萜烯-邻苯二酚树脂的合成及性能研究

以CuCl2为催化剂，松节油、邻苯二酚为原料合成了萜烯-邻苯二酚树脂（简称TCR），对产物进行了红外、紫外光谱分析以及分子质量测定，考察了反应条件对实验结果的影响，并初步探讨了聚合反应产物的性能。结果表明，在CuCl2催化剂的作用下，邻苯二酚与萜烯发生聚合反应，产物TCR的数均分子质量为536，它易溶于有机溶剂，与萜烯酚树脂和萜烯树脂相比，具有良好的成膜性能；本实验较佳的反应条件为：n（萜烯） /n（邻苯二酚）为3：1，催化剂用量为反应物质量的4.59%，温度为158℃，反应时间24h。     

一株产邻苯二酚假单胞菌的筛选及其发酵条件的优化

从土壤中筛选到44株产邻苯二酚的菌株．其中X16菌株转化苯甲酸钠产生邻苯二酚的活性最高，根据其形态特征观察、16SrDNA序列同源性比较．初步鉴定为假单胞菌（Psudomonas sp．）。经过发酵条件优化后，发现该菌最适发酵的碳氮源分别为苯甲酸钠6g／L和聚蛋白胨2g／L；最适温度为32℃；最适pH为6.7；最适发酵时间为22h。在上述发酵条件下，该菌产邻苯二酚的能力达到1mg／mL，比条件优化前提高了25％o。     

邻苯二酚对香椿叶青贮营养品质及抗氧化性的影响北大核心CSCD

为了研究邻苯二酚对红香椿叶和绿香椿叶营养品质和抗氧化性的影响,分别对添加了0.5%邻苯二酚和1.0%邻苯二酚的香椿叶进行青贮。结果表明,香椿叶青贮蛋白组分保存良好,真蛋白含量保存稳定,非蛋白氮和氨态氮含量较低,抗氧化性略有降低,但保持在较高水平。与CK相比,邻苯二酚显著提高了青贮自由基1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)清除活性和铁离子还原力(FRAP)活性(P<0.05)。经Pearson相关分析,香椿叶的抗氧化性与总黄酮含量呈正相关关系(P<0.01)。青贮良好地保存了香椿叶的营养品质和抗氧化性。在邻苯二酚的作用下,香椿叶青贮的抗氧化性得到了提高,香椿叶青贮具有较高的营养价值和抗氧化性。     

邻苯二酚对切花保鲜效果的影响

采用不同浓度的邻苯二酚及8-HQC和蔗糖组成的保鲜剂对香石竹、月季、换锦花、非洲菊进行保鲜处理,研究其对切花寿命的影响。结果表明:1m M邻苯二酚组成的保鲜剂可以显著延长香石竹、换锦花、非洲菊和月季切花的寿命。     

氮、磷、钾肥与酚对漂洗水稻土硅、铝、铁的活化效应

本研究以四川盆地西缘茶区漂洗水稻土为供试土壤,采用浸提试验探讨尿素（N）、磷酸二氢钙（P）、硫酸钾（K）和邻苯二酚（Phy）对其硅、铝、铁的活化效应（以浸提液硅、铝、铁的浓度表征）,结果表明: 1）各种处理浸提液均以硅的浓度最大,铝次之,铁最小,即活化效应为硅＞铝＞铁; 2）浸提液硅的浓度为NPK+Phy＞NPK P＞Phy＞K CK N处理,说明磷肥通过磷酸根的配位吸附对其活化产生最重要的影响,同时酚类物质也通过弱酸作用促进其活化; 3）浸提液铝的浓度为NPK+Phy＞Phy＞P NPK K N CK处理,说明酚类物质通过与游离铝形成可溶性络合物而对其活化起突出作用,同时磷肥中的钙离子和钾肥中的钾离子也能将强酸性供试土壤中大量交换性铝离子交换而活化; 4）浸提液铁的浓度为NPK+Phy＞Phy＞K P NPK CK N处理,说明酚类物质通过络合溶铁、还原溶铁等作用对其活化做出重大贡献,同时钾肥中的钾离子和磷肥中的钙离子也将土壤胶体吸附的亚铁离子交换而活化; 5）尿素对漂洗水稻土硅、铝、铁均无显著活化效应。综上所述,磷、钾肥和酚类物质是漂洗水稻土中硅、铝、铁活化的重要影响因素。     

响应面法优化产邻苯二酚培养基

采用快速有效的数学统计方法,对BGZ-06菌株利用苯甲酸钠产邻苯二酚的培养基进行了优化。首先通过Plackett-Burman的二水平因素设计筛选出较重要的因素,然后再利用响应面分析法中的杂合设计进行优化。优化后的培养基使邻苯二酚的产量提高了20.66%,获得的预测产量与实际产量之间具有较好的拟合度。     

海洋细菌生物膜用于生物修复陆地生态系统中土壤多环芳烃污染

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) in soil retain for a quite long period due to their hydrophobicity and aggregation properties. Biofilm-forming marine bacterial consortium(named as NCPR), composed of Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila NCW702,Alcaligenes faecalis NCW402, Pseudomonas mendocina NR802, Pseudomonas aeruginosa N6P6, and Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes NP103, was used for the bioremediation of PAHs in a soil microcosm. Phenanthrene and pyrene were used as reference PAHs. Parameters that can affect PAH degradation, such as chemotaxis, solubility of PAHs in extracellular polymeric substances(EPS), and catechol2,3-dioxygenase(C23O) activity, were evaluated. P. aeruginosa N6P6 and P. pseudoalcaligenes NP103 showed chemotactic movement towards both the reference PAHs. The solubility of both the PAHs was increased with an increase in EPS concentration(extracted from all the 5 selected isolates). Significantly(P 0.001) high phenanthrene(70.29%) and pyrene(55.54%) degradation was observed in the bioaugmented soil microcosm. The C23O enzyme activity was significantly(P 0.05) higher in the bioaugmented soil microcosm with phenanthrene added at 173.26 ± 2.06 nmol min~(-1) mg~(-1) protein than with pyrene added at 61.80 ± 2.20 nmol min~(-1) mg~(-1) protein. The C23O activity and gas chromatography-mass spectrometer analyses indicated catechol pathway of phenanthrene metabolism. However, the metabolites obtained from the soil microcosm added with pyrene revealed both the catechol and phthalate pathways for pyrene degradation.     

几种生物学指标与生物强化系统降解效率的关系

针对炼油废水生物强化处理系统中有时存在的不稳定造成排水超标的问题,研究了SBR反应器中采用生物强化技术,其细菌数量、脱氢酶、邻苯二酚1,2-双加氧酶(C12O)和邻苯二酚2,3-双加氧酶(C23O)等关键生物学指标与污染物去除效率的综合对应关系,并运用ERIC-PCR技术研究了运行前后处理系统内微生物群落的变化.结果表明,投加菌剂的生物强化处理系统提高了细菌数量和酶活,使处理效率明显提高.生物强化系统中细菌数量及C23O酶活与污染物去除效率呈正相关关系,且微生物群落结构十分稳定.C12O为一种诱导酶,其酶     

单壁碳纳米管/玻碳电极同时测定邻苯二酚和对苯二酚的研究

通过在裸玻碳电极表面修饰单壁碳纳米管,制备了单壁碳纳米管/玻碳电极(SWNTs/GC).用循环伏安法研究了邻苯二酚和对苯二酚2种异构体在该电极上的电化学行为.结果表明,该修饰电极对苯二酚的2种异构体表现出了优异的识别能力和电催化性能.对苯二酚和邻苯二酚的氧化峰电位差值为106 mV,这表示2种异构体可以在SWNTs/GC电极上完全分开.基于对苯二酚和邻苯二酚在SWNTs/GC电极上的电化学行为,建立了苯二酚2种异构体同时测定的方法.在最佳的实验条件下,邻苯二酚的氧化峰电流与其浓度在3.0×10-6～8.0×10-5mol·L-1范围内呈线性关系,检出限为1.0×10-6mol·L-1.对苯二酚的氧化峰电流与其浓度在8.0×10-6～1.0×10-4mol·L-1范围内呈线性关系,检出限为2.67×10-6mol·L-1.     

食细菌线虫和葡萄糖对恶臭假单胞菌去除菲的影响

Bacterial-feeding nematodes can promote the bacterial activity through feeding.Bacterial abundance and their activity affect the degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) such as phenanthrene.The effects of bacterial-feeding nematodes,bacteria,and their interactions on the degradation of phenanthrene with or without glucose were studied through a microcosm experiment.The results showed that up to 57.0％ of phenanthrene in mineral medium contaminated with phenanthrene was degraded in the control with bacteria alone and bacteria with the presence of nematodes and/or glucose increased the degradation of phenanthrene by 25.6％ to 36.6％.Although both nematode and bacteria abundance decreased gradually,catechol 2,3-dioxygenase (C23O) activity increased during the incubation period.Compared with bacteria alone,the presence of nematodes significantly increased C23O activity as well as the abundance of bacteria;this effect was more pronounced when glucose was present.The results imply that nematodes might promote the removal of phenanthrene from medium by stimulating bacteria and C23O activities.