Prospects of breeding improved garlic in the light of its genetic and breeding systems

Summary Garlic is an obligate apomict which defies all possibilities of genetic improvement through recombinant breeding. Nevertheless, like other bulbous or tuberous plants garlic has accumulated a lot of variation in many characters. Evidence of hybridity exists even at the chromosomal level. Existence of this natural variation, even in respect of the plant part that is economically important, suggests the possibility of improvement. The prospects of exploiting this variation in the face of apomixis are discussed.     

结球生菜叶片组织培养与器官发生的研究

利用结球生菜叶片外植体进行组织培养,成功地诱导出愈伤组织与胚状体,获得了完整的再生植株,结果表明:愈伤组织诱导与不定芽分化受细胞分裂素6BA与生长素IAA浓度的影响,以6BA0.2mg/1和IAA 1.0mg/1结合使用效果较好;不定芽转入加有IAA与NAA的MS培养基上可生根成为再生植株,组织学研究还发现,外植体各个部分均能产生愈伤组织,愈伤组织内有分生组织结节和维管组织结节的分化;不定芽从愈伤组织表面或内生的分生细胞分化而来,而不定根由维管组织结节产生,胚状体则来源于圆柱形体的表皮细胞或愈伤组织内的分生细胞团。     

日本木立芦荟离体快繁体系研究

以日本木立芦荟(A.arborescensMill.)茎尖和幼嫩茎段为外植体进行离体快繁。结果表明,茎尖在MS+6-BA3.0mg/L+NAA0.2mg/L培养基上形成的不定芽数最多,达21个;而茎段在MS+6-BA4.0mg/L+NAA0.1mg/L培养基上诱导的不定芽数最多,为8.1个。MS+6-BA3.0mg/L+B9100mg/L培养基对不定芽的增殖效果最好,平均每个芽可增殖不定芽11.5个。1.0mg/LNAA和2.0mg/LIBA能显著促进不定芽生根,生长延缓剂CCC也具有促进生根作用。将组培苗移栽到体积比组成为2份有机厩肥+1份园田土或2份蛭石+1份园田土的基质中,成活率可达90%以上。