞咽障碍的临床随机对照研究,并辅以人工检索湖南中医药大学图书馆的过刊资料库,制定文献纳入及排除标准,提取资料,评价纳入文献的质量,利用Revman 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果 共纳入28篇文献,病例数2 557例。Meta分析结果提示治疗组对吞咽障碍的总有效率优于对照组（Z=12.51,P<0.000 01）,且治疗组在改善MBI评分、SWAL-QOL评分方面优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;但治疗组在改善患者肺部感染情况上无明显优势,与治疗组差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 针刺治疗脑卒中后吞咽障碍可提高现代康复治疗的临床疗效,有助于改善患者日常生活活动能力和生活质量,但由于本研究纳入的文献数量和质量存在不足,仍需进一步研究予以证实。     

桥接治疗急性缺血性脑卒中患者的血管再通率及远期神经功能恢复分析

目的 探讨重组组织型纤溶酶原激活物（rtPA）静脉溶栓联合血管内介入治疗（即桥接治疗法）对急性缺血性脑卒中患者的治疗效果。方法 选取我院（2015年1月-2018年1月）收治的100例急性缺血性脑卒中患者进行回顾性分析,根据治疗方法分为观察组47例（桥接治疗法）、对照组53例（rtPA静脉溶栓疗法）,对比两组治疗后的血管再通率、神经功能恢复情况。结果 观察组前循环梗死血管（颈内动脉、大脑前动脉、大脑中动脉）再通率91.49%,对照组前循环梗死血管再通率50.94%,两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.01）;观察组治疗14 d、治疗28 d、治疗3个月,神经功能缺损（NIHSS）评分均显著的低于对照组（P<0.01）;根据mRS标准,观察组的预后良好87.23%,对照组预后良好52.83%,两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.01）;观察组的并发症发生率8.51%,对照组并发症发生率16.98%,两组比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 桥接治疗对缺血性脑卒中患者的效果优于rtPA静脉溶栓疗法,对于患者远期神经功能恢复具有显著效果。