重组水貂生长激素pVAX1-mGH及其在小鼠肌肉组织中表达的研究

将化学合成的水貂生长激素基因mGH插入载体pVAX1,将经过PCR、酶切鉴定、测序正确的pVAX1-mGH重组质粒,注射到小鼠后肢的股四头肌,空白对照组注射PBS,于注射后5、10、20、40、60d,眼球采血,取注射部位的肌肉组织进行免疫组化研究,结果证明在胞浆中有特异性蛋白表达。     

膈神经、副神经转位重建大鼠股四头肌功能的实验研究

目的 应用三级SD大鼠膈神经、副神经转位桥接尺神经修复股神经,观察此手术对重建大鼠股四头肌功能的疗效.方法 大鼠20只,随机分为A、B两组,每组10只.A组:左侧行膈神经桥接带血管蒂的尺神经转位修复股神经手术,右侧切断神经不吻合,作空白处理.B组:左侧行副神经桥接带血管蒂的尺神经转位修复股神经手术,右侧切断神经不吻合.A、B两组于24周后观察股四头肌电生理、有髓神经纤维通过率及截面积、股四头肌湿重比、肌纤维截面积比等指标.结果 A组与B组比较:肌肉复合动作电位波幅[(17.55±0.69)vs(15.48±0.66)]、股四头股湿重比[(2.0199±0.0698)vs(1.9527±0.0271)]、肌纤维截面积比[(2.108±0.027)vs(1.990±0.076)]差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05或0.01);两组有髓神经纤维通过率、截面积比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 大鼠隔神经、副神经通过桥接尺神经移位吻合至股神经,可恢复股四头肌部分功能,用膈神经转位疗效较好.     

Ultrasonographic examination of the quadriceps femoris muscle: Normal images and findings

In the paper written by Ogden et al. (2019) in this edition of Equine Veterinary Education, a complete tear of the vastus medialis muscle was considered as the cause of the lateral luxation of the patella in a 2-day-old cob colt. As muscle tears can be documented with ultrasound, this short commentary is presenting normal ultrasonographic images of the quadriceps femoris (QF) muscle and findings on two clinical cases.     

Pre- and postoperative radiographic and computed tomographic evaluation of dogs with medial patellar luxation

OBJECTIVE: To quantify, using radiographic and computed tomographic (CT) techniques, the effects of surgical procedures most commonly combined to treat dogs with medial patellar luxation (MPL). STUDY DESIGN: Prospective study. METHODS: Six dogs with 8 MPL were studied. Radiographs and CT of the pelvic limbs were obtained before and immediately after soft-tissue reconstruction, trochlear wedge recession, and tibial crest transposition. Radiographic measurements included angle of inclination, Norberg angle, quadriceps angle (QA), anteversion angle, ratio of the length of the patellar tendon (PT) to the length of the patella, and change in patella tendon angle. CT measurements included angle of inclination, Norberg angle, QA, anteversion angle, depth of the femoral trochlear groove, ratio of the middle femoral trochlear groove depth to the patella thickness, and tibial crest alignment. RESULTS: Conformation of the coxofemoral joint was not affected by surgery. Surgical treatment corrected the QA by 33-58%. Trochlear wedge recession was most effective in deepening the proximal trochlea by 103.5%. The ratio of the middle femoral trochlear groove depth to the thickness of the patella postoperatively resulted in 50% coverage of the patella. Tibial crest transposition resulted in caudalization of the PT by 8.5+/-3.0 degrees, with lateralization of the tibial tuberosity of 11.3 degrees. CONCLUSION: The effects of surgery for MPL can be quantified with radiographic and CT measurements. Surgical correction restored the alignment of the quadriceps and adequately deepened the femoral trochlear groove. Tibial crest transposition resulted in caudalization of the patella tendon and lateralization of the tibial tuberosity. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: These pilot data quantified the effects of surgical procedures most commonly combined to treat MPL. We hope to use these measurements to correlate surgical treatment with functional outcome and postoperative occurrence of luxation.