中药超微粉碎技术的研究进展与思考

简述了中药超微粉碎技术的概念,介绍了目前超微粉碎采用的机械设备,重点对中药超微粉碎技术的研究现状和应用优势进行了阐述,并提出了当前该项技术尚存在的技术问题和今后研究工作的主要方向.     

提高集约化奶牛场经济效益的有效途径

以河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所奶牛场为例,介绍了提高奶牛场经济效益的有效措施,并重点提出了加强科学的饲养管理和先进技术(DHI技术、TMRJ技术)的采用.     

大豆不同环境下脂肪酸组分含量的QTL分析

大豆油的品质取决于脂肪酸各组分在大豆中的比例, 为发掘控制大豆5种脂肪酸含量的数量性状位点(QTL), 利用冀豆12和黑豆重组自交系群体构建遗传图谱, 采用Windows QTL Cartographer 2.5和QTL Network-2.0软件的CIM和MCIM法对大豆5种脂肪酸组分进行数量性状定位。结果表明,在石家庄和三亚各环境下共检测到16个QTL, 位于连锁群A2、B2、C2、F、G、I、L上。对2个环境联合分析, 检测到13个QTL, 其中9个用2种方法被检测到, 但这13个位点与环境互作的贡献率明显小于加性效应。其中在B2连锁群Satt168~Satt556控制硬脂酸的QTL Ste-1在河北石家庄和海南三亚均能被检测到, 贡献率均为12%, 在双尾群体和间隔挑选群体中也能检测到控制硬脂酸的QTL Ste-1, 说明这一QTL稳定存在于本组合群体中, 为今后大豆硬脂酸的QTL精细定位奠定了基础。     

雷竹笋保鲜技术研究

试验以湖北崇阳瑞发生物有限公司提供的鲜雷竹笋为试材,选用壳聚糖与氯化钙作为涂膜剂对其进行涂膜处理,测定了贮藏期间试材的失重率以及氨基酸、Vc、粗纤维的含量,试验结果表明:0.75％壳聚糖+4％氯化钙作为涂膜剂对试材的保鲜效果最好.这种处理能有效地降低了试材的失重率和腐烂率,抑制其纤维素含量的增加,降低其呼吸速率,从而具有良好的保鲜效果.     

河北省2001-2008年医学论文产出的文献计量分析

为了解和评估近8年来河北省二级以上医疗卫生机构的科研能力和学术水平,运用文献计量学方法,对其2001-2008年的论文产出量进行了分析,旨在为各级卫生行政部门领导提供参考。     

水煮法提取芦笋中活性物质的最佳工艺

研究了芦笋活性物质提取的最佳工艺。以芦笋老茎为原料,采用水煮法提取芦笋中活性物质（黄酮、皂苷、多糖）;以活性物质得率为考察指标,在单因素试验的基础上,进行L9（3^3）正交试验设计,研究了浸提剂用量、浸泡时间、水煮时间对活性物质得率的影响。结果表明,水煮法提取芦笋中活性物质的影响因素按由大到小的顺序依次为水煮时间、浸泡时间、浸提剂用量。最佳提取条件为提取2次,首次水煮40min,浸泡15min,浸提剂用量为12．50mL／g,第2次水煮40min,浸泡15min,浸提剂用量为10mL／g。在此条件下,黄酮得率1．00％,皂苷得率5．99％,多糖得率3．35％,活性物质总得率为10．34％。     

农业发展银行巩固和发展粮食收购主体信贷业务研究——切实防控准政策性贷款风险的思考

阐述了粮食生产流通和农业发展银行收购信贷业务发展现状,分析了农业发展银行发展粮食收购主体信贷业务时存在的问题及原因,并提出解决对策:筑牢思想基础,树立品牌意识;改进收购资金供应和管理手段,切实防控贷款风险;完善经营绩效考核机制,调动分、支行巩固和发展主体业务的积极性;优化人力资源,保障业务平衡较快发展。     

Modelling density thresholds for managing mouse damage to maturing wheat

Predator-prey theory suggests that pest damage that occurs over a period of time is related to the initial pest density and their functional and numerical responses to the resource. Estimating the relationship between damage and initial density is therefore fundamental to determining the threshold density (D_T), above which the economic benefits of control exceed the economic costs of control. A manipulative experiment was conducted to parameterize a model of D_T for managing yield loss (YL) caused by mice (Mus domesticus L.) from the milky stage to harvest, by assessing the relationship between YL and initial mouse density at the milky stage (D_I). This relationship subsumed the functional and numerical response of mice to maturing wheat crops. The experiment was conducted in a typical wheat field and D_I was manipulated by releasing a known number of mice into an experimental crop enclosed by a mouse proofed fence. The estimated relationship was asymptotic exponential: YL increased almost linearly with D_I until apparent competition between mice occurred at densities in excess of about 500 mice ha⁻¹; and apparent competition limited further increases in YL at densities in excess of 2133 mice ha⁻¹. D_T varied depending on the effectiveness of the control method in reducing D_I and the cost of control as a percentage of the farm-gate value of wheat. D_T was 89 mice ha⁻¹ for triggering aerial baiting if this method was effective in reducing D_I by 41% and if the cost of baiting was 7.54% of farm-gate value of wheat. Grain growers will be able to use D_I immediately to make informed, timely decisions for managing mouse damage to wheat crops. Mouse densities should be monitored well before the milky stage so that D_I can be forecast by the trend of monitored densities. If the forecast D_I exceeds D_T, management should be implemented at least a week before the milky stage (allowing a week for control such as baiting to take effect). However, if the forecast D_I is much higher than D_T so that even after control the reduced D_I would still be higher than D_T, then additional control may be applied so that the final control applied a week before the milky stage would reduce D_I below D_T.     

畜牧业生态环境的污染及治理

随着畜牧业规模化、集约化的发展,畜牧业对生态环境污染日益严重.笔者分析了畜牧业生产对空气、土壤、水质等几个方面的污染,并提出了相应的治理对策.     

麻杏石甘颗粒的药理作用与安全性研究

为了探讨麻杏石甘颗粒的药理作用及安全性,为兽医临床用药提供理论依据。采用小鼠耳廓肿胀试验,研究了麻杏石甘颗粒的抗炎作用;通过测定小鼠胸腺指数和脾脏指数,研究了麻杏石甘颗粒的免疫作用;根据《兽药研究技术指导原则》进行了麻杏石甘颗粒的急性毒性试验,对其安全性进行了评价。结果表明:麻杏石甘颗粒对小鼠耳廓的肿胀度为9.87 mg,与CK差异达极显著水平;能显著增加小鼠的胸腺指数和脾脏指数;其LD50>5 000 mg/kg,属实际无毒级。表明麻杏石甘颗粒有显著的抗炎作用和提高免疫的功能,且安全可靠。