黄海海域三种棘皮动物皂甙的制备及性质鉴定比较

棘皮动物 (Ｅｃｈｉｎｏｄｅｒｍａｔａ)的许多重要生理、药理活性物质及其在医药应用方面的价值 ,以及相关的化学成分 ,已日益引起国内外研究者的关注[1～ 3] 。迄今为止 ,各国研究人员仅从各种海星纲动物体内就获得了十几类具有生物活性的化学物质[4] ,其中海星皂甙 (ａｓｔｅｒｏｓａｐｏｎｉｎ)不但具有抗癌、抗菌及抗炎等活性 ,而且还具有持续降压等多种作用 ,可开发为实用海洋药物的一种重要活性物质。黄海海域棘皮动物资源十分丰富 ,对其天然生物活性物质的研究已有报道[4,5] ,为了开发黄海海域棘皮动物资源 ,我们采用生物化学方法对…     

Catastrophic depletion of reef‐associated sea cucumbers: resource management/reef resilience issues for an Indonesian marine park and the wider Indo‐Pacific

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Structure Elucidation of New Acetylated Saponins,Lessoniosides A,B, C,D, and E,and Non-Acetylated Saponins,Lessoniosides F and G,from the Viscera of the Sea Cucumber Holothuria lessoni

Sea cucumbers produce numerous compounds with a wide range of chemical structural diversity. Among these, saponins are the most diverse and include sulfated, non-sulfated, acetylated and methylated congeners with different aglycone and sugar moieties. In this study, MALDI and ESI tandem mass spectrometry, in the positive ion mode, were used to elucidate the structure of new saponins extracted from the viscera of H. lessoni. Fragmentation of the aglycone provided structural information on the presence of the acetyl group. The presence of the O-acetyl group was confirmed by observing the mass transition of 60 u corresponding to the loss of a molecule of acetic acid. Ion fingerprints from the glycosidic cleavage provided information on the mass of the aglycone (core), and the sequence and type of monosaccharides that constitute the sugar moiety. The tandem mass spectra of the saponin precursor ions [M + Na]⁺ provided a wealth of detailed structural information on the glycosidic bond cleavages. As a result, and in conjunction with existing literature, we characterized the structure of five new acetylated saponins, Lessoniosides A–E, along with two non-acetylated saponins Lessoniosides F and G at m/z 1477.7, which are promising candidates for future drug development. The presented strategy allows a rapid, reliable and complete analysis of native saponins.     

海洋棘皮动物脂质的研究进展

棘皮动物因其油脂中含有许多独特的功能和活性物质,而成为开发保健食品和海洋药物的重要资源之一。目前海洋油脂研究主要集中在鱼油上,而对海洋棘皮动物油脂的研究很少。脂肪酸是海洋棘皮动物中重要的生物活性物质,具有降血脂、抗癌、抗炎等功能活性。因此,本文根据国内外的研究进展对海洋棘皮动物脂质的提取、分离纯化、生物活性等方面进行了概述,以期为海洋棘皮动物的综合利用奠定基础,进而为更好地开发新型海洋食品、药品提供科学依据。     

Structural Elucidation of Novel Saponins in the Sea Cucumber Holothuria lessoni

Sea cucumbers are prolific producers of a wide range of bioactive compounds. This study aimed to purify and characterize one class of compound, the saponins, from the viscera of the Australian sea cucumber Holothuria lessoni. The saponins were obtained by ethanolic extraction of the viscera and enriched by a liquid-liquid partition process and adsorption column chromatography. A high performance centrifugal partition chromatography (HPCPC) was applied to the saponin-enriched mixture to obtain saponins with high purity. The resultant purified saponins were profiled using MALDI-MS/MS and ESI-MS/MS which revealed the structure of isomeric saponins to contain multiple aglycones and/or sugar residues. We have elucidated the structure of five novel saponins, Holothurins D/E and Holothurinosides X/Y/Z, along with seven reported triterpene glycosides, including sulfated and non-sulfated saponins containing a range of aglycones and sugar moieties, from the viscera of H. lessoni. The abundance of novel compounds from this species holds promise for biotechnological applications.     

黄海海域三种棘皮动物皂甙的制备及性质鉴定比较

棘皮动物 (Ｅｃｈｉｎｏｄｅｒｍａｔａ)的许多重要生理、药理活性物质及其在医药应用方面的价值 ,以及相关的化学成分 ,已日益引起国内外研究者的关注[1～ 3] 。迄今为止 ,各国研究人员仅从各种海星纲动物体内就获得了十几类具有生物活性的化学物质[4] ,其中海星皂甙 (ａｓｔｅｒｏｓａｐｏｎｉｎ)不但具有抗癌、抗菌及抗炎等活性 ,而且还具有持续降压等多种作用 ,可开发为实用海洋药物的一种重要活性物质。黄海海域棘皮动物资源十分丰富 ,对其天然生物活性物质的研究已有报道[4,5] ,为了开发黄海海域棘皮动物资源 ,我们采用生物化学方法对…     

A First Record of Beamys from Tanzania With Observations on its Breeding and Habits in Captivity

The holothuroid family Rhopalodinidae currently contains three genera and 16 species, all restricted in their distribution to the East Atlantic Ocean from Senegal to the Cape of Good Hope. Their peculiar morphology is discussed and new information is presented on the southern African forms. A key for the identification of the 16 known species is provided. It issuggested that the appearance of the proboscis was probably a response to the shallow turbulent waters of the tropical East Atlantic. Because of the polytentaculate nature of most species, the branched nature of the tentacles of some species, the shape of the calcareous ring, the ambulacral restriction of the pedicels and the form of the body wall tables, the Rhopalodinidae could well be classified within the Dendrochirotida, close to the Phyllophorinae. However, this point of view is not supported by recent work based on analysis of rDNA and numerous morphological characters. According to this analysisRhopalodinidae should be included within the Dactylochirotida.