新疆‘晚丰’巴旦木花粉萌发培养基组分的筛选

为提高人工授粉中巴旦木的产量,本研究采用花粉离体培养法,筛选新疆‘晚丰’巴旦木品种花粉萌发中不同培养基组分的配方施用量,研究不同培养基配方组分对花粉萌发的影响。实验中在培养基内添加尿素、硼酸、氯化钙、吲哚乙酸、赤霉素和蔗糖,均能促进花粉萌发和花粉管生长,在一定范围内,花粉萌发率和花粉管长度均随培养基配方组份量的增加而增加,但超过一定添加量时,促进作用逐渐减弱并出现抑制作用。研究结果显示:添加0.1%尿素、0.01%硼酸、0.005%氯化钙、0.0001%吲哚乙酸、0.0015%赤霉素和10%蔗糖时,新疆‘晚丰’巴旦木品种花粉萌发率最高,花粉管长度也达到最大值。本研究结果为实践生产中人工授粉和相关研究提供参考和理论依据,也为进一步顺利进行亲和授粉研究提供前期理论基础。     

河北省主推中筋小麦品种面条加工适应性研究

为了解河北省主推中筋小麦品种的面条加工适应性、筛选优质面条小麦品种,对河北省19个主推中筋小麦品种的籽粒、面粉品质性状及面条加工品质特性进行了系统检测与分析。结果表明,河北省中筋小麦品种大部分品质性状的遗传多样性较为丰富;适宜制作面条加工的小麦品种有16个,占河北主推中筋小麦品种的84.21%,其中适宜制作优质面条的小麦品种有6个;面条感官总分与中筋小麦面粉的湿面筋含量呈极显著正相关,与拉伸长度呈显著正相关,与弱化度呈显著负相关,与面条质构参数(TPA)的粘聚性和回复性均呈极显著正相关,与面条TPA的弹性、胶着性、咀嚼度和拉伸距离均呈显著正相关;面条TPA指标参数可间接反映面条的感官品质。     

MS培养基中氮、磷无机盐对鳗草克隆幼苗生存的影响

为了探究MS培养基中氮、磷无机营养盐对鳗草生长的影响。单独添加不同浓度KNO₃、NH₄NO₃和KH₂PO₄的天然海水中培养鳗草克隆苗,于7、14天进行植株形态学观察和叶片叶绿素含量测定。其中,KNO₃的添加量为MS培养基中的1/2倍、1倍和2倍及NO₃^-总浓度为39.4 mmol/L,KH₂PO₄和NH₄NO₃的添加量均为MS培养基中各自浓度的1/2、1和2倍。结果表明,叶绿素含量以KNO₃处理组最高(P<0.05),克隆苗培养14天无毒害现象,且有新叶发出;NH₄NO₃和KH₂PO₄处理组均对克隆苗有明显毒害作用,NH₄NO₃处理组叶片48 h后开始褐化,7天后茎尖、根尖明显变软并褐化,14天后植株死亡;KH₂PO₄处理组培养14天后叶片平均褐化率达56%。因此,1/2、MS培养基均不适用于鳗草的室内培养,其培养基的氮源应为单独添加的NO₃^--N或高浓度NO₃^--N+低浓度NH₄⁺-N。     

北美红杉扦插生根的影响因素分析

研究了扦插基质,激素种类、浓度与处理时间,采条部位以及基因型对北美红杉扦插成活率的影响。结果表明:基质配比、激素种类、浓度及处理时间、采条部位等对北美红杉扦插成活率均有显著影响。基质配比以珍珠岩∶草炭=7∶3效果最好;激素以1 000 mg/kg ABT速蘸处理效果为佳;枝条顶部插穗好于下部插穗。不同基因型的扦插成活率差异显著。选取合适的基因型,采集顶部插穗,用1 000 mg/kg的ABT速蘸处理,扦插在珍珠岩∶草炭=7∶3的基质上能获得理想的效果。     

中纤板热压机微机测控系统的研究

采用单片机与台式微机结合构成中纤板热压机微机测控系统，用MCS-51汇编语言和基于Windows98的Visual Basic6.0分别编写单片机数据采集与控制程序和微机主控程序，具有数据处理能力强、数据存储量大、操作界面直观方便等优点。系统设计中考虑了系统的可扩展性和通用性，便于系统扩展和移植。     

小型中纤板厂的技术改造措施

本文对我国小型中纤板企业技术改造的迫切性和必要性进行了分析．并提出了相关的技术改造措施。实践表明：适当的技术改造可大幅度增加产量，改善产品质量，增加产品品种；技改投资少、见效快，是企业发展的必由之路。     

Technological properties and fire performance of medium density fibreboard (MDF) treated with selected polyphosphate-based fire retardants

ABSTRACT

The objective of the work was to evaluate the efficacy of two new polyphosphate-based fire retardants (FRs) and one commercial product named Siriono^® on the fire performance and physical–mechanical properties of medium density fibreboard (MDF) fabricated in the laboratory from Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) wood. The fibres were treated with aqueous solutions of fire retardants, at 12% loading (dry salt on dry wood), and bonded with a melamine urea formaldehyde (MUF) adhesive. The physical and mechanical properties of panels were assessed using the European standards, whereas their fire performance was evaluated using an in-house method and the Cone calorimeter. In overall, the chemicals added enhanced the fire and smoke properties of the panels to varying degrees. Critical FR parameters such as peak heat release rate (peak HRR), total heat release (THR) and total smoke production (TSP) were significantly improved in the FR-treated panels, as exhibited in cone calorimeter tests. However, the internal bond strength of treated panels largely decreased by the addition of fire retardants, while thickness swell and water absorption negatively affected to a significant extent. In contrast, the formaldehyde release of the panels was considerably decreased at the E1 class level, with the incorporation of the polyphosphate-based additives.     

Flash chromatography on cartridges for the separation of plant extracts: Rules for the selection of chromatographic conditions and comparison with medium pressure liquid chromatography

Empirical rules for the selection of chromatographic conditions on flash chromatography cartridges were developed, with an emphasis on gradient mode. These rules were then tested with separation of extracts from important medicinal plants including Curcuma xanthorrhiza, Piper nigrum and Salvia milthiorrhiza. Sepacore® cartridges enabled a good separation of compounds with a broad range of polarity, as typically found in plant extracts. The chromatographic resolution remained, however, lower than that achieved on classical columns packed with material of smaller particle size. For poorly soluble extracts, solid introduction gave better results than liquid injection.     

防霉中密度纤维板的研制

在湿度较大的地区和潮湿的场所,中密度纤维板(下称中纤板)因长期受潮而产生霉变,使其性能受损,更为严重的是污染了居住环境。因此,研究如何防止中纤板霉变,使其具有防霉性能应作为一项重要的课题。笔者通过对防霉剂选择、优化热压工艺参数、防霉效果测试等方面进行了试验研究,确定了适当的防霉剂及其添加量,得出了压制防霉中纤板的优化热压工艺。     

树木盆景无土培育技术探讨

通过采用6种基质，栽培7种树桩盆景，并对结果进行分析。结果表明：a1、a2长势最好，可作树桩盆景无性繁殖的基质，也是树木盆景上盆、换盆的好基质，用其栽培的树木盆景病虫少，能达到出境要求；a3、a4、a5只是盆景繁育的基质，用其培育的盆景若在出口前3－5个月换成a1或a2也能达到出境要求；a6是花卉、蔬菜无土培育液体基质，在中小型盆景中也有运用，在大型盆景中因难以固定而较少使用。