感染CIAV雏鸡免疫器官对ND疫苗的细胞免疫应答

对１日龄感染ＣＩＡＶ雏鸡接种ＮＤ疫苗后，其免疫器官组织Ｔ细胞数量的动态变化进行研究．结果，感染ＣＩＡＶ雏鸡ＮＤ疫苗免疫局，其胸腺和脾脏以及盲肠扁桃体和哈德尔腺的Ｔ细胞数量，于接种ＮＤ疫苗后较未感染ＣＩＡＶ免疫对照雏鸡明显减少，表明感染雏鸡的中枢和外周免疫器官及局部免疫组织对ＮＤ疫苗的细胞免疫应答功能明显降低．ＮＤ强毒攻击后，感染免疫鸡的免疫保护率明显低于未感染免疫对照鸡．     

中药穿心莲对新城疫HI抗体滴度的影响

1日龄肉仔鸡随机分为A、B、C、D、E、F、G7个试验组,每组组内设2个重复小组,每个重复小组35只鸡。A、B、C、D、E、F试验组添加穿心莲,G组不添加。各组均对新城疫进行首免和二免。结果发现,穿心莲能显著提高肉鸡的新城疫HI抗体滴度水平。另外,穿心莲的抗体滴度水平有一定的剂量依赖性,随着剂量的上升效果有提高的趋势。     

不同营养水平对种公鸡新城疫抗体水平的影响

研究选择21周龄新扬州鸡种公鸡135只,随机分成9组。采用两因子析因设计,分别设粗蛋白质水平为17%、14%和11%,钙水平为3.3%、2.3%和1.3%,构成9种日粮处理。比较在繁殖期全程饲喂不同粗蛋白质和钙水平日粮对种公鸡新城疫水平的影响,结果表明:日粮粗蛋白质水平对免疫后15、30天公鸡体内的抗体水平有显著影响(P<0.05),对免疫90天的水平有极显著影响(P<0.01);日粮钙对免疫后30天的抗体水平有极显著的影响(P<0.01);二者的交互作用对它影响不显著(P>0.05);低蛋白低钙组抗体水平显著高于高蛋白高钙组(P<0.05)。     

鸡呼吸道传染病基因芯片诊断方法的建立

随着养禽业集约化程度的不断提高,鸡呼吸系统疾病的发生呈逐年上升趋势.而且大多数的呼吸道疾病不是单一病原感染,而是多种病原混合感染,从临床上难以及时鉴别诊断,延误防治时机,从而给养禽业造成巨大的经济损失.因此,禽呼吸道疾病已经成为生产和研究中的一类重要疾病.目前,禽呼吸系统疾病的诊断方法主要有病毒分离、血凝（HA）、血凝抑制（HI）、琼脂扩散、ELISA、PCR等,但是传统的检测方法灵敏度较低,而且当病原发生变异或感染禽处在潜伏期时会造成误诊.PCR方法每次只能检测一种病毒,费时费力.采用基因芯片的方法可以快速、准确地同步检测多种病原体,且需要样品量少、灵敏、特异、快速、费用低廉,将生物芯片技术用于禽呼吸道疾病诊断意义重大.     

Effect of the Immunity Efficacy of IBD Immune Complex Vaccine on ND La Sota Vaccine

1-day-old SPF chickens and commercial Jingfen chickens were vaccinated with IBD immune complex(IC) vaccine, NDV La Sota vaccine were inoculated simultaneously every one week and every two weeks.NDV La Sota immunization alone was as the control group.At the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th week post inoculation, blood samples were taken and the ND HI antibody were tested.Experimental chickens were challenged with high virulent NDV at the 5th week post inoculation, the protective rate of each group was calculated.The results showed the ND HI antibody were not significant different in the combined immunization of IBD IC vaccine priming and NDV La Sota vaccine boost and NDV La Sota vaccine alone immunization (P>0.05).The results indicated that IBD IC vaccine has no immunosuppression on NDV La Sota vaccine in SPF chickens and commercial Jingfen chickens.     

鸡新城疫油佐剂灭活疫苗的研究

采用ＮＤ Ｌａｓｏｔａ株为种毒，福尔马林为灭活剂，７号白油为佐剂，吐温８０、司本８０为乳化剂，硫柳汞为防腐剂，高压匀浆泵为乳化工具，研制出ＮＤ油佐剂灭活疫苗。其剂型为双相型（Ｗ／Ｏ／Ｗ），呈稀薄乳状液，粒度为１ｕｍ左右，粘度≤１ｓ，通针性好。４￣８℃有效保存期１年。效力≥７０ＰＤ５０，最早产生免疫时间为１２天（１００％保护），生产中常用免疫剂量为２月龄内每只０．５ｍｌ，２月龄以上每只１．０ｍｌ皮下     

螺旋毛壳ND35 β-1,3-葡聚糖酶的诱导、性质及其抑菌作用

 以病原菌Rhizoctonia solani的细胞壁为诱导物,模拟毛壳菌自然的重寄生过程,研究了内生真菌螺旋毛壳(Chaetomium spirale) ND35 β-1,3-葡聚糖酶的产酶条件、性质,尤其是不同碳源的调控作用。结果表明,不同种类的真菌细胞壁及几丁质和昆布多糖,均可诱导产生β-1,3-葡聚糖酶,而作为分解代谢产物的葡萄糖则抑制产酶。经硫酸铵沉淀、DEAE-Sepharose阴离子交换层析及Phenyl-Sepharose疏水层析,并通过SDS-PAGE鉴定,纯化了一种分子量约为73 kDa的内切β-1,3-葡聚糖酶GLUC73。其最适反应温度为55℃,在40℃以下较稳定;最适pH值为5.5,在pH 5-9范围内均很稳定;酶活性受Hg²⁺、Fe³⁺、Zn²⁺、Mg²⁺等金属离子不同程度的抑制,Mn²⁺和Co²⁺对酶有激活作用;以昆布多糖为底物时,该酶的米氏常数K_m为0.412 mg·mL^-1,最大反直速度V_max为3.876 U·mL^-1。粗酶液同时具有β-1,3-葡聚糖酶和几丁质酶活性,离体抑菌试验表明,对苹果炭疽病菌(Glomerella cingulata)、杨树腐烂病菌(Valsa sordida)、苹果树腐烂病菌(Valsa mali)的菌丝生长和孢子萌发有明显的抑制作用。通过对β-1,3-葡聚糖进行免疫细胞化学标记和超微结构观察,间接证明了β-1,3-葡聚糖酶在螺旋毛壳重寄生过程中的作用。     

7种长蠹科昆虫的线粒体DNA ND4基因序列比较分析

长蠹科昆虫严重危害林木和仓贮物品。该文应用非损伤性DNA测序技术测定了来自不同国家的长蠹科害虫的线粒体DNA ND4基因的部分序列。在获得的204bp的序列中，7种昆虫的序列变异丰富，多数变异发生在密码子的第3位点上。将实验结果与形态学特征比较分析，探讨7个种的形态差异与基因序列的差异；结果表明，7种昆虫不仅在外形特征上存在差异，而且在ND4基因序列上的差异程度也很显著，平均为21．94％。这为分类鉴定提供了充分的证据。     

Study on Synergistic Effect of VA5 Immunopotentiator on Pigeon NDV Inactivated Vaccine

This study was designed to evaluate the synergistic effect of VA5 immunopotentiator on pigeon ND4416 inactivated vaccine.160 healthy pigeons were randomly divided into four groups,including ND4416 strain inactivated vaccine group (NDV group),ND4416 strain inactivated vaccine and immunopotentiator (VA5) mixed group (NDV+VA5 group),La Sota inactivated vaccine group (La Sota group) and normal saline as the control group (C group),to assess their vaccine efficacy against virulent pigeon NDV by serological analysis and animal testing.Pigeons sera were collected at different time points after immunization and measured the HI antibody titer of each group.The results showed that VA5 immunopotentiator significantly improved the serum antibody level of pigeons immunized with pigeon Newcastle disease inactivated vaccine (P<0.05).In addition,comparative test of spleen lymphocyte transformation was conducted at various time points after immunization.The results indicated that VA5 effectively stimulated the lymphocyte transformation of immune pigeon.Pigeons in each groups were challenged with ND4416 strain at the 30th,90th and 180th d after immunization.The results presented that the NDV+VA5 group had 100% protection rate and higher than La Sota group.The duration of immunization test showed that the antibody titer of NDV+VA5 group reached peak 11.20log₂ at the 21st d,remained 7.50log₂ at 180th d,and the protection rate remained 100% at 180th d.It indicated that VA5 immunopotentiator sustained the immune duration of pigeon NDV vaccine up to 180 d.Moreover,the in vitro detoxification test results suggested that VA5 immunopotentiator reduced the in vitro detoxification cycle of pigeons after challenge.Overall,this study suggested VA5 immunopotentiator could significantly improve the immune efficacy of pigeon Newcastle disease inactivated vaccine,which provided a basis for further enhancing the efficacy of Newcastle disease vaccine,as well increased experimental data for the application of immunopotentiators.     

合肥野生动物园5种雉鸡接种新城疫疫苗后抗体水平测定

选择成年白冠长尾雉5只,白腹锦鸡5只,白鹇3只,红腹锦鸡3只和孔雀11只,同时用L系弱毒冻干苗和新城疫油乳剂灭活疫苗进行免疫接种,通过血凝抑制试验(HI)测定其抗体滴度.结果表明,在免疫接种后26 d,白冠长尾雉抗体效价为9.8log2,白腹锦鸡为8.0log2,白鹇为8.0log2,红腹锦鸡为10.7log2;孔雀在免疫后接种0、8、15、20、25 d,抗体水平分别为3.8log2、5.0log2、6.2log2、7.5log2及8.2log2.