银杏幼苗叶片转化酶活性及其动力学

采用波钦诺克XH法研究了田间和室内栽培的银杏幼苗叶片转化酶的活性及其动力学性质。结果表明:银杏幼苗叶片转化酶在pH值5.0、温度55℃时活性最强;该酶的米氏常数为3.7×10-2mol·L-1;室内盆栽的银杏幼苗叶片转化酶的活性显著高于田间栽培的同龄银杏幼苗叶片转化酶的活性。     

常见景天高温胁迫细胞伤害率试验

以7种常见景天科多肉叶片为材料进行温度梯度处理,用电导率法测定细胞伤害率,观察供试材料对高温胁迫的耐受性。结果表明,55℃是姬秋丽、薄雪万年草、黄丽、胧月、八宝景天的细胞伤害率跃升临界温度,60℃是佛甲草和垂盆草的跃升临界温度。供试景天种类的叶型大小和取样方式不影响试验结果。     

花生胚小叶体细胞植株再生系统的建立

[目的]研究花生胚小叶体细胞植株再生体系,为利用胚小叶进行外源基因遗传转化提供试验依据。[方法]以花生品种四粒红和改良海花的胚小叶为外植体,2种外植体取材方式(预培养和直接取材)为培养背景,探讨了不同取材方式下各个培养要素(基因型、培养基等)与脱分化、再分化的关系,初步建立了花生胚小叶体细胞植株再生体系。[结果]在预培养取材条件下,预培养6d的四粒红外植体在2号培养基(MS+3mg/L6-BA+1mg/LNAA)上分化得最好,每愈伤组织再生芽2.34个,预培养5d的改良海花外植体在1号培养基(MS+5mg/L6-BA+3mg/LNAA)上分化最佳,每愈伤组织再生芽2.08个。直接取材条件下,改良海花在1号培养基上每愈伤组织出芽数为6个,而四粒红为3个。直接取材在诱导愈伤组织及器官分化方面都好于预培养取材。[结论]直接取材条件下,不同培养基对诱导愈伤组织及芽分化的作用差异较大,而基因型在诱导愈伤组织上的作用有显著差异,在出芽率上的作用差异并不显著。     

MORPHOLOGIC FEATURES OF PEROSOMUS ("SHORT SPINE") IN FARMED SALMON (SALMO SALAR)

This study was done to characterize morphologically the spinal changes in stunted salmon, 1.5–2 years of age, spontaneously appearing in a Swedish fish farm. Radiographic examination and alizarin-alcian blue preparations showed compressed areas of the spine, most often near the dorsal fin. Of the average 50–52 vertebrae, 20–30 were often compressed, resulting in an average shortening of the fish by 23%. The histopathologic character of the shortened spine was a replacement of the chorda (intervertebral pad or disc) with a poorly differentiated hyaline cartilage, in which proliferative and degenerative processes produced a very irregular pattern. The origin of this cartilage, which had severely impaired ossifying capacity, was perichordal and it often had direct connections with the growth centers of the vertebrae. The disappearance of the large strongly convex (spheric) chorda and the arrest of the vertebral endochondral ossification resulted in narrow disc-like vertebrae in contrast to the normal X-shaped ones. The pathologic changes resemble those observed in chondrodystrophic types of perosomus ("short spine") in certain mammals, including humans, and in turkeys.     

非对称式大小圆盘开沟装置设计与试验

为解决东北一年一熟区玉米秸秆覆盖地免耕播种玉米存在的秸秆覆盖量大导致机具堵塞严重和双圆盘开沟器入土困难等问题,该文设计了一种非对称式大小圆盘开沟装置,该装置采用大、小圆盘一前一后非对称设置,大圆盘预先切割秸秆、残茬,小圆盘完成秸秆拨离并开出种沟,为玉米免耕播种提供清洁种床。无秸秆覆盖下的EDEM离散元仿真试验和田间试验,预先验证了开沟装置的作业性能。秸秆覆盖下的田间试验表明:该装置在秸秆覆盖条件下仍可实现较为稳定可靠的开沟效果,平均开沟深度为71.41 mm,平均开沟宽度为38.27 mm,满足玉米免耕播种作业要求;不同秸秆覆盖条件下,该装置作业流畅、种沟整洁,无明显堵塞和连续晾仔、断条现象,切茬、入土性能良好。该研究可为玉米少免耕播种开沟装置的改进及研发提供理论支持和技术基础。     

不同类群绞股蓝的形态学研究

收集全国 6个省、市的绞股蓝 [Gynostemma pentaphyllum( Thumb.) Makino]类群样品 1 2个 ,进行形态学和花粉粒比较研究。结果表明 :不同产地的绞股蓝类群 ,其叶的小叶数、小叶的形状及大小存在变异。其主要的花粉形态有二类 :一类体型较小 ,表面雕纹呈条纹状 ;另一类体型较大 ,表面雕纹呈拟网纹状。     

Estimation of Leaf Area in Greengram by Non-destructive Linear Measurements

The leaf area by non-destructive linear measurements have been made in eight cultivars of greengram. The regression equation was Y = 1.58 + 1.79 (X), r = 0.9988** while X = L × W. L and W are the maximum length and width of the terminal leaflet of a trifoliate leaf respectively. Y = leaf area of a trifoliate leaf. This study indicated that this equation can be used for a measuring of the leaf area in situ irrespective of the position of the leaves and variety in greengram.

Zusammenfassung

Abschätzung der Blattfläche von Mung-Bohne mit Hilfe einer nichtdestruktiven linearen Messung
Die Untersuchungen zu einer nichtdestruktiven linearen Messung wurden bei acht Sorten der Mung-Bohne durchgeführt. Die Regressionsgleichung war Y = 1,58 + 1,79 (X), r = 0,9988**, während ×= L × W war. L und W sind die Maximumlängen und Breiten des terminalen Blattes eines dreifach gefiederten Blattes. Y = Blattfläche eines dreifach gefiederten Blattes. Die Untersuchung zeigt, daß die Gleichung für die Messung der Blattfläche in situ bei Mungo-Bohnen verwendet werden kann, unabhängig von der Position des Blattes und der Sorte.     

不同品种椰子凋落叶的营养成分分析

测定6个不同品种椰子凋落叶中的营养成分。结果表明,6个品种椰子凋落叶的叶柄中C、N、P、K、Na、Ca、Mg、Mn、Zn营养元素之间差异显著,其中Fe和Cu含量差异不显著;小叶中,C、N、P、K、Na、Ca、Mg、Fe、Mn、Zn营养元素之间差异显著,其中Cu含量差异不显著。同时,小叶中的C、N、Fe、Mn、Zn含量高于叶柄,而叶柄中的P、K、Na、Ca、Mg含量高于小叶。     

The anatomy of the atrioventricular bundle in the heart of camels (Camelus dromedarius)

The anatomy and histology of the atrioventricular bundle (AVB) was studied in the heart of six camels (Camelus dromedarius). The trunk of the atrioventricular bundle (bundle of His) was a direct continuation of the atrioventricular (AV) node with no sharp line of demarcation between the node and the bundle. The atrioventricular bundle ran through the fibrous trigone and entered the lower part of the interventricular membranous septum, beneath the right endocardium, then lay over or slightly to the side of the centre of the muscular interventricular crest. The AVB of camels measured 4.12±1.00 mm in length, 3.66±1.13 mm in width and 1.13±1.85 mm in thickness, its maximum sectional area being 12.68±6.13 mm².Histologically, the AVB in the heart of camels comprised multiple strands of Purkinje cells separated by collagen fibres and surrounded by connective tissue. It resembled that in human beings and dogs except that, in camels, intercalated discs were present at the intercellular connections in the AVB.Abbreviations AVB trunk of the atrioventricular bundle - AV node atrioventricular node