昆虫生长调节剂抑食肼防治杨圆蚧和柳蛎盾蚧

抑食肼是一种昆虫生长调节剂．对杨圆蚧和柳蛎盾蚧具有特效．对天改安全。使用1％～2％抑食肼油剂防治两蚧固定著虫的药效在90％～98％：防治柳蛎盾蚧卵的药效在94％～98％．使用25％押食肼可湿性粉剂100～200ug／g．防治柳蛎盾蚧初孵著虫的药效在91％～96％。押食肼油剂具有内吸和胃毒作用并具有速效．特效．为蚧虫的防治提供一种理想，安全、经济和高教的新型杀蚧剂。     

RH植物液肥在茶苗上的应用效果

采用RH植物液肥800倍进行苗圃对比试验，结果表明：对茎粗、株高等性状有显著作用，茶苗生长较为健壮。     

抑食肼对大型溞的急慢性毒性效应研究

选择21%抑食肼可湿性粉剂为受试农药,研究其对大型溞(Daphnia magna)的急性毒性和21 d慢性毒性效应,观察大型溞各个繁殖和生长指标变化,建立毒物剂量-反应关系,并寻找其中的敏感生物学指标。急性毒性试验结果表明,21%抑食肼可湿性粉剂对大型溞的48 h-EC50为0.94 mg·L-1;慢性毒性试验结果表明,抑食肼对大型溞的初次蜕壳时间、蜕壳次数、产卵时间、产幼溞数和产幼溞胎数等都有显著的影响,其中,0.135 mg·L-1的暴露浓度可以显著减少大型溞蜕壳次数、产幼溞总数量和产幼溞胎数,综合各个繁殖毒性终点指标,21 d无可见效应浓度(NOEC)为0.045 mg·L-1。此外,研究还发现低至0.015 mg·L-1的抑食肼暴露21 d可以使母溞体长显著性下降。研究结果表明,抑食肼胁迫在一定程度上对大型溞的生长和繁殖具有抑制效应。     

Effects of ginsenoside RH2 on neovascularization of rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion

AIM: To investigate the effects of ginsenoside RH2 (GS-RH2) on neovascularization of rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and its potential mechanisms. METHODS: SPF Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham operation (sham) group, MCAO model (MCAO) group and GS-RH2 group, with 18 rats in each group. After surgery, the general condition and neurological function score of the rats were assessed. At the 1st day, 3rd day and 7th day after intervention, the microvessel density (MVD), the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were examined. The protein expression of kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) was determined by Western blot. RESULTS: Compared with sham group, the rats in MCAO group showed significant neurobehavioral obstacles and ischemic brain infarction with higher neurological function score, while treatment with GS-RH2 significantly improved behavioral impairment and reduced the infarction volume with lower neurological function score. The MVD score in GS-RH2 group was increased as the animal survival time prolonged, while the MVD score in MCAO group was decreased. After intervention for 7 d, the MVD score in GS-RH2 group was significantly higher than that in MCAO group (P<0.05). Compared with sham group, the content of MDA was increased and the activities of SOD and GSH-Px were decreased in MCAO group at each time point. After intervention for 7 d, the MDA content was decreased and the SOD and GSH-Px activities were increased in GS-RH2 group compared with MCAO group. After intervention for 7 d, the protein expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 was increased, while the protein expression of Keap1 was decreased in GS-RH2 group compared with MCAO group(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Ginsenoside RH2 promotes neovascularization of MCAO model rats. The mechanism may be related to the activation of Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway, promotion of the antioxidant enzyme activity and inhibition of oxidative stress.     

Impact of different beer yeasts on wheat dough and bread quality parameters

In order to investigate the impact of different yeast strains from the species Saccharomyces cerevisiae on the dough and bread quality parameters, wheat flour was fermented using different beer yeasts. The results show that beer yeast strains could be included in the baking process since S. cerevisiae T-58 and S. cerevisiae s-23 provided adequate gas production and dough formation with superior structural properties like extensibility and stickiness to S. cerevisiae baker's yeast. The resulting breads show the highest specific volume with the highest slice area and the highest number of cells and the lowest hardness over time. The different yeasts had also an impact on the crust colour due to their abilities to ferment different sugars and on shelf life due to the production of a range of different metabolic by-products. According to this study it was possible to produce higher quality bread by using yeast coming from the brewing industry, instead of bread containing standard baker's yeast.     

Overproduction of reactive oxygen species involved in the pathogenicity of Fusarium in potato tubers

Differences in virulence between Fusarium sulphureum and Fusarium sambucinum were compared. Changes in reactive oxygen species production and metabolism in inoculated slices of potato tubers were also compared. The result showed that Fusarium infection induced significant production of ROS, lipid peroxidation and loss of cell membrane integrity, but low activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). Compared to F. sambucinum, F. sulphureum led larger lesion diameters on potato tubers and slices. It resulted in more superoxide anion ($O_2^{-}$) and earlier peak of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), but lower activity of catalase (CAT) and APX, and accompanied with higher malondialdehyde (MDA) content and lower cell membrane integrity. These findings suggested that overproduction of ROS involved in the pathogenicity of Fusarium in potato tubers.     

规模养蚕新技术的研究Ⅰ.大棚养蚕温湿度对蚕茧产质量的影响

试验调查了大棚养蚕春、夏大蚕期与蔟中的温湿度变化,以探索有利于大棚养蚕的饲养技术与小气候调节技术.棚内温湿度变化对蚕茧产质量的影响比较分析表明,春期5龄后期和上蔟初期,35～38.8℃的高温对蚕茧产质量有较大影响;夏蚕期棚内温度明显高于春蚕期,最高超过40℃,连续高温持续时间长,昼夜温差大.根据春、夏期不同的气候特点,春期大棚上蔟初期要重点进行降温排湿,夏期重点进行降温.     

温室用复合调湿材料特性的试验研究

为探讨自制复合调湿材料替代温室后墙体内表面部分红砖的可行性,对密闭空间内的复合调湿材料进行了调湿能力研究,同时,在室温条件下对其进行了热工和力学性能的试验研究。结果表明:密闭空间的复合调湿材料其饱和吸湿率可达130%;在40min内,相对湿度降低了23%,即相对湿度由92.5%降低到了69.5%,在13h内相对湿度降低到了30.5%,即由92.5%降低到62%,在高湿情况下吸湿的性能要高于硅胶,吸湿性能比较显著;复合调湿砌块能够满足温室内墙体材料的热工性能和机械性能的要求。     

绿僵菌在3种不同培养基上培养时产孢量的影响因素

分析了绿僵菌菌株在3种不同培养基上培养时其产孢量的2个影响因素(初始接种浓度和相对湿度),得出菌株在3种不同培养基上培养时须分别配以适宜的接种浓度和相对湿度,以获取最大产孢量(燕麦培养基:1×107cfu/mL,65%;PPDA培养基:1×106cfu/mL,85%;玉米粉酵母浸膏培养基:1×108cfu/mL,75%)。另外,随继代培养代数增加,菌株在这3种培养基上前五代的产孢量比较稳定,第七代及之后的产孢量明显下降。根据3种培养基不同的功能,在PPDA培养基上培养菌株时要着重注意不同继代培养代数对产孢量的影响,其它2种培养基培养菌株一般不超过五代,产孢量比较稳定。     

新型杀虫剂对蚯蚓的毒理学研究

研究了吡虫啉与抑食肼对蚯蚓的急性毒性、生化毒性及对精子形态的影响。急性毒性结果表明,上述两种杀虫剂在不同暴露系统中,显现不同的毒性效应。吡虫啉在浓度低于０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ、抑食肼低于２５ｍｇ／Ｌ浓度范围内对蚯蚓纤维素酶活力有抑制作用。低浓度吡虫啉对蚯蚓超氧化物歧化酶活力有抑制作用,高浓度吡虫啉和抑食肼则有促进作用。两种杀虫剂对蚯蚓精子形态均有不同程度影响