基于农村公共卫生视角的中央与地方事权的划分

在现代社会公平是不可回避的问题，在公共卫生领域同样如此。通过对比相关数据发现政 府对于农村公共卫生投入不足，城乡间的公共卫生服务水平差距明显；其次省际间分化更为严重。对 以上问题，首先，必须建构明确的事权划分原则和细则适度上移共享事权，使得事权与支出责任相匹 配；其次，需通过中央的宏观调控之手加大对农村卫生领域的投入，缩小省际间的公共卫生服务水平 差距。     

社会林业发展与林权制度安排

从人的价值及行为形成机制出发,分析认为影响林业发展的核心因素是产权安排,目前我国林权制度存在所有权主体虚置、林地产权的各项权能边界不清、林地权属四至界限不清等问题.发展社会林业,必须界定出明晰的林业权能边界,强化林地使用权,保障四大权能.     

Excel应用于方差分析的实训教学探究

针对国内应用型本科湖南文理学院院校概率统计课程的实训教学越来越多地注重Excel作为初学者操作平台的现状,就非平衡数据和嵌套结构的数据在Excel中实现方差分析的过程进行探究。突出以组内矫正数为主线整理数据后简化平方和分解公式的理念,使得Excel中进行方差分析时,数据整理流程完全格式化,平方和的分解步骤更为简洁,自由度分解、F检验等步骤不再繁琐,为非统计专业本科阶段借助Excel电子表格率先实现概率统计课程实训教学的宽口径模式提供借鉴。     

Prediction of grain protein in spring malting barley grown in northern Europe

The ability to predict grain protein concentration at harvest (CP) in Swedish malting barley (Hordeum distichum) from observations of soil conditions, sowing day, fertilisation rate, remote sensing at early stem elongation and the temperature sum during grain filling, was tested for two cultivars; Astoria (Secobra, France) and Wikingett (Svalöf-Weibulls, Sweden) in 16 fertilisation trials in southern Sweden, encompassing 3 years (2001–2003). Fertilisation was applied either as a single dose at sowing, or as both a starting application and an application at early stem elongation. The highest total application rate was 160 kg N ha⁻¹ y⁻¹. The soil was analysed for phosphorus, potassium, magnesium and calcium in the layer 0–0.3 m, and mineral N down to 0.6 m. Canopy reflectance observations at BBCH 32 was used to calculate a vegetation index (TCARI(32)) to reflect the canopy (leaf and straw) chlorophyll concentration. Harvested grain CP correlated only marginally with the observed soil variables. It was, however, for a specific cultivar, possible to make a prediction of grain CP based on day of sowing and TCARI(32) with . Part of the sowing day effect might be due to thermal stress during grain filling, as the risk for high temperatures during this phase was higher when sowing was late. This might also explain why the introduction of accumulated temperature during grain filling, into a model already including sowing day and TCARI(32) as independent variables, did not improve the predictability of grain CP.     

极限函数与和函数的关系及其连续性

给出极限函数与和函数的定义．讨论了极限函数与和函数之间的关系，利用极限函数得到函数项级数收敛的一个必要条件，研究了极限函数与和函数的连续性，得到部分和函数列连续的一个充分条件．     

Nitrate leaching in a silage maize field under different irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer rates

Quantification of the interactive effects of nitrogen (N) and water on nitrate (NO₃) loss provides an important insight for more effective N and water management. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of different irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer levels on nitrate-nitrogen (NO₃-N) leaching in a silage maize field. The experiment included four irrigation levels (0.7, 0.85, 1.0, and 1.13 of soil moisture depletion, SMD) and three N fertilization levels (0, 142, and 189 kg N ha⁻¹), with three replications. Ceramic suction cups were used to extract soil solution at 30 and 60 cm soil depths for all 36 experimental plots. Soil NO₃-N content of 0-30 and 30-60-cm layers were evaluated at planting and harvest maturity. Total N uptake (NU) by the crop was also determined. Maximum NO₃-N leaching out of the 60-cm soil layer was 8.43 kg N ha⁻¹, for the 142 kg N ha⁻¹ and over irrigation (1.13 SMD) treatment. The minimum and maximum seasonal average NO₃ concentration at the 60 cm depth was 46 and 138 mg l⁻¹, respectively. Based on our findings, it is possible to control NO₃ leaching out of the root zone during the growing season with a proper combination of irrigation and fertilizer management.     

基于变权重法的Pareto轨迹多目标进化算法

大多数现有的多目标进化算法 (MOEA- Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithm )都是基于 Pareto机制的 ,如 NPGA (Niched Pareto Genetic Algorithm ) ,NSGA(Non- dom inated Sorting Genetic Algorithm )等。这些算法的每一个循环都要对种群中的部分或全部个体进行排序或比较 ,计算量很大。文中介绍了一种基于变权重线性加权的 Pareto轨迹法 - WSTPEA(Weighted Sum Approach and Tracing Pareto Method) ,该算法不是同时求得所有可能的非劣解 ,而是每执行一个循环步骤求得一个非劣解 ,通过权重变化次数控制算法循环的次数 ,从而使整个种群遍历 Pareto曲线 (面 )。文中给出了算法的详细描述和流程图 ,并且对两个实验测试问题进行了计算 ,最后对结果进行了分析     

柑桔臀纹粉蚧的研究

柑桔臀纹粉蚧在上海地区常规栽培管理的十字景天上一年发生3代,以受精雌成虫或产卵雌成虫越冬。本文报导了此虫的年生活史及各虫态的生活习性、发育进程与历期,并测得其卵的发育起点温度为11.49±0.53℃;有效积温为73.11±3.39日度。以15%铁灭克颗粒剂根施;40%氧化乐果10O倍液浇灌,防治效果在97%以上.     

饲料资源量概念及其判断

首先提出并讨论了饲料资源量的主体部分就是饲料能量总量及饲料蛋白质总量的问题。然后,用相关及回归方法筛选出了牛代谢能及粗蛋白质指标。在此基础上,建立了对饲料资源的品质和数量进行判断的蛋能结构指数及蛋能丰度指数体系。